Umkhakha Latvia: izindwangu, izimpahla zokugqoka, ukudoba amber. Riga senqola Works. umkhakha Ukudla

Abantu abaningi ngandlela-thile ngokungenangqondo bakholelwa ukuthi Latvia - ezweni okuyinto cishe lutho ikhiqizwa. Yebo, ngeshwa, ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union, le Baltic Amandla amancane sihlangabezane esibucayi ezinzima kwezomnotho ngenxa igebe eminyakeni ngokunembile ukulungiswa kwezincazelo ubudlelwane kwezomnotho nezezimboni namanye amazwe ayengaphansi kweSoviet. Kodwa, muva nje, isivele kungenzeka ukuba sisho ngokuqiniseka: embonini Latvian uyaphila ngisho iveza izimpawu ukukhula. Le timu sibheka ngokuningiliziwe enkulu esihlokweni.

Ukudla kanye nendwangu

umkhakha Khanyisa nokudla - lawa sphere kwemnotfo isimo Latvian kazwelonke, okuyinto kancane kancane ukwandisa isivinini eminyakeni yamuva. Yebo, le nqubo akuyona okushesha njengokungena ingase oyifunayo, kodwa Dynamics siyisikhuthazo, futhi Riga knitwear ukuqala ukuba lusebenze hhayi kuphela endaweni Latvia, kodwa futhi kwamanye amazwe emhlabeni.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukudla kanye isiphuzo ukukhululwa inikeza ingxenye yesine yayo yonke engenayo wezwe Imininingwane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo njalo ezitolo, ungabona imikhiqizo zendawo ukuthi yayikade amazwe ezazivela ngaphandle. Food Services Latvia emakethe yasekhaya imelelwa abadlali ezinkulu ezifana: Rigas piena kombināts, Dobeles dzirnavnieks, Antaris, Rigas dzirnavnieks, Aloja-starkelsen, Cido grupa, Balticovo, Puratos, Spilve.

Ukuqashwa Latvia embonini yezokudla igxile nokuthengiswa isekelé ushizi, ibhotela, ubisi, inhlanzi okusemathinini, izithelo kanye berry amalungiselelo, ukhukhamba, okusanhlamvu kanye nemikhiqizo inyama, ukudla okunoshukela utshwala neziphuzo ezibandayo. Konke lokhu kuza ngisho e-US, South Africa, United Arab Emirates. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eLithuania, eLatvia, Estonia ozakwethu njalo womshini imikhiqizo ukudla.

Ngokuqondene umkhakha ukukhanya, inkampani enkulu kunazo zonke e Latvia kule ingxenye yomnotho, isimiso, akukho. Ukukhethwa kuyinto Lauma kuphela endaweni yokukhanda. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, basembonini yendwangu inikeza mayelana 4% weholo zezimboni wezwe. Nokho, kubakhiqizi bendawo kaningi sisho ukuthi bayakwazi ukwandisa umthamo imikhiqizo, kodwa kukhona Ukushoda okukhulu zomsebenzi namakhono. Izinkampani ezingu owaziwa kukhona Stora Enso Latvija, Verems, Gaujas koks, Pata AB, BSW, Latsin.

Ingxenye ebalulekile textile kusengathiwa udaba oluhle Lingerie, izinga kanye nomklamo eliye kuyancomeka emibukisweni eminingi yamazwe ngamazwe eYurophu futhi WaseRussia. Abaklami Latvia uye baqashelwa emhlabeni wonke, ngoba ngokuvamile ababandakanyeka ezihlukahlukene ibonisa eziningi zokugqoka. Riga knitwear obonwa amakhasimende amaningi emhlabeni wonke nge imikhiqizo high.

Isici esiphawulekayo imidondoshiya of abathungela Latvia ngukutsi ngokushesha afeze imiyalo yabo. Lokhu Lwenziwe ngenxa yokuthi lesi sitshalo esebenzisa ubuchwepheshe yesimanje: laser ukusika izindwangu, ngokunciphisa yesikhathi esifushane neyezinto udaba izindwangu amanzi.

Khipha iphepha nezinkuni imikhiqizo

Latvia Ubuye umkhakha e isimo sawo futhi kwenkululeko cellulose. Lokhu umkhakha inikeza imali ngaphezulu kwesabelomali wombuso inani 2% walo lonke ivolumu imvelo zezimboni ekhona. Naphezu Ngenani eliphansi ezinjalo, ukunyatheliswa Latvian libonisa ukuthi kuwukuthatheka yemincintiswane ezimakethe zomhlaba. Manje njengoba sekube nesicelo mkhuba omuhle: abakhiqizi Latvian lephepha uhambe ngendlela embi, ezisukela nokuthengisa imikhiqizo imvelo nje kuphela emazweni angomakhelwane emazweni aseScandinavia, kodwa futhi ekhoneni entshonalanga we yezwekazi laseYurophu.

umkhakha Chemical

Lena isiqondiso umnotho kunikeza cishe 3% wezindleko etholakalayo amandla okukhipha. republic Latvian ukhiqiza anhlobonhlobo amakhemikhali zasendlini kanye amagesi ezimbonini. indima sína eyadlalwa ukukhiqizwa owakhiwa ngezitshalo. Abahlanganyeli ebaluleke kunazo zonke kulesi sigaba emakethe kungenziwa kubhekwe njengento Riga upende kwemboni, Tenachem, Bio-Venta, Stenders. Izwe bukhicite opende, izinto priming, glues - konke lokhu ekhiqizwa 14 amabhizinisi eLatvia. Futhi, isimo amakhemikhali inkampani ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo ukhonkolo, tile Ceramic, imikhiqizo Gypsum.

I Latvian Institute izifundo ezikhethekile olwenziwa i-chemistry wezinto ezingaphili ukuthi uvumele ukuza ukuthuthukiswa ephezulu lokushisa zamagama ukuthola umphumela nanopowders.

kwemithi

"Titans" Kwangempela umkhakha abhekwa inkampani Olainfarm un Grindeks. imikhiqizo yabo ingatholakala kalula nganoma iyiphi ekhemisi yezwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo on izithende zabo iqala ngenkuthalo ukuhlasela Silvanols inkampani. Pharmaceutical ebanjwa Treasury State inani elilingana 2.5% yevolumu wayo wango.

Kuba yisikhathi futhi lapho umkhiqizi ezinkulu eziphilayo zamagama umkhakha kubhekwe Institute. Ochwepheshe bezifo, imboni eyenza imithi i-kakhulu isu ingxenye ukuthuthukiswa abakhethiwe, ngokusekelwe kokuqondisa obuncane (ukuthuthukiswa nokudalwa imithi ejwayelekile futhi izithasiselo zokudla).

ngokukhethekile kufanele kube Silvanols ibhizinisi, onguchwepheshe ukukhiqizwa non-kadokotela imithi, okuncike kuphela iqukethe izithako zemvelo. Asinakuwushalazela inkampani Pharmidea oveza amafomu oyinyumba nemijovo.

Uma kushiwo izifundo zofuzo Latvia kulesi siqondiso abazenzi ngendlela ecacile, omunye angase athi ngisho ngokuhambisana esiqinile nomthetho wezwe. Zonke izinto ezintsha ibhaliswe bese wamukela patent okuhambisanayo Patent weRiphabhulikhi.

ezokuthutha

amabhizinisi Ezokuthutha eLatvia kakhulu ethuthukiswe ngokusebenzisa kahle kuhlelwe Logistics isimo. Finyelela ezingu 25 amakhasimende ngazo zonke Baltic esifundeni kungaba njengoba kancane njengoba 48 amahora. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi emzileni wesitimela ezabekwa babeza besuka eRiga China, ungakwazi ukushayela ngoba ngenyanga ngokushesha kunokuba ku enqamulelayo ulwandle. Futhi babeza besuka eRiga Airport engafinyelelwa amaphuzu ababalelwa ekhulwini kumephu jikelele, kanye izindiza abazenzi hhayi kuphela e-Europe kodwa futhi ulwandle i-Atlantic.

Izimbobo efana Ventspils futhi Liepaja, hhayi kwi freezer ngisho ebusika, obanika ithuba ukuthatha uwoyela ongahluziwe nemikhiqizo petroleum unyaka wonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi izimbobo usethe esishintshashintshayo ekhethekile kwezomnotho ukuze kwakhiwe isimo ibhizinisi kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali. inzuzo ngaphandle kwemibandela ngalawa masango ulwandle ukuthi banalo ezingaba omkhulu ngesimo izindawo ezibalulwa kanjena ngokufanele.

Futhi, eLithuania, eLatvia, Estonia oxhumene nezithuthi zomphakathi ngamazwe obizwa Via Baltica. Ezinye zezindawo ezibekwe eqhulwini ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokwakhiwa Logistics izikhungo isabelo sokwaba ezokuthutha kwemali, amapaki zezimboni.

Rubber and plastic

Umkhakha eLatvia, okungukuthi kwenkululeko ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo injoloba kanye plastic, ebe naye ezizwa kanjalo kakhulu abathengi zendawo, ngenxa ngezinga eliphezulu lomsebenzi abakhi. Kuyoba ngendlela enomqondo kuqashelwe ukuthi le umkhakha nje lowo uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo zamakhasimende yasekhaya, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuba enqabe ukungenisa kulesi siqondiso. Plastic iraba ivumela ukwenza Amandla yengcebo 2.3% we umthamo Imininingwane yemali engenayo.

Amabhizinisi eyaziwa kakhulu kukhona Evopipes, Rotons, Poliurs, Baltijas gumijas fabrika, Sunningdale Tech, Fedak-Amafilimu, HGF Riga.

Ulwazi nobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana

Lomkhakha kwemnotfo Latvia waqala ukuthuthukiswa yayo asebenzayo 1960. Senzeka ngaleso sikhathi wavula Isikhungo Mathematics and Computer Science kanye ne-Institute of Electronics. Ngu-World Wide Web, Latvia ixhunywe ku-1992. Ngokwe-2016 Republic of Latvia yaba phakathi kwamazwe eziyishumi yimuphi umyalo omkhulu kunayo isivinini inthanethi, futhi isevisi uqobo itholakala ku-90% sabantu bendawo.

I izigatshana eyinhloko wemboni Imininingwane wezwe kungase kubhekwe njengokwelapha ukuthuthukiswa software, ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza zeselula, izinhlelo lokukhokha, ukuhlinzekwa ibamba, kumiswa e-commerce.

izibalo ezisemthethweni uthi ngo-2015 ingxenye ulwazi izinkampani wezwe ezingaphezu kuka-6,000 ababehilelekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo 114 kuphela wabo babehilelekile ngokunembile yokukhiqiza imishini computer. Inani labantu abasebenza IT-sphere zaba abantu abangaphezu kuka-28 000. Nokho, abalingani main zebhizinisi Latvia enkundleni ngamazwe kukhona Sweden neMelitha.

Kulesi republic Baltic esetshenziswa kakhulu amasevisi e-commerce iyona intanethi yebhange, ngenxa usebe lwayo eziningi Latvian esesikwenzile imiphumela emihle yomsebenzi wabo.

Futhi, izwe ezithembisa isiqondiso is dalo of zokusebenza zeselula uhlelo electronic kahulumeni, Ministry of Health, neziphathimandla zendawo.

Ehlobo lika-2012 IT-Center wavulwa e Riga, injongo eyinhloko ukudalwa okwakukhona ukunikeza ithuba yazi nge impumelelo entsha wemboni bonke comers. Lesi sikhungo kakade esiwavakashele isibalo esikhulu sabantu, kuhlanganise amathimba uhulumeni bakwamanye amazwe.

Ukusebenza imishini

Umkhakha eLatvia Kuyinto engacabangeki ngaphandle isiqoqi sama-softwe nokucubungula metal. Lo mkhakha umnotho ethembisayo kuleli zwe, ngoba ukutshala izinkampani abaningi bezinye izizwe.

izinto zobuchwepheshe obuphambili obusetshenziswa embonini Nokho, mayelana nezindlela ezivamile futhi ungakhohlwa. Kuze kube manje izinkampani Latvian baye kabusha sinombono usethe ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ukuthekelisa ngamakhasimende.

Over 2015 ubunjiniyela nensimbi wanika isimo yengcebo euro 1.1 bhiliyoni, ngenkathi ngo-2016 lesi sibalo isivele ifinyelele bhiliyoni 3.3. Over 70% ukukhiqizwa phesheya. I abathengi eziyinhloko: Estonia, i-Russia, eJalimane, eSweden, Denmark.

izivumelwano zesikhathi eside esayiniwe sibonga professional ingxenye yokuthi iningi izitifiketi izinga ukhishwa ISO 9000 izinkampani Latvian.

It kudingeka siyinake ngokukhethekile Riga senqola Works. It yasungulwa ngo-1985, u-Oscar Freyvirtom. Le nkampani ezikhethekile ekukhiqizeni izitimela kagesi diesel, streetcars edolobheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo futhi kwenziwe kanye nokulungiswa imishini ujantshi. Nokho, ngeshwa, ngo-1997, inkampani edume kwathiwa yimali futhi izimpahla zayo ithengiswe off. Namuhla lesi sitshalo usebenza futhi, diesel isitimela yayo DR1B ubelokhu eqashelwa njengoba umkhiqizo best ethengwe eLatvia ngo-2005.

Izinkuni namaHlathi

Ukuqashwa Latvia ihlathi ezinkampani, eqinisweni, enikela inkonzo yomphakathi, ngoba cishe 50% kwamahlathi wezwe - impahla isimo futhi ilawulwa kubo. Esikhathini esidlule 80 iminyaka endaweni ihlathi kuleli zwe liye landa cishe kabili. amahlathi Latvian zisesimweni esingcono uma iqhathaniswa naso sonke kwamahlathi emhlabeni, ngenxa yesimo jikelele oncomekayo, futhi emasimini kulendawo banda njalo.

Mayelana 75% imikhiqizo ngesisekelo ukhuni athunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Ngo-2015, imali engenayo evela ekuthengisweni kwemikhiqizo ukhuni izinto zokusetshenziswa zaba 2-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane. Ngaphezu imithi izingodo, qala ukuze wandise ivolumu lemikhiqizo amakhadibhodi, iphepha, emabhokisini ngokhuni, izinto zokwakha.

Amakhasimende esemqoka ye umkhakha kukhona United Kingdom, eJalimane, eSweden, abathenga izimpahla ezivela ezinkampanini Avoti SWF, Daiļrade koks, Eliza-K, Pinus GB, nabanye.

imikhiqizo Ubucwebe izimonyo

Ubucwebe sphere eLatvia nayo athuthukiswe kahle. Amasiko eenkhulwini Latvian inakekelwa kuze kube yilolu suku. Funda icala mncane ngakho kungaba Latvian Academy of Arts, izikole e Ventspils, Kraslava, Jelgava. Amber imigexo evela ogwini oLwandle iBaltic ibe nenani akhethekile kakhulu angcolile endaweni professional futhi abathengi. Ngemva iziphepho oluseningizimu Ventspils eLatvia abathandi ubucwebe kweqiniso ngokuvamile kakhulu ukuqoqa le gem. Ngokuvamile, ngokomlando ligijima Latvia Amber Road kusukela oLwandle iBaltic eRoma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlaka zokuhloba lizwe asetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izesekeli kanye nendwangu.

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kule republic Baltic iyikhaya eziningana impela ephezulu imigexo izingcweti abaqhubeka emasikweni ekhazimulayo wawoyise.

indaba Special uyakufanelekela izimonyo "Dzintars". Le nkampani kusekelwe eRiga. okukhethekile wakhe is dalo amakha, izithako amakhambi, izimonyo. Ithimba enezisebenzi 400.

Phakathi kuka-1998 kuya ku-2004, le nkampani kabusha, lapho uthole isitifiketi kusukela inkampani kuhlaziywe-German. I eqinile Sekuyisikhathi eside kwadingeka imibhalo eqinisekisa izinga imikhiqizo yayo - ISO 14001, ISO 9001 futhi-ISO /-IEC 17025. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkampani waklonyeliswa umklomelo ohlonishwa Umhlaba Intellectual Property Inhlangano. Futhi ngo-2010, "Dzintars" ochwepheshe wathola ilayisense ngamazwe Ecocert.