Ukwelashwa izindawo Local. izitshalo ukwelashwa indle ngoba sasivame ukuyiqhubela emizini yabathile: kuzibuyekezo, izintengo

Ngokuhambisana namazinga ezikhona endaweni ubunikazi ezweni yesimanje kufanele babekhona izindawo ukwelashwa wendawo. Isakhiwo kufanele kube impoqo noma exhunywe kwi iphayiphi main, noma ube siqu zokuhlunga ohlelweni lwabo. Manje, ake sihlole kabanzi mayelana nokuthi yini izitshalo ukwelashwa izindlu zangasese Iinhlangano ezimbonini.

Uhlolojikelele

Uma sikhuluma inxuluma landscaped, khona-ke nakanjani kufanele kube bamanzi ashisayo nabandayo. Kubalulekile ukugeza kubhavu noma eshaweni, ukugeza yokugeza izitsha, yokuhlanza, wokunisela. Kule ndaba, ukwelashwa indle izindawo ziyingxenye ebalulekile ekwakheni ukuxhumana zobunjiniyela. kudivayisi yabo ingenye izimo ezibaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi ukuhlela nokuqala ukwakha. Yiqiniso, okuhle kakhulu kungaba ukuthumela amanzi udoti kuze kube abafanele wesitimela ezivamile. Kodwa awusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi nethuba ukuxhuma kuyo, noma-ke lingekho ngokuphelele. Kwezinye izindawo, abanikazi ukuhlomisa cesspools ekhethekile. Nokho, njengoba umkhuba imibukiso, lokhu kukhetha esingesihle kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbobo akuphephile futhi kakhulu iphunga elibi. Lamuhla emhlabeni ngesikhathi ebizela othile amazinga amasha ngoba amanzi angcolile.

Izici Key

Endaweni ukwelashwa izindawo amanzi angcolile ezosetshenziselwa ukuhlunga nokulahlwa isakhiwo. imfucuza Liquid ifomu ukuhlanzwa ku imvelo: umfula, emseleni, inhlabathi kanye nokunye. Endaweni ukwelashwa izindawo, enkabeni yabo, imi kanje:

• Ngamunye. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinhlelo abasebenza ngqo izinhloso okuyiwona ziklanyelwe.
• Gravity. Ngamanye amazwi, amasistimu bahlinza isimiso gravity ukunyakaza imfucuza ketshezi. Kodwa ezinye izindawo ukwelashwa wendawo anemisila amaphampu.
• Biological and lokukhanda. Lokhu kusho ukuthi indle bendawo basebenza ngendlela eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kulesi kuhlanganiswe begazi futhi mechanical izindlela filtration kanye ukuthunjwa.
• YOMNDENI. Lesi sici kusikisela ukuthi izinhlelo zenzelwe kuphela filtration imfucuza uketshezi lapho ukulima yangasese.

Yiqiniso, kukhona ukwelashwa izinsiza eziseduzane amabhizinisi. Systems lisetshenziswe izicelo ezimbonini, abe ukwakhiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi, kusukela isibambo kumele kube amanani ngokwanele ezinkulu imfucuza.

imfucuza ngezigaba

Namanzi anokugcola kwasezindlini ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyisisekelo: omnyama grey. Lezi zingozi zihlanganisa ama amanzi asetshenziswa wokugezela indlu, ukuwasha izingubo noma ukugeza. Ukuze zihlanganisa black liquid imfucuza kusukela yangasese. Bakha 30% we umthamo isamba lamanzi anokugcola. Kulokhu ziqukethe 90% i-nitrogen, 50% phosphorous kanye sebuningini amagciwane fecal. Konke lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze uhlunge futhi iwukudambisa. Lesi sitshalo amanzi angcolile ngoba indlu akumelwe nasesiphephweni abakhwabanisi ageleza. Kungenjalo, amathuba semfene sína ohlelweni.

Umgomo we operation amayunithi

Endaweni ukwelashwa izindawo ngebhizinisi emakhaya Ukusingathwa iphathwa ngezigaba ezimbili. Ngo-pre-filtration lokuqala wenziwa ngosuku lwesibili - sokugcina. sokugcina esiteji ochwepheshe okubhekiselwa kuzo nangokuthi "yokuhlanza ezengeziwe". Ngokulandelayo, sicabanga kokubili izigaba kabanzi.

prefiltration

It wenziwa ithangi ekhethekile. Ibizwa ngokuthi ithangi ukonakala noma ithangi ukonakala. I izinhlayiya, abakhona kule emfantwini buthelela phansi. Lokhu kwenze ngokuhamba kwesikhathi asitholayo ukuvutshelwa kancane. Phakathi ingxenye contaminants ziyoncibilika emanzini. Umqulu asele zanqwabelana ezansi ngesimo insolubles amaminerali. Ethangini ukonakala nge Foam kwakhiwa phezu noma ifilimu (ngokuvamile fat). Ukuze inqubo ukuvutshelwa kuyaphumelela, kubalulekile kuphele izinsuku ezintathu okungenani. Mayelana nale mfuneko isethwe ubukhulu amathangi ukonakala, kuya ngevolumu imfucuza siwela phezu kwanoma iyiphi pre-yokuhlanza ukuthi. Ngo imisebenzi jikelele zihlanganisa ukonakala ketshezi ngokwahlukana nezingxenyana encibilikayo kusuka amafraktjhini zingaxazululeki (ezahlukene - kodaka mechanical), kanye noqhekeko contaminants organic esebenzisa anaerobic bacterium, ngaso sonke isikhathi imfucuza (inqubo yemvelo). Ngenxa yalokho, ngemva filtration kwangaphambilini kwenzeka kodaka ukumiswa kanye ukucaciseleka imfucuza ketshezi. Ngesikhathi esidayisa we ukonakala ithangi emfantwini bahlanzwe ukuba cishe 65%.

umlenze wesibili

ukwelashwa Tertiary kungenzeka amadivayisi ezahlukene. Konke lokhu imiklamo enzelwe ukwakha izimo elikhulu (induna okuyinto ukufinyelela-mpilo) ngoba anaerobic amagciwane lapho kwenziwa filtration yokugcina imfucuza ezivela nesifiki. The eside ukuxhumana O _2, ngcono namachibi kanye noqhekeko alandelayo ammonia ne-nitrogen organic nitrate kanye nitrite.

Biological uhlelo neutralization

Ukuze ukuhlanzwa esetshenziswa isihlabathi nokuhlunga begazi, phansi amanzi, ukuze ifunde kahle. yokusebenza yabo isimiso kubolekwe nemvelo. Kusekelwe kwaqeda ikhono lemvelo inhlabathi ukuzithiba yokuhlanza. Ingqikithi Its ekusakazeni owandulelayo amavolumu elincane imfucuza phezu lemifanekiso. Kube baqala uxhumana amabhaktheriya anaerobic. Khona-ke kancane kancane ke kwenzeka futhi, ukwelashwa mechanical yemvelo kodwa ngaphandle "umoya-mpilo yokulamba". Lapho sesiphindela imfucuza kuhlungwa 95%. Lesi sibalo iyahlangabezana nezidingo sanitary. Khona-ke, i-ukudedelwa emfantwini esitokisini, ube nemigodi ngemigodi nokunye.

imihlahlandlela Jikelele ngokukhetha VOC

Endaweni ukwelashwa izindawo babe hlobo ezinye ukusebenza. Ukuze ubone ukuthi ivolumu ezifanele kufanele iphindwe ngesilinganiso ukusetshenziswa ngenani labantu abahlala isakhiwo. Ngokwesibonelo, isibalo ngenxa nedlelo kusuka amalitha 680 1000 / ngosuku (okusekelwe abantu abane). Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, imfucuza ngokufaka izitshalo ukwelashwa amanzi angcolile kufanele igcinwe khona izinsuku ezintathu okungenani. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka ivolumu sesifiki esikanye komyalelo wokungabi 2 m ^3. Khona-ke udinga ukukhetha impahla ngqo kusuka okwakwenza ithangi ukonakala. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba, okokuqala, izitshalo ukwelashwa izindlu zangasese kuthiwa wangcwatshwa emhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, amathangi ukonakala kumelwe ukumelana traffic futhi inhlabathi ingcindezi. Okwesibili, kusuka ngaphakathi ke echayeke abezindaba nolaka, angafaniswa ngamanzi ulwandle nge amandla isinyathelo elimazayo. Ngakho, izinto zokwakha anokungcola ukwelashwa isitshalo kufanele kube eqinile futhi amelana izici ezihlukahlukene negative, kodwa ngesikhathi ukukhanya esifanayo. Ngokuvamile, imishini esetshenziswa okwenza steel camera, ngokhonkolo njalo nakakhulu, futhi polyethylene. Indaba yokuqala ngokushesha adle. Abanye abathengi ukukhetha isakhiwo steel. Kodwa le nto akuyona amelana abezindaba nolaka. Kule ndaba, ukunakekelwa okufanele zikhokhelwe ikhwalithi enamathela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziqukathi steel kukhona ngokwanele isisindo umxhwele futhi imishini eyengeziwe edingekayo yokuhamba. Okuhlezi emqondweni izakhiwo zikakhonkolo kukhona hygroscopic. Futhi, njengoba kwaphawula u-abathengi, igcwele Ukungena komhlaba noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukungcola kwabo imfucuza. Ethandwa kakhulu phakathi abathengi polyethylene uyawuthanda namuhla. Abathengi uqaphela yayo ikuphi ukudlala, ukugqwala ukumelana, ukuqina, ukuzinza. Polyethylene inikeza ukubekwa uphawu okunokwethenjelwa emalungeni. Into kuphela kufanele sinake - lena amandla material.

iphasela

Ukukhetha aftertreatment uhlelo, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele zikhokhelwe yokwakheka inhlabathi, izinga lamanzi emhlabathini. Izinkampani ukuthi bekwi ukufakwa filtration izinhlelo ngokuvamile banezeluleko egcwele imisebenzi. It ihlanganisa ukutadisha hydrogeological, design, ukufakwa esiteshini, ukuthunjwa, kanye sesiqinisekiso futhi post-iwaranti nokugcinwa imishini. Izindleko insiza ukwelashwa wendawo "turnkey" lincike ohlotsheni inhlabathi kanye ivolumu kwesigubhu. Inani nokuthuma - ruble 7500, inhlangano ukufakwa -. Ruble 24 200.

Inhlabathi amanzi

Abanikazi Iningi suburban ingcebo Ukhetha le ndlela post-ukwelashwa, bakubheka njengobuthakathaka elula. Njengoba kuphawuliwe abasebenzisi uqobo lwabo, phansi amanzi filtration ikunika yi kakhulu. Le ndlela isetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinezinga nesenzakalo eliphansi komhlaba nomhlabathi anesihlabathi. Inhlabathi amanzi iyingxenye insiza ukwelashwa wendawo. It Kondliwa uhlelo piping ukuba yihlane indawo filtration okwalandela. Lapho, bahlanza uhlalwane nesihlabathi ebukhoneni amagciwane anaerobic. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho emfantwini ehlungiwe fed walihlanganisa nomhlabathi phansi. Phakathi nemibi ongaphakeme amandla abathengi iphuzu uhlelo kanye nesidingo ukuze uvikele servings ezincane imfucuza. Uma kungenjalo, ngeke ube nesikhathi ngempumelelo defused. Ngakho-ke, amanzi obuphelele kufanele kube wakhona permeability kwenhlabathi kanye nenani imfucuza. Emakhiyubhi uhlelo Kwenziwa kumuntu ka 0.5-0.8 m ukujula. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amamitha engengaphansi kwengu-1.2 amagciwane anaerobic. Ububanzi emhosheni ngaphansi ipayipi - 1 imitha. 1 umuntu othathe imizuzu 12 amamitha (lwento) amanzi (ngokuvumelana kuyinsakavukela). Ubude Imininingwane kohlelo kufanele ibe ngaphansi 120 m. Nge kule divayisi eduze izinhlelo ipayipi kufanele kube khona izihlahla. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izimpande zabo ngeke iphazamise ukusebenza evamile amanzi.

iyavuleka kahle

Lesi sakhiwo yidivayisi encane usayizi ukukhiphela. Kuhloswe for ekwelapheni emifula elincane nenhlabathi permeable. Le divayisi ayidingi amanzi amapayipi. Kusukela ukonakala ithangi emfantwini uthunyelwa emgodini ukhonkolo, okuyinto ukulayishwa uhlalwane nesihlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfucuza is elicwengekileyo futhi ngokusebenzisa izimbobo ezindongeni iye phansi. Njengomthetho, imithombo iyavuleka ezithandwa kakhulu abanikazi izindawo ezincane ezweni lapho kuyinto engenakwenzeka ukuba uhlele amanzi, noma abanikazi izakhiwo 1-2 abantu.

isihlabathi isihlungi

It yenzelwe umthwalo enkulu ngokwanele futhi kungenzeka ukuthi esikhundleni sokuba inhlabathi amanzi. Sand Hlunga, ngokuvumelana abasebenzisi eziningi, isixazululo esingcono endaweni nge izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi hydrogeological. Umklamo yidivayisi multilayer. Ngaphakathi efakwe amanzi amapayipi e sesibili. Lapho kwakhiwa ungqimba inhlabathi isusiwe, kodwa kunalokho abekwa amatshe nesihlabathi. Ukusingathwa kusukela amapayipi phansi phezulu ukudlula lemifanekiso, bese, ehlutshiwe, isuswe ngu amanzi ezingeni lokuqala kule sump. I we emseleni ngesikhathi esifanayo ukujula akuyona amamitha esingaphansi kwezinsuku ezimbili.

embhedeni amagciwane

Abanikazi Iningi suburban ingcebo cabangela lesi simiso jikelele. Lokhu kufakazelwa izibuyekezo eziningi abasebenzisi. Lemifanekiso begazi ingasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ezingeni lelisetulu nesenzakalo ubumba nenhlabathi aphasi, kodwa futhi endaweni ingxenye encane uma idivayisi amanzi akunakwenzeka. Gilazi engena okuthiwa "umthwalo" - ukungena nakwamanye amazwe futhi angabacwasi ukukhanya impahla. Njengomthetho, wasebenzisa pozzolan, ukhonkolo block, coke. Lezi izinto kukhona kokubili lemifanekiso bese ubeka ukhona anaerobic nezilwanyana ezincane. Pre-bahlanza endaweni sump, ageleza basakaza ebusweni futhi zokuhlunga zisetshenziswa phansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uketshezi iqoqa ku sump eyamukelayo bese excreted emgodini.