Yini kuyinhlekelele izincwadi: yencazelo

ukuphila komuntu zipendwe ngemibala ehlukile nge ezihlukahlukene shades ngezinye izikhathi ezicashile. Wonke umuntu ejwayelene ngamazwi anjengokuthi "munyu uthando", "ukufa voluptuous" noma ngokuthi "ukunambitheka kwaba ngukunqoba." Ngamunye wabo inhlanganisela into kungabonakali ecacile futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo akusho ekhona ngempela. a Ukuzindla okunjalo etemibhalo ehilela ka isisindo womuntu umphefumulo imizwa kanye nakho kwenza ukuba bahlole izinto ezijwayelekile, okwenza okucebile futhi ezimibalabala ngaphezulu. Human izinkanuko, imizwa nemizwelo kulo ukuthuthukiswa impucuko bebelokhu into ukunakwa zefilosofi phansi emakhulwini okuqala eminyaka, bese benza nabahloli bamazwe entsha komphefumulo womuntu - abalobi.

Kuyini ukuphila kwethu? ..

Ngempela, yini? Isethi ye izenzakalo ezingahleliwe noma ukukhishwa njalo unomphela ezichazwe ngaphambilini? Injabulo zokuphila, noma ukuba munyu kokwazi nullity yakhe? Ngokwengxenye enkulu, ukuphila komuntu iqoqo imizwa futhi emizweni, imibala e ithoni emnyama phambi ukukhanya futhi bejabule. Ngayinye yalezi imibala kuyadingeka ngoba ukuphelela ukuqonda futhi emizweni ubuqotho zomhlaba. Futhi izincwadi unika umuntu kahle ukuthi wayengeke abangakaze bakwazi ukuzwa empilweni yangempela. Bengingeke ngibe nesikhathi esanele, ezempilo, futhi okuningi ke.

Kuyinto ngenxa izincwadi zesintu usefunde futhi namanje ukufunda sengqondo. Ngosizo tetemibhalo umuntu akwazi ukuhlukanisa ebuhlungu fun, baseness we sublime futhi okuhle lokubi. isiqalo Ukusangana njalo elihlobene ne imizwa, inkanuko. Noma ngabe uhleko ongalawuleki noma ngokulambisa sobs esivaliwe - konke bazikhandla befuna ingcebo, kodwa guises zalo ezihlukahlukene.

Igcizelela drama iqiniso

Ezikhathini dodrevnegrecheskie abantu ngandlela-thile ngokudlula legends evamile, lapho kuphela akhuluma ngokuphonswa ubuqhawe of izinhlamvu yeqhawe. Namanje ukwethula lyrical, luyingxenye yangasese, ekuqaleni okuyinto isivuno nakho kwangaphakathi elihlobene ne Ukunganeliseki ngokwengqondo nangokomoya, noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, injabulo angenakuvinjwa olutholwa izinzwa.

AmaGreki asendulo ukuhlanganisa le mithombo futhi isasasa (ngokwezwi nezwi okusho "isenzo"), okuyinto has a imvelo zobuqhawe lyrical zezincwadi esidlule. Isisekelo idrama waqala ukuzijabulisa, Kunikezelwa kulabo noma abanye onkulunkulu, eqinisweni, uhlobo lwemihlatshelo ngethemba esikhathini esizayo ukuphila okunomsoco futhi bajabule.

Lokho izinhlobo amadlingozi - satyr play, comedy nhlekelele - okwaholela ukuthi imibhalo Usesondelene ekuphileni kwangempela, ungumuntu ongokoqobo, wangempela, kunokuba umphakathi oqanjiwe. Futhi kwaba intuthuko. Ngoba lokho kuyinhlekelele futhi amahlaya eGrisi lasendulo? Ukuthatha ekuqaleni imidlalo isiko futhi sigubha behlonipha Dionysus, le nhlekelele futhi amahlaya maduze babe abameleli oyinhloko izinhlobo waseshashalazini nokulotshwa, okwembula izici ezimbi kakhulu ukuphila emphakathini. Ukuhlanganisa wangempela, ingxenye enkulu ntu futhi kumnandi, "zomkhosi", okuyinto kwaba kuzalwa wethemba nomphumela omuhle futhi ukunqoba ukukhanya phezu amnyama, lezi izinhlobo babé yekucala ukuthuthukiswa isiko, hhayi kuphela amaGreki, kodwa futhi ezinye izizwe.

Ukuqala nezinezinhlekelele kakhulu izincwadi

Yini kuyinhlekelele izincwadi? I incazelo yalokhu eside ifomu onomfutho lisitshela ukuthi lo msebenzi, okuyinto kufakazela okukhulu. Lichaza uhlola eduze ukuhlupheka noma iqhawe noma umndeni wakhe, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kusukela iphuzu Ngenxa isimiso zokuziphatha. Lokhu ukuhlupheka kumele iyokhushulwa futhi zokuziphatha eziphakeme. Enkabeni yalo kuyinhlekelele zokuziphatha komkhiqizo, ephoqa umfundi nemlingisi lomcoka endzabeni kanye benamandla isimo sakhe sengqondo.

Manje, lapho sekumcacela ukuthi into ebuhlungu njengaleyo, wonke umuntu angakwazi uyaqaphela sihlaziye izincwadi, okuyinto wayeke wazifunda. Asikhumbule angabhekani nosizi lokukhulelwa Yempucuko, futhi muva nje - inkathi abantu baseSoviet, lokubonakala nokugcwala kwalo okushiwo uhlobo.

Inhlekelele njengoba uhlobo

Uyini nhlekelele njengoba uhlobo yobuciko? Ngokungafani ifomu luyingxenye tetemibhalo, uhlobo esibuhlungu kusho ukukhiqiza esiteji futhi elinesimo yokugcina-inhlekelele. Kwadingeka nokucija ezithile ubudlelwane Okuyınqo, libhekene yangaphakathi ukuphikisana namaqhawe. Uthi umbukiso izingxabano ezijulile futhi langempela indlela ocebile kakhulu futhi ngempela okukhulu. Futhi kuze kube sezingeni lokuba lokhu kungqubuzana bese ngokoqobo Generating kwabo, baba uhlobo incazelo kwezobuciko, ngokuvamile ezidabukisayo kakhulu.

Eqaphela ukuthi into ebuhlungu njengaleyo eGreece yasendulo, ngaphambi kokufunda imisebenzi ebhalwe Aeschylus, oSophocles ebafanisa nababhali kamuva, umuntu angabona umugqa ecacile phambili "imbuzi ingoma" (inguqulo yezwi nezwi nhlekelele), kokuthutha imithetho lasendulo ngesiGreki yaseshashalazini art ngokuthi isiphi isigaba sayo xxi leminyaka.

High ayikwazi enokuziphakamisa

Kodwa naphezu kwazo zonke bokubanga zalesi sibhicongo ezichazwe imisebenzi ezihlukahlukene izinkanyezi emhlabeni tetemibhalo, ingasaphathwa ukuthi akalokothi kweqa phezu kombundu ethile okungafanele umehluko phakathi kwento engokoqobo nasezindabeni eziqanjiwe. Ubalekela umoya wokwethembana kumbhali thwali of imibono, inselele umfundi futhi uyawuthanda ke. Awukwazi kube Eqinisweni zokuziphatha ukubulawa okuthusayo ngobuqotho. Ngakho-ke, ephezulu grade izincwadi futhi dramaturgy grandiloquence namahloni, kanjalo anike yimuphi yesehlakalo esibuhlungu, hero edabukisayo halo yokufel 'ukholo ngempela kodwa hhayi ngamanga.

Kuye kwanyatheliswa izincwadi njengesibuko yomlando

Yini kuyinhlekelele izincwadi? Incazelo sikunikeze. imfundo Isihloko izizukulwane kwezenzakalo ezibuhlungu esidlule ibaluleke kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili sokuthuthukiswa izizukulwane ezizayo. Yebo, ngaso sonke isikhathi lokho yayinezinto eziningi, isibonelo, inkathi nekhulu lokuqala ngemva kokusungulwa kobuKristu, futhi emenza ukukhanya emisebenzini okukhulu, sisizwa zimo ezibuhlungu noma ukufa kabuhlungu amaqhawe bhekana okubi, ukwakha umphakathi omusha nge ubudlelwano obusha, ngeke namuhla funa. Kodwa izinhlamvu edabukisayo esidlule ingasatholakala izici simo nebalingisi bendzaba kubantu abaningi abaphila ngesikhathi sethu. Futhi akuyona isizathu, ebhekisela kwezinsizi efanayo OSophocles futhi Aeschylus, besaqhubeka izinhlamvu ezintsha, bakwazi ukumelana nakho konke ebumnyameni futhi efile futhi ngezibhakela eya enempilo elikhanyayo, ehlanzekile!