Ukwelashwa esiyimbangela - Iyini?

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa yisiphi isifo kudinga indlela eqotho. Ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa izidakamizwa esebenza izixhumanisi ezihlukahlukene pathogenesis lesi sifo, ikhuthaza ukululama ngokushesha isiguli kanye nokuvinjelwa izinkinga. ukwelashwa Causative liyingxenye izinyathelo zokwelapha ezisetshenziswa. Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa esiyimbangela - Iyini? Okulandelayo lizobuyekeza nomqondo eside, izimiso eziyisisekelo futhi izindlela zokwelashwa, nenqubo ekuhloleni ukusebenza yayo.

imiqondo Jikelele

yokwelapha esiyimbangela - iqoqo izinyathelo ezihlose ukunciphisa noma ekuqedeni netenteko, okudale ukuthuthukiswa lesi sifo. athathe ihlandla okunjalo kwezinkolo kubizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa ezikhululekile. Imithi esetshenziswa ngendlela ethile yalesi ukwelashwa, okubhekiselwa kuzo nangokuthi etiotropic.

yokwelapha Okuvamile ihilela lokhu ukwelashwa, ukusetshenziswa okuyinto incike ejenti etiologic lesi sifo:

• nokusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi;
• Ukwelapha i-hormone;
• vitamin;
• probiotics ukwelashwa;
• ngelashwa nangemithi;
• ukusetshenziswa sinqobe.

Izimiso yokwelashwa esiyimbangela

Nokwelashwa kwezifo kanye izinqubo sokugembula zisekelwe Okuqondiwe ezimbili, ngesikhathi kubulawa okuyinto enomthelela ukululama ngokushesha isiguli. Etiotropic isimiso sokuqala zokuvimbela futhi ukwelashwa kwezifo kuyinto ukuhlonza izimbangela zesifo kanye nokusebenzisa izindlela emzabalazweni ukumisa imiphumela sokugembula emzimbeni. Umphumela kuyinkomba ekupheleni ukuntula Ukulandelana isithombe emtholampilo.

Eyesibili isimiso prophylaxis etiotropic futhi ukwelashwa kwezifo esekelwe elucidation yezici ezengeziwe isinyathelo parallel ekuqiniseni main noma buthaka umphumela wawo pathogenic. definition yabo eqondile kanye nokulungisa kudala izimo ezikahle ukuze kuzolungiswa okusheshayo isiguli.

Izinyathelo zisetshenziswe ukuze kufezeke inhloso yokuqala, ukusebenza ngosizo izidakamizwa (hormone, cytokines, enzyme amalungiselelo, amakhemikhali okwelapha). izici ezingokomzimba zisetshenziswa abantu babulawelwe kuzo phambi kwalesi simiso sesibili: ukusetshenziswa izingubo ezivikelayo, ultraviolet ngemisebe, ukuchayeka we agent sokugembula okuphindaphindiwe ukwandisa ukumelana nalokho nesineke.

Bases ekwelapheni izifo Lokudabuka ezithathelwanayo

ukuphathwa esiyimbangela kwezifo ezithathelwanayo kuhilela samuntu yile migomo elandelayo:

• Ukwelashwa kufanele kube esibanzi, sihlanganise lonke yokusebenza izici kungenzeka;
• kusho ukuthonya isicelo ukuba ukubhujiswa pathogen;
• kokuqhuba ukulungiswa mzimba;
• parallel yokutakula hemostasis esigulini;
• ukwelashwa embili kusukela izifo eziningi zidinga eside kokuqondisa emitholampilo kanye yokutakula nesineke emva osenyameni esibhedlela;
• Ukukhetha yokwelashwa zemithi kufanele esekelwe ifomu obhalisiwe kanye inkathi isifo, nobukhali ukubonakaliswa emitholampilo, ukuhlolwa isimo isiguli khona pathologies eyayihambisana nalo.

ukuphathwa esiyimbangela iziguli ezithathelwanayo kuhlanganisa ukusebenzisa amalungiselelo ngesenzo esiqondile futhi okungezona ethize. umuthi othile okukhulunywa ngaye kushiwo:

• serum;
• immunoglobulin, ayisiza;
• bacteriophages;
• ngemigomo;
• antitoxins.

Izinto isinyathelo nonspecific zihlanganisa chemotherapy kanye nokusetshenziswa interferon.

serotherapy

Njengoba ukwelashwa esiyimbangela - olunzulu izinyathelo ukwelashwa, kwenye yezingxenye of uphathwa ukuphathwa whey. Lesi sigaba isebenzisa isicelo elwa namagciwane kanye antitoxin sera.

Antitoxic whey Ukwakheka kuhlanganisa amasosha omzimba ngokumelene ubuthi obukhishwa Amagciwane. Zonke amasosha omzimba zisho okuthile ngokuqondile futhi balwe isici ethize etiological usebenzisa ukusabela neutralization. Izibonelo lolu hlobo sera:

• ngqi;
• idiphtheria;
• protivogangrenoznaya;
• protivosibireyazvennaya;
• protivobotulinicheskaya.

Ukwakheka kuhlanganisa serum elwa namagciwane agglutinins, opsonins futhi bactericidin, okuyizinto amasosha omzimba emagciwaneni virus.

Kusebenta serotherapy kuncike isikhathi umthamo nabaphathi bawo. Ngokushesha ngemva edonsa afundwa antitoxins egazini ngokuxhumana nge ubuthi lwegciwane. I ngaphambili okokufaka kusho, ngokushesha kuyinto nokuvulwa nesineke.

Immunoglobulin - izindlela zokwelashwa esiyimbangela ukuthi isetshenziswa ekwelapheni ezithile izifo ezithathelwanayo. Globulin kulula ukuba kudlule izicubu futhi ube nenombolo amasosha omzimba amaningi ukubunjwa yabo. Sebenzisa endabeni lezi zifo ezilandelayo:

• uphawu yizinambuzane encephalitis;
• isimungumungwana,
• Umkhuhlane;
• Pox;
• ukutheleleka staphylococcal;
• ukunqamulela kwekhibhodi
• leptospirosis;
• herpes ukutheleleka;
• -anthrax et al.

Ukusetshenziswa bacteriophages

izidakamizwa viral ezisekelwe uyakwazi ushwabadela amaseli alien webhaktheriya asetshenziswa esikhundleni yokwelapha ngemithi elwa namagciwane. It ikhiqizwa ngesimo izimpushana, amaphilisi, suppositories, izixazululo, izitsha eziyisikhombisa futhi ampoules.

bacteriophages izixazululo kungenzeka iqondiswa ngomlomo, ngomjovo, futhi enema, esetshenziselwa ukuhlamba izimbotshana kwakhiwa, izinhlelo zenkasa, ogelezayo nokumanzisa kwezicelo abathintekayo izindawo.

yokwelapha esiyimbangela, nezidakamizwa emelelwa bacteriophages, ayinakho contraindications akuve kuvamile ukuba iziguli ezingane. Kwakuvamise njengendlela yokwelapha ezimele noma inhlanganisela ngemithi elwa namagciwane.

ngelashwa nangemithi

Ukwelapha okunjalo esiyimbangela siqondiswe ukusetshenziswa ubuthi ubuthi, kungaba yingozi imbangela yalesi sifo. Kuye ua umthelela lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo kwesicelo chemotherapy:

• yi-antimicrobial chemotherapy;
• antifungal;
• antitumor;
• elwa namagciwane;
• antihelminthic;
• antiparasitic.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa chemotherapeutic isiqondiso kudinga ukubuyekeza olunzulu zonke neminye imithi isetshenziswa iziguli. Kwezinye izimo, inhlanganisela ejenti zokwelapha kungaba ukusabela okungekuhle phezu ingxenye yomzimba lesiguli.

Nokusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi ekwelapheni abayitoho

Elwa namagciwane ukwelashwa esiyimbangela - indlela nolokubhujiswa lwegciwane lesi sifo ngemithi elwa namagciwane. Ngeshwa, ngalesi sikhathi iningi izilokazane ezincane ngiye ngazuza ukumelana ejenti elwa namagciwane.

Kule ndaba, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kumele kuhambisane nenqubo ukwelashwa okunengqondo:

1. Ukwelashwa kufanele kuqale ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, usebenzisa ezibanzi-nomkhakha we isinyathelo kuze ukucaciswa pathogen.
2. Ukwelashwa kufanele kube ngaphansi laboratory njalo nokulawula bacteriological.
3. Isikali abaphathi kanye umthamo isikhawu kumele baqinisekise kwegazi unomphela igazi kusho esidingekile.
4. Ukwelashwa nge-ejenti elwa namagciwane luthatha izinsuku 3-4 lungaphezu izimpawu zokudakwa avele, komzimba okukhulu.
5. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ukuntuleka kahle kuyinkomba ukushintsha ejenti elwa namagciwane kwenye Ukubuyekeza ukwelashwa lwemithi.
6. Yesikhathi eside esiyimbangela yokwelapha ngemithi elwa namagciwane kuphakamisa hypovitaminosis B kanye kudinga parallel yokwelapha Vitamin.
7. Ukwelashwa kumele sihambisane ukulawula isimo somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, njengoba okusithiyayo kungenzeka okuzivikela bedle antibiotic.

Ukuphumelela yokwelapha antibiotic kuhlolwa isimo jikelele isiguli, ukuzinza of lokushisa lomzimba, ekunciphiseni ukudakwa kuwukubonakaliswa igazi neuropathy.

Njengoba isibonelo, cabanga ekwelapheni ejenti elwa namagciwane of esinye sezifo umgudu wokuphefumula. Esiyimbangela yokwelapha i-pneumonia kuhilela ukusetshenziswa unamasu amaqembu ezilandelayo:

• penicillins - "Amoxicillin", "Flemoksin", "Ampioks";
• cephalosporins - "Ceftriaxone", "Cefazolin", "cefotaxime";
• macrolides - "Clarithromycin" "Erythromycin";
• tetracyclines - "methacycline," "Doxycycline";
• aminoglycosides - "gentamicin", "neomycin", "Amikacin";
• "Chloramphenicol";
• "Fuzidin";
• "Novobiocin";
• nitrofurans - "furazolidone", "furadonin", "Furatsilinom";
• imithi elwa namagciwane antifungal - "Levorinum" "Nystatin";
• sulfonamides - "Biseptol", "Sulfalen", "Sulfadimetoksin".

Izingane, abesifazane abakhulelwe kanye neziguli kanye kahle izinso umsebenzi futhi isibindi kukhona ebucayi kakhulu isenzo anobuthi ejenti elwa namagciwane, Nokho la maqembu self ukwakhiwa kungamukeleki.

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-hormone

Kwama-hormone ukwelashwa esiyimbangela - a eyinkimbinkimbi izinyathelo ezihlose izimbangela zesifo ngosizo hormone. Hlukanisa esikhundleni, inkanuko futhi ezivimbela izindlela zokwelashwa.

Ukufakwa kwesicelo hormone elisetshenziswa Endocrinology beswele esinqunyiwe noma ephelele ukusebenza nezindlala endocrine. Isiguli kuthatha izidakamizwa, ukwethulwa iqinisekisa evamile ibhalansi hormone emzimbeni. Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo ukwelashwa isetshenziselwa ukuphila. Isibonelo edonsa insulin sikashukela.

ifomu Ukuvusa ejenti hormone inikezwa lapho indlala endocrine idinga ugqozi emsebenzini. Ngenxa yale njongo, amahomoni we pituitary futhi ngxenye.

Braking uhlobo ukwelashwa kuphakamisa ukunciphisa indlala i-hormone ngesikhathi hyperfunction yayo. omelene Ibe hormone, okuyinto ngokweqile. Ngokuvamile esetshenziswa Oncology, ukusebenza kwayo nezifo zabesifazane, Urology, andrology.

vitamin

Sebenzisa amavithamini for ekwelapheni izifo ezibangelwa ukuhluleka kwabo noma ukungabakhathaleli nhlobo emzimbeni wesiguli, ngokuthi Vitamin yokwelapha. Izithako ezisebenzayo kukhona nabalawuli konke ukuphila imisebenzi womuntu, ngakho yobukhona babo lemali edingekayo kubhekwa saziso.

1. Ifomu yemvelo yokwelashwa libhekene ukufika amavithamini abalulekile ekudleni. Olwenziwe Ukudla ukulungiswa, lapho kugcizelelwa imikhiqizo ocebile kakhulu ezisebenzayo ebalulekile.
2. ifomu Ukushintshwa ukwelashwa kuhambisana ngokwethula amavithamini ngesimo izidakamizwa ekwelapheni amavithamini noma hypovitaminosis. Kukhona zombili mono- ne-multi-vitamin izimali.
3. Vitamin Pathogenetic libhekene enquma ukwelashwa ezifweni ezibangelwa ama-amavithamini (hypotension, migraine, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa).
4. ifomu Pharmacodynamic yokwelashwa isebenzisa amavithamini ukuthonya zici ukuthi azihlangene imisebenzi uvithamini A ukuntula. Ngokwesibonelo, nokuphathwa ejenti constrict onekhono noma uvuleke imithambo yegazi.

Ukusetshenziswa mzimba, abantu abaningi abakubheka njengomklamo isixazululo ephephile, kodwa lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela emva kokubonisana onguchwepheshe.

probiotics

Esiyimbangela lingaze yokwelapha probiotic ezinqunyiwe ekwelapheni dysbiosis emathunjini. Imbangela lesi sifo, imithi enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba balahle ukubonakaliswa emtholampilo. Ukwakheka probiotics zihlanganisa amagciwane namanye amagciwane, okuyizinto phakathi microflora evamile yaleli pheshana emathunjini. Irisidi zomzimba womuntu e amanani anele kuyasiza kulesetayelekile wokugaya ukudla umsebenzi pheshana, ukubuyisela microbiocenosis futhi ukusheshisa yokutakula nesineke.

Dysbacteriosis Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa okuboniswe kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• ukuphathwa eyinkimbinkimbi endocrine kwezinso;
• enzymatic ezihlobene nokukhula;
• izilonda anobuthi isimiso sezinzwa;
• izifo emsebenzini ;
• ukwehluleka kwezinso, izitsha inhliziyo negazi;
• hypovitaminosis;
• isimo immunodeficiency;
• isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi;
• izimo ephathelene nomsebenzi onzima odinga amandla nethonya ukucindezeleka.

Antidototerapiya

Kokuthola ezinobuthi futhi elimazayo emzimbeni womuntu kutlhoga zokuqaleka ngokushesha lakamuva. Ezinye izinto ezifana abe sinqobe uyakwazi ukululaza umphumela okubhubhisa ubuthi.

Kuyindlela yokuvimbela kuyinto into okuyinto ihlangana ejenti enobuthi noma ezinye izidakamizwa zemithi lucwaningo ukusabela neutralization, aqede imiphumela emibi ubuthi. Izinto kungaba spectrum emincane futhi ezibanzi womsebenzi. Cabanga ngezibonelo ejenti ethize esetshenziswa antidototerapii.

Ubuthi, into enobuthi	I ethize yokuvimbela
Amanita, organophosphorus ejenti	Atropine sulfate ngokuhlanganyela dipiroksimom
Snake Isihlungu	Heparin, hydrochloride epinephrine, protivozmeinaya serum
acid	Sodium Bicarbonate (soda isixazululo baking)
potassium permanganate	ascorbic acid
hydrocyanic acid	Unitiol, methylene okwesibhakabhaka
i-carbon monoxide	Ephefumula umoya-mpilo
Opiates futhi morphine nemikhiqizo	naloxone
Phenol, nosawoti of izinsimbi ezisindayo, i-arsenic, hydrocyanic acid	sodium thiosulfate

ukwelashwa esiyimbangela, izinhlobo kanye nezici okuye esixoxe ngawo esihlokweni, awusekelwe kuphela ukusetshenziswa eqenjini elithile izidakamizwa. Ukusebenza kahle incike esithwele yayo indlela ihlanganiswe: ukulungiswa izidakamizwa Dynamics laboratory okuqhubekayo kanye bacteriological ukulawula umzimba wesiguli, ukwelapha pathologies ahlobene.