UMongameli German Joachim Gauck

Ngo-2012, eJalimane nguMengameli yayo - kwaba Joachim Gauck. Phakathi nomkhankaso ukhetho wathola angu-991 kusukela amalungu ephalamende ezifundazweni, ngowakho esikhundleni imbangi yakhe eyinhloko - Bute Klarsfeld (amavoti 126).

Owayekade eyisikhulu umfundisi wamaLuthela, isishoshovu, Gauck ingeyona anoma yiliphi iqembu lezombusazwe. It unqobile idumela eliphezulu yesitatimende ngokuqinile imibono yakhe ngisho ezindabeni impikiswano. U-80% womphakathi German cabanga kuye umuntu sithembekile. Kubalulekile uqaphele ukuthi ukusekelwa Shansela Angela Merkel sika ku ngokhetho kwaba Gauck, hhayi Kristiana Vulfa (ubuso ongokomfanekiso kunqubomgomo German).

Joachim Gauck: Biography

Wazalwa ngo-1940 emzini Rostock. Inhloko yomkhaya, uyise wayengumuntu isikhulu ovelele oluhle ngemikhumbi yempi, ukaputeni womkhumbi. Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II, amaKhomanisi alithatha esempumalanga eJalimane, lapho ayehlala khona Gauk, turning kube German Democratic Republic (GDR). Ngo-1951, uyise wathunyelwa eSiberia yi amasosha aseSoviet. Ngo-1955, yena waba okuvukela kwakhe kuxolelwe, wabuyela Rostock.

Joachim ebuntwaneni wachitha ngemuva "yensimbi kwesihenqo". Futhi njengoba omdala iqala ukuba baphikise uhulumeni yeMpumalanga Jalimane kanye nemiqondo zokubusa ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni. Wenqaba zijoyine eFree Youth isiJalimane, ngokujoyina iqembu amelene nobukhomanisi. Ngisho amaphoyisa isimo ( "Stasi") ecabanga ukuthi ihlongandlebe oshisekayo futhi wawufanekisela ukuba uphinda isiphetho uyise.

Umfundisi-anticommunist

Joachim Gauck sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi nguhulumeni njengenhlangano angalungiseki anti-lamaKhomanisi. Ngakho-ke, akazange avunyelwe ukufunda journalism. Kunalokho, wasebenzisa imfundo yezenkolo e-University of Rostock futhi waba ngumfundisi e-Evangelical Lutheran Church in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Kodwa amalungu zezokuvikela babeqhubeka befuna kuye, ngoba ibhekisela ebuKristwini izinsolo.

Ngaphezu post yakhe Gauck wakhonza njengephayona County kanye umfundisi intsha kamasipala ku Rostock.

Umsebenzi futhi Revolution

Phakathi inguquko obunokuthula 1989 Ngokuzayo uMongameli eJalimane Joachim Gauck bajoyine yeningi ukuphikiswa party "okusha Forum". Kulesi inhlangano, waziveza ukuba okhuthele, ukuze kamuva baba engusihlalo walo.

Ngo-March 1990 wakhethwa ukuba Yabantu Chamber, eye Wajoyina namanye amaqembu amabili yeningi esebumba "Alliance-90."

Ngawo lowo nyaka emva kokushiya iqembu Joachim Gauck waba inhloko yalawa zomlando olukhethekile amaphoyisa omshoshaphansi "Stasi". Ngemva wabelwa ukuphenya ithuna ubugebengu lamaKhomanisi. Kulesi sikhundla, wakhonza iminyaka engaba ngu-10.

Bekanye Jens kwamaNazi, Ulrike Poppe nezinye izishoshovu ezintathu Gauck baba omele eliphikisayo GDR. Wabe waklonyeliswa wasebusika Theodor- Heuss.

umsebenzi wemfanelo

Kusukela ngo-1990 kuya ku-2000, Gauck ngesikhathi umsebenzi wakhe zomlando imfihlo wathola izinkulungwane zabantu ababemdibi munye "Stasi" futhi wadalula ukuthi imisebenzi kuphikiswa. Ngenxa yalokho, abaningi balahlekelwe yimisebenzi yabo engxenyeni kahulumeni. Ngo-1995, Gauck waklonyeliswa "Federal Cross" amasevisi ekilasini lokuqala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, owayezoba umongameli Joachim Gauck wema kwamalungelo esintu kanye naye wagcizelela ukubaluleka kokuqinisekisa ukuthi umlando ubukhomanisi e naseYurophu eMaphakathi neseMpumalanga awuzange lonakaliswe ngenkathi sokubusa kwamaNazi.

Ngo-1998, Gauck ishicilele incwadi «Black Book kobuKhomanisi», lapho afike akhokha khona umbono wayo Sikazwelonke Sokusebenzela Uhulumeni kanye nobukhomanisi. Wayengomunye abasayini lokuqala "Ukuvezwa ePrague ku Unembeza European nobuKhomanisi" (2008) kanye "iSimemezelo ubugebengu wobukhomanisi" (2010). German Shansela Angela Merkel ku engu-70 yayo esenzeka Joachim wazwakalisa ukwazisa yayo ehliziyweni umsebenzi owenziwa lwakhe olungapheli emkhakheni ukukhuthazwa nokuqedwa ubukhomanisi nezinye izinhlobo kobushiqela.

Ukushintsha izikhundla

Ngo-2000, i-Federal uKhomishana izenzo abophiko lwezokuphepha ezwe elaliyi-GDR iba Marianne Birthler. Gauck ushiye lesi sikhundla, njengoba ngokomthetho angakhetha izikhathi angaphezu kwamabili ingakapheli iminyaka emihlanu.

Ngo-2001 waba ilungu leBhodi we "European Monitoring Centre ku Buhlanga Xenophobia".

Ngo-2003, umongameli wamanje Germany wathola umklomelo Bad Iburger Nesibindi-Preises izenzo nesibindi kakhulu. Ngawo lowo nyaka wakhethwa usihlalo we inhlangano "Against lokulibala -. Yeningi"

Ngo-2004, Gauck uye ethuthukisiwe kwami embukisweni othi "izitekhi zokungabi nabulungisa", wanikezela ngalabo ababa yizisulu kuleso Military amaNazi Justice elinokukhohlakala kakhulu eliseTorgau.

Ubani umongameli eJalimane?

Ngo-2010, yena lesula uMongameli German Horst Köhler of ukuwohloka kokuziphatha kubantu futhi uhulumeni. Noma kunjalo, abantu abaningi babecabanga ukuthi umongameli engcono ngenxa yokwethembeka kwakhe nokubekezela.

Njengoba nembangi okuthunyelwe kaMengameli Gauck uqokelwe yizinkampani SPD futhi Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen. Nokho, umzuliswano wesithathu ukuvota enqoba uNdunankulu of eLower Saxony Kristian Vulf.

Ngo-2012, ukuthola angu-991, uMuzi Gauck uwina Bute Klarsfeld bese uba uMongameli eJalimane.

esibalulekile

"Yeka ngeSonto emangalisayo", - uthe elisanda kuqokwa German uMongameli Gauck ekuqaleni inkulumo yakhe eyathatha isikhathi esifushane emva isimemezelo imiphumela yokhetho. Masinyane wathi ukuthi izimisele ukugxila izindikimba main kanye nezindaba ezibalulekile-Europe kanye nezwe.

Ngaphambi kokuba amalungu ababebuthene ephalamende ku-German Bundestag 23 Mashi 2012 Gauck ufungiswe.

ukunqoba kwakhe kwaba ngempela nkomoni. Lokhu kufakazelwa ucwaningo olwenziwe LI isiteshi sethelevishini, esathola ukuthi 80% amaJalimane cabanga ngaye njengendoda enokholo likufanelekele ukwethenjwa.

"Amandla ngokomzwelo"

UMongameli German Joachim Gauck has engasenathonya. umbhali wemilando yokuphila kwabantu baKhe Gerd Langguth wathi Gauck - nguye ongafinyelela inhliziyo wonke umuntu ngenkulumo yakhe.

Ukuze agcizelele ukuthi yayiyini ezingalindelekile, ubiza yena a "leftist olandelanayo ovulekile" noma "ngomqondo ovulekile kwesokunxele olandelanayo."

Sueddeutsche Zeitung uveza ukuthi amandla ayo ayinhloko ekushumayeleni. Wanezela ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi kungcono izinga ngokomzwelo kungaba nzima: "Imicabango nezinhloso Amazwi akhe futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngezenzo, kunzima kakhulu ukubikezela. Futhi annoys abanye abantu. "

izitatimende Candid kusukela uMongameli kwelinye lamazwe ezinamandla kakhulu emhlabeni, bangaba amagagasi anamandla ukuthi ibanga elide futhi zingase zicishe zifane asigcini nje ngokulalela okushiwoyo imibono yabantu abasemazingeni aphansi, kodwa futhi izakhamuzi nezinye izifundazwe. UMnu Gauck isibe hero amaJalimane amaningi, kepha yena kube iqhawe kwabanye "non-amaJalimane", futhi!

Yezinjongo eziyinhloko uMongameli

Yiqiniso, injongo eyinhloko uMongameli entsha eJalimane, kanye nezinye izazi zezombangazwe, kukhona ukunqoba izinhliziyo yomphakathi futhi abazibonakalisa kubo ukuthi isimo German - ezweni okungukuthi ngobuzwe okusezingeni eliphezulu yayo, ubuqotho nokubeka izinto obala. Phela, lezi izimfanelo manje asivamile ukubonwa emhlabeni, lapho ezombusazwe nobuzenzisi adluliselwe umthwalo ungene abanye. Zonke izingqungquthela Gauck njalo uveza ukuthi indlela engcono kakhulu sokuthuthukisa izwe - ukusiza abantu abadinga usizo kanye nenhlonipho ukubekezelelana.

Umongameli wamanje futhi uzama ukubhekana kwesokudla-wing Abashisekeli. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, kubhekwe kwezinye izingxenye umthethosisekelo, okubhekisele ukuvalwa ngokushesha amaqembu ezombusazwe ukuthi ukugxila imibono Sikazwelonke Sokusebenzela Uhulumeni, ubukhomanisi kwabokufika, kungaba aqaphele emthethweni inhlangano NPD.

Kuyoba basekelwe esinamandla sokuba amaqembu ezombusazwe eJalimane, kuhlanganise CDU Merkel, futhi ube nomthelela nenzuzo emsebenzini wabo.

Futhi isisulu sakhe sakamuva ngcono kwamaZwe namanye amazwe, kuhlanganise nase-United States, njengoba ikhanda lokugcina isimo (Kristian Vulf) is azifinyelelanga kule ndaba ayikho imiphumela.

inqubomgomo angaphandle

Ngokusho ososayensi abaningi bezombangazwe, uMuzi Gauck ithole ifomula okulungile ngokuziphatha inqubomgomo angaphandle German. Impumelelo ngowokuthi ukuthwala kwakhe kule ingaphazamisi ezidlule seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, nokubambisana eqinile nokubuyisana ne "omakhelwane" womhlaba ukuzinikela eJalimane ukuze Ukuhlanganiswa yaseYurophu, ubambiswano okunokwethenjelwa nge-United States, ukuhweba khulula. EJalimane kwaba esivuna umqondo wokulondeka okusekelwe ukuhlonishwa kwamalungelo esintu. Futhi into ebaluleke kunazo - iwukuba silondoloze ukuhleleka futhi sivikele izithakazelo zabo ngaphandle uma izinguquko ezinkulu zenzeka emhlabeni.

Ngenxa yokuhlangenwe nakho yayo amalungelo esintu kanye mthetho omkhulu eJalimane uthatha izinyathelo ezinqala ukuze alondoloze futhi udale umyalo sisekelwe eenkambisweni zomthetho we-European Union, i-United Nations, NATO kanye Inhlangano. Gauck kunzima imibuso ngesihluku ungambozi izisekelo ubukhosi isimo futhi okungezona ukuphazamiseka ngokubamba iqhaza kule ngqungquthela nokuphepha kwezizwe ngezizwe.

ukuphila Siqu

Joachim Gauck washada Gerhild Radtke Hansi ngo-1959, naphezu kokuvinjelwa uyise. Lona wesifazane wayesekhulile impela leso sithandwa sakhe kusukela ebuntwaneni, lapho kuqala noBontle eneminyaka eyishumi ubudala. Ngo-1960 lo mbhangqwana kwadingeka ingane yabo yokuqala - indodana, Christian. Ngo-1962, uMartin wazalwa ngo 1966 - indodakazi Gesine futhi Katharina - ngo-1979. Ekupheleni kuka-1980, Christian, uMartin Gesine kungashiya iMpumalanga Jalimane bethuthele eJalimane. Nakuba Katharina, njengoba ingane, wahlala nabazali bami.

Izingane Gauck nokucwaseka eqinile futhi banqatshelwe ilungelo lokuthola imfundo phezu ingxenye umbuso zamaKhomanisi, ngoba uyise umfundisi. INdodana Christian ngo-1987 washiya eJalimane futhi wathuthela eNtshonalanga Jalimane ukuze ngifundele ubudokotela. Ngenxa yalokho, wathola iziqu zobudokotela okhokhelwayo.

Ngo-1990, uMuzi owayo uthandana intatheli noHelga Hirsch - Warsaw umlobeli samasonto onke i-Zeit. Lokhu kwakuwumnikelo ka-isizathu esiyinhloko isehlukaniso yakhe kumkakhe Gerhild. Ngemva kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, Helga isala Gauk, kodwa hhayi zingasekho nhlobo ekuphileni kwakhe - kwaba umsebenzi Federal uMongameli zochwepheshe.

Okwamanje Gauck uhlala Danielloy Shadt. Umndeni wakhe ukwenza ngaphandle ukukhiqizwa upende varnishes, wanquma ukufunda e Frankfurt / journalism Main. Khona-ke waqala ukusebenza kwenhloko yembuzi, uMnyango Wezangaphakathi e «Nürnberger Zeitung». NoMongameli ikusasa eJalimane yena, wahlangana ngo-2000 ngesikhathi inkulumo eNuremberg.

Ngemva komshado wakhe Schadt badela umsebenzi ngaye ephephandabeni futhi zayiswa nomyeni wakhe e-Berlin. Yena isekela ngokuzeleko nomyeni wakhe e ukwenza ezindabeni zezombusazwe abelana injabulo yakhe - waba Umkhulu ngokuba abazukulu nambili futhi ezine babazukulu.

Kufinyeta, singaphetha ngokuthi abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ngokomzwelo Joachim Gauck (isithombe ethulwa ngenhla siliqinisekise) kuyinto igunya zokuziphatha lonke Germany. Isilinganiselwa "ophikisana nenqubo kahulumeni wangaphambili" uyakhula - kwaba umphakathi German ngaphezulu sibalo kukhanga kunanoma Kristian Vulf. He is a figure lapho lihlobene eduze inguquko enokuthula GDR. ngesibindi futhi engesabi Gauck alwa ngenxa yezinkolelo zakhe, ngaso sonke isikhathi ukhuluma ngokusuka enhliziyweni, futhi wabenzelani sesifunda sakhe, ngeke sikhohlwe izakhamuzi zawo.

Ngakho, manje sesiyazi ukuthi ubani umengameli we-Germany - waseLuthela, isishoshovu anticommunist futhi umuntu onomusa kakhulu. umphakathi German akusilo ize babembheka umuntu okufanelekele ukwethenjwa. iminyaka yakhe eminingi nakho kuyosisiza ukuba sifinyelele imigomo yezwe elinamandla, Germany isiye yaba ngcono ngisho.