Umlando eArabhiya Iraq

France uzama ukuqinisa usithonye e Oman ukuze uthole isizinda zasolwandle commercial nakwezempi emnyango ePersian Gulf, waphikisana Oman sigaba. ukungqubuzana Anglo-French yaphela nge sivumelwano ebucayini phezu 1862 eNgilandi naseFrance wayeziqaphela "ukuzimela" ka Muscat futhi eZanzibar. Ngakho, France wabuyisana kwesigaba Oman sika; England ibilokhu yavuma ngamazwi "ukuzimela" yakhe ukuze empeleni ngokushesha ukuphazamisa wakhe. Iminyaka ecishe ibe yishumi (1862-1871 GG.) Oman laligcwele ngumuntu kuvukela ethandwa ngokumelene upopayi British Sultan Suveyni (1856-1866 GG.). Lezi yokuvukela yayisekelwa Wahhabi Najd, ufisa ukubuyisela amandla yayo yangaphambili e Oman. Ngokuphambene isivumelwano ngo-1862 eNgilandi obala wangenela endabeni Omani. It enikeziwe Suveyni izibhamu nemikhumbi ukulwa nabantu, ngamabhomu amadolobha oyisichwensi kanye nemizana, ngaphambilini imilutha ke yizikhulu silondoloze protégé yabo. Ababusi lwaseBrithani Muscat wasiza ezoqeda ukuvukela kwakuqale ethandwa.

Ngo-1861, iBrithani wanithwesa protectorate sivumelwano Sheikh of Bahrain Island. Lesi sivumelwano ngokuqondile Turkey nasePheresiya, ngalinye elikwazi kubhekwa Bahrain elaliyifa lakhe. Ngo-1865, ngesikhathi sokuhlubuka e-Oman, ohlala English Gulf langena inhlokodolobha Wahhabi al-Riyadh futhi wasitholela sivumelwano ukuthi umbusi Wahhabi uhlaziyo hhayi zokubasiza ezihlubukini Omani. In ukubuya, eBrithani walungiselela Najd ngincome njalo kusukela Oman. Esikhathini 50s eBritish ethumba the oluseningizimu ye-Arabhiya futhi isiqhingi Perim isiqhingi-Muriyya curiae. Umlando eArabhiya Iraq.

Waqinisa isikhundla eBrithani Iraq, lapho-yalolucwaningo 60 senkampani esungulwe Lynch emfuleni navigation iTigrisi - phakathi iBaghdad futhi Basra. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, Basra seyixhunyaniswe njalo "Luzoba njani uhambo IsiZulu ngemikhumbi emachwebeni of Gulf neNdiya, futhi emva kuvulwa Suez Canal futhi emachwebeni of Europe. Esikhathini esifanayo, i-British luqhutshwa Iraq umugqa East Indian Telegraph. Zonke lezi zinyathelo ziye zaba nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni ukuhweba British ne Iraq nasePheresiya (sisendleleni ngokusebenzisa Iraq). abathengisi IsiZulu akhishwa kusukela Iraq okusanhlamvu, uvolo, izinsuku. Ukufika izimpahla British kwaholela uyincithakalo neyezandla yasendaweni.

Ngo-1869, Baghdad wamiswa Midhat Pasha, umlobi esizayo yomthethosisekelo Turkish. Ngaphansi kokubusa Midhat Pasha ukucindezelwa Turkish uthathé ifomu ezinzima kakhulu. Midhat ekhokhwa ayimizulane kanye lulwimi ayimizulane izizwe zama-Arabhu nezintela ophakeme ethi kuye obungantengantengi izinkokhelo zabo, disarmed izizwe zaphoqa fellahin futhi zamaBedouin ukukhonza inkonzo yezempi ngo-ibutho Turkish. Lezi "ezintsha" futhi ngokuthi 1869 kwaba nesiteleka esikhulu izizwe zama-Arabhu, eyayihunyushwe okwalapha ukuyiveza ngu Midhat. Umlando eArabhiya Iraq.