Ukwelashwa izindawo endawo amanzi ezikhukhula: incazelo, umklamo kanye ukubala

Ukwelashwa izakhiwo amanzi ezikhukhula isetshenziselwa wokuhlanza zezimboni, kwamanzi kanye lamanzi anokugcola. Ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso lelipelwe emthethweni neziqondiso phambi osenyameni emadanyini amanzi noma imvula kamasipala ukukhucululwa kwemfucuza kanye namanzi angcolile, kubalulekile ukuba ubambe uchungechunge nemicimbi ekhethekile. Umgomo wabo oyinhloko - ukwandisa izinga lalolu ketshezi ukuhlanzwa ukusetha izinkomba.

sphere kwesicelo

Endaweni ukwelashwa izindawo ngoba ezikhukhula esetshenziswa izitshalo zezimboni, amasayithi yezimboni eyahlukene, iziteshi uphethiloli, emafektri nokunye. P., Ezindaweni ezindaweni nge nezindawo zokuhlala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo ezinjalo kukhona ukusetshenziswa, kanye nangaphandle kwemigwaqo ngenxa ukuphampa amanzi evele yabo. Kuye uhlobo ukungcola kwamanzi angcolile, izinga yabo wokuhlanza izidingo ezahlukene. Izinga enkulu ukungcoliswa anokungcola kubhekwe petroleum futhi eziqinile ezihlukahlukene okwesikhashana.

Akekho ongabaza ukuthi izakhiwo ekwelapheni amanzi ezikhukhula abaluleke kakhulu. Lokhu kusebenza ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho imithombo zitholakala, kusukela lezi zinhlelo hhayi kuphela ngendlela ukwelapha emanzini bese zenza kube ephephile imvelo ekhethekile, kodwa futhi ukuba asilungise kabusha.

Ukukhethwa izinhlelo ezifana kunqunywa izici eziningana:

• Pipeline nesenzakalo ukujula;
• okuhlushwa emanzini kwanoma iyiphi ezingcolisa ngokufaka uhlelo uqobo;
• umthamo izitshalo ukwelashwa indle;
• ubumsulwa ecacisiwe obuvumelana ukudedelwa kwamanzi ku endle kamasipala noma yimuphi omunye emanzini amaningi.

Izinhlobo nosayizi amasistimu

Evamile, ukwelashwa izakhiwo amanzi ezikhukhula zingahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili:

• izinhlelo avaliwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amanzi ngokusebenzisa amapayipi kanye nesihibe itheku Street samaqanda futhi lingashajwa ngokusebenzisa amapayipi ukuze izindawo lapho kukhona osenyameni noma isitoreji.
• Vula izinhlelo. Kulokhu, amanzi ageleza phansi oluhlala kobuso iziteshi emikhombeni esikhaleni ukuba kususwe.

izinhlelo ezinjalo ukwelashwa izindawo ngokuvamile ithela izithelo ngesimo izitsha ovundlile usebenzisa izinto ezahlukene ezifana ukhonkolo, fiberglass, ongaphakeme ukuminyana polyethylene noma insimbi. Ngokuphathelene usayizi yabo, encike ngqo kwi endaweni kusukela lapho amanzi angcolile kuyinto sigameko, kanye izimo zezulu we endaweni ethize, izindawo ukudedelwa kwamanzi ngendlela efanele futhi uhlobo into.

Ngokuvamile setha inhlanganisela benzoulovitelya nesihlabathi izingibe. ubungako bawo zingase zishintshe kakhulu, futhi kalula ukufakwa futhi ukulethwa zivame ibekwe in iphasela single. Uma namadreni yokusetha kabusha kwenzeka emanzini evulekile, ukwengeza peskonefteuloviteley ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo ngisho nangemva-ekwelapheni amabhlogo amalahle, isb. E. Sorption izihlungi.

Amasistimu ipasipoti zabo

Modular ukwelashwa izakhiwo amanzi ezikhukhula abagijima ngokuncintisana ukufakwa ekhethekile - peskonefteulovitelya. Ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi owenziwa kulezi iziqukathi manholes wenza ukuzilondoloza. Kudlulwa cleaner Modular, kwamanzi ukulahla imikhiqizo kaphethiloli futhi ukungcola ahlukahlukene. Ukubalwa kokuqala kwenziwa izinhlobo ngenhla yokungcola kukhona conglomerates pellet, ifilimu, emulsion zamabanga aphansi naphezulu, kanti eyesibili - izinhlayiya trudnoosazhdaemye, udaka isihlabathi nge kwabantu okukhulu kuka-1500 kg / m, kanye nemfucuza ungafunga uthi zintanta ebusweni.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinhlelo zokukhiqiza ifektri njalo passport ezakhiweni ukwelashwa lesichotho endle, ukuhambisana kanye sanitary-epidemiological izitifiketi esiphethweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umakhi kumele unike isiqinisekiso ngokuba uphawu izindlu. Ngokuvamile kuba iminyaka engu-10.

Kuyini peskonefteulovitel ukuthini futhi kusebenza kanjani

Lo mkhiqizo isilinda, ngokuvamile ezenziwe ongaphakeme ukuminyana polyethylene. Lokhu kukunika ke i amandla angaphezu kwavamile, ukumelana kwezimo ezingezinhle zangaphandle kanye nekhono kalula uthumele umphumela abezindaba ahlukahlukene ezonakalisayo.

peskonefteulovitelya umsebenzi siqukethe degrees amahlanu amanzi angcolile uhlanzekile:

1. Khama kahle. Kulesi sigaba, ukwenqaba eyinhloko izinhlayiya ezinkulu ewa amandla adonsela phansi kuze kufike phansi.
2. Izacile-ifilimu mojuli. Kuhlukanisa ukudla okuqinile imisiwe, kanye conglomerates uwoyela ukugqashuka futhi zintanta ebusweni esiyinhloko emulsion amaconsi ukuhlanganisa futhi kwenzekani amapuleti hydrophobic.
3. isihlungi Sorption. Injongo yalo - ukuze bamba izinhlayiya kwemikhiqizo kaphethiloli ezingafakwanga e plate hydrophobic, esisogwini module mncane-ifilimu. Sorption fiberfill, esemgwaqweni lemifanekiso izindlu, ise eliphezulu umthamo futhi selectivity ezisemqoka esindayo, aphakathi nendawo kanye petroleum ukukhanya.
4. Coalescing iyunithi. Ukhuthaza ukwehlukana izinhlayiya uwoyela ziyabuya kwamanzi yilezi kunangendlela 0.2 mm.
5. Carbon isihlungi aftertreatment. It ligcwele sorbent ekhethekile abakhethayo bonke imikhiqizo kaphethiloli.

projecting

Njengoba ayaziwa ngaphakathi ibhizinisi futhi yama yodwa gas esiteshini njalo ukunqwabelana amanzi emvula futhi meltwater, ofuna ukubonisa futhi kabusha ngaphandle phansi noma emanzini.
Ukuhlola ukuthi yimaphi ama ukwelashwa izindawo ziyadingeka, odinga ukukwazi ulwazi olulandelayo:

• ukufana nevolumu angcolile;
• Ukwakheka ukungcola namanzi;
• kwemigomo komhlaba kanye nezwe.

Design ukwelashwa izindawo kumasayithi ukukhiqizwa amanzi ezikhukhula kudinga, okokuqala kunakho konke, ukucacisa lapho iqembu into. Kukhona ngezigaba eziklanyelwe NII VODGEO, uhlukanisa abantu ngeenqhema. Eyokuqala surface kanye ibhizinisi, ukusebenzisa-off kuyiphi zifana ukubunjwa ukuba amanzi nezindawo zokuhlala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ziqukethe yezici ezithile ezinobuthi kanye nezinye.

Isigaba sesibili sihlanganisa ezindaweni wamabhizinisi, okuyindawo ebusweni amanzi emifula nge ukungcola ezilimazayo efanayo kungenzeka. Bese ukhetha uhlobo kakhulu kohlelo zobuchwepheshe, futhi ekupheleni ukwenza izibalo kanye ukucacisa ezifanele ukwelashwa izindawo lesichotho endle.

izibalo ezidingekayo

Izibalo iyashiyana ngesikhathi ezikhethiwe. Lapho usebenzisa i-ukugeleza ngaphandle wesifunda averager, ukwakhiwa kuyakhethwa nangokunquma ukugeleza emvula. Udinga ukwazi izimfanelo lezibalo imvula emzaneni othile, futhi isici snip sokunquma kwamanzi. Lapho izitshalo ukwelashwa ukubala ezikhukhula izolungela ekugcineni akhethiwe ezifanele imodeli uhlelo.

umkhiqizo

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukusebenza izakhiwo kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba ncibilika ingelashwa, amanzi ezikhukhula kungaba yingozi kakhulu kokubili izakhiwo kanye nezinhlaka, futhi insimu yonke ibhizinisi. Iyingozi chemical ezingcolisa eziqukethwe amanzi angcolile kungalimaza ungangenisi amanzi, okuyinto igcwele ukubhujiswa izisekelo kanye engaphansi ukuxhumana zobunjiniyela. Umswakama aqoqana phezu timphawu tesakhiwo, kunomthelela ukubukeka ukhunta, nakho kungabangela kubo ukulimaza ungalungiseki. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kanye nokusebenza ukwelashwa izakhiwo amanzi ezikhukhula kubaluleke kakhulu, hhayi kuphela ngenxa yokuthi lokhu okudingwa iziphathimandla kwemvelo, kodwa futhi, ngokuyinhloko, ngenxa yezizathu eziphathekayo.

izinhlelo ukukhweza

Kukhona inqubo ethile owawuthi olufakayo izitshalo ukwelashwa indle. Okokuqala, ngosizo ubuchwepheshe noma ngesandla umbe imisele eziningana futhi imigodi usayizi edingekayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kunesidingo, phansi zabo concreted. Ngemva kwalokho, bonke ukufakwa impatho umkhiqizo izingxenye ku preformed ngokufanele beka bese izakhi isakhiwo kuthiwa ngci kanye ungangenisi amanzi. Isigaba lokugcina emsebenzini liqukethe sigcwalisa inhlabathi.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi le design ngempumelelo zokukhuculula indle incike ngokunemba kokuqhuba cwaningo kudingekile, uphenyo kanye izibalo, ngoba ngisho iphutha elincane kungaba nomthelela izikhukhula ezweni nokulimaza iningi ohlelweni yokuhlanza.