UNic Dawes Hlela njengoba indlela yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule kwezomnotho Germany maphakathi nawo-1920

Ngemva kokunqotshwa kwe-Empire German iSivumelwano SaseVersailles esayinwe kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala ka 1914-1918. Ngu ngokwalokho okwashiwo kuso, iJalimane kwadingeka zikhokhe imali yokulungisa umonakalo emazweni Entente. Usayizi futhi inkathi isinxephezelo akuyona ncamashi kulawulwa isivumelwano sokuthula. Eminyakeni 2-3, Germany wayebhekene nokuntengantenga komnotho. Ngo-1924, uNic Dawes Uhlelo lwenzelwe ukubuyisela ibhalansi ukukhokhelwa komnotho German.

ngxabano Franco-German endaweni Ruhr

Omunye emazweni ezincike ukulungisa, kwaba France. Lapho eJalimane ngemuva kokuqala sezomnotho esibucayi kakhulu, izinkinga zaqala nge ekukhokhweni yokulungisa umonakalo, uMongameli Poincaré sanquma ukungenela amasosha French endaweni Ruhr. Njengoba wazi, Ruhr - yilona mthombo-ocebile esifundeni iningi eJalimane. Kukhona kumabanga ehlukene amalahle yafakwa amabhomu agqitshwayo, okuyinto ngesikhathi kabanzi embonini, futhi lo jantshi. ayehlasela French zensimu German kwadingeka Izinjongo eziningana:

• ziqiniseke ukuthi zinamanzi njalo ukulungiswa izinkokhelo France;
• ukufinyeleleka kwimithombo German ngokwemvelo nezimboni French;
• buthakathaka ithonya England nase-US kwezombangazwe European.

Ukumelana German lwathatha izinyanga 8. Ekwindla ka-1923, uhulumeni German laphela nokuxhasa elwa ukunwebeka French. France wazama niwunqobe eJalimane ngokwayo, okuyinto akufakwanga amacebo nabanye abaholi bezwe.

Umsebenzi ikhomishana ochwepheshe ukufunda isimo sezimali Germany

Ngo-November 1923, umphakathi wamazwe omhlaba umise Ikhomishana, kamuva bahlakulele Dawes Hlela. Imisebenzi yalo myalo ukuwo zezomnotho professional owayevela eYurophu, kanye ochwepheshe ngabanye kusukela e-United States. Isakhiwo umzimba sidaliwe amakomiti amabili. Eyokuqala abasebenze ukubuyiselwa lwemali German. Ububanzi besigaba sesibili lalinabashumayeli nemibuzo yosesho ukubuyela amathuba enhloko-dolobha yezwe, etholakala phesheya. Lokhu imali kungenzeka baye yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule, kwezomnotho, ngoba kuphela ukuthuthukiswa koMnotho eJalimane yimpumelelo babekwazi ukunikeza yokulungisa umonakalo.

Ukuthuthukiswa Ukwamukelwa isu Entente

Januwari 14, 1924, eLondon, wavula umhlangano wekomidi wezazi. Wabhekisa amabombo uchwepheshe umphakathi ummeli waseMelika Charles, uNic Dawes. Ngaphambi kokujoyina i-iKomiti kwezinsuku ezimbalwa iqembu bezimali abanolwazi aqulwa eJalimane ukuze ukufunda isithombe wangempela ezingeni emnothweni. Ngesisekelo idatha bayithola lakhiwe umbiko esenziwa umphakathi emhlanganweni eLondon.

Uma sikhuluma Dawes Uhlelo Ngamafuphi nje, ukuxazulula inkinga wokubuyisa solvency komnotho German ukukhokhwa yokulungisa umonakalo. Sakhiwo umbiko waba yizinqamu ezintathu. Ekuqaleni umqondo ukuthi ukulungisa - it is kuphela esikweletini sangaphandle abalingani yaseJalimane Western, akuyona indlela yokujeziselwa ubunzima emazweni Entente sabhekana nalo kulezi impi.

UNic Dawes uhlelo okuthiwa okuhlinzeka ukutuswa yokutakula German kwezomnotho e inani amamaki yizigidi ezingu-800. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalesi credit lisuke ku-izinhlelo co-kwemali emazweni IMF kwaba ukuthi eJalimane lidlule intela nokhomishana ekhethekile ikhono lokulawula isabelomali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Company wadala ekhethekile, okuyinto senza ekuphathweni kohlelo ujantshi eJalimane iminyaka engu-40. Empeleni, ukulawula isayithi amasu sekudlule ezandleni yangasese. Ukulawula izimali uhulumeni walahlekelwa ngoba ilungelo ukuphrinta lwemali wathola ebhange esungulwe ngokukhethekile, eyayiphansi Allied control. UNic Dawes Uhlelo Ubuye abekele intela enkulu labantu. Imithombo eyinhloko kumiswa izimali reparative babe yangasese izinkampani izimali kanye isabelomali wombuso.

Imiphumela inqubomgomo Allied

Ukwamukelwa, uNic Dawes Uhlelo kwaba nemiphumela okuhle nokubi ngoba kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Osekuzuziwe:

• usimamise isimo somnotho e-Germany;
• uqhube ukulungiswa izinkokhelo.

amaphuzu Negative:

• phansi tesive
• ukwethulwa izintela umthwalo for labantu kwaholela ukwanda ezingeni bekhalaza uhlale emphakathini;
• eza umbuso ngo-1933, iqembu namaNazi-Adolf Hitler.