Epinephrine hydrochloride: yokusetshenziswa, incazelo ukulungiselela

A ukwehla abukhali wegazi ngenxa komzimba, imithi ezinikeziwe noma ezinye izimbangela kungaholela nemiphumela awushintsheki emzimbeni ngisho nokufa. Kuze kube manje, nomsebenzi wezokwelapha ukususa isiguli kusuka ngalesi simo isetshenziselwa hydrochloride adrenaline. It, kuncike yinkimbinkimbi isimo, iziguli iphathwa phansi kwesikhumba, intramuscularly noma ngemithambo yegazi, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kunazo - intracardiac.

imiphumela kwemithi

Umthelela eyinhloko izidakamizwa kuhlobene umthelela a- futhi b-adrenergic receptor, futhi ngezindlela eziningi iyafana ezinzwa fibre excitation imiphumela. Lapho zaphathwa epinephrine hydrochloride ikhuthaza vasoconstriction zonke izinhlaka besisu nemisipha kancane lwamathambo. Ngenxa nokwehla okungaka iziteshi inesikhala igazi kwenzeka ukwanda wegazi.

Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi umphumela yethonya adrenalin emzimbeni, ngenxa umthelela b-adrenergic receptor, kancane njalo uma kuqhathaniswa ne noradrenaline. Uhlamvu izinguquko womsebenzi inhliziyo sinzima kakhulu. Ngemva ukukhuthazwa receptor adrenergic kunomthelela njalo futhi kwenhliziyo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, lapho ingcindezi igazi liphuma, isikhungo ijabule ezinzwa vagus, okuyinto kuvimbela umsebenzi inhliziyo. Yingakho phakathi hypoxia ukuphatha izidakamizwa kungabangela arrhythmia.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa kubangela umfundi Ukuvuleka komlomo, ukuphumula imisipha ye emathunjini bese bronchi. It is wafakazela ukuthi iziguli yashesha izicubu umzimba kanye glucose liyaphuma egazini emva umthamo owodwa we-ithuluzi ezifana epinephrine hydrochloride. Yokusetshenziswa futhi liqukethe ulwazi mayelana ukuthi imithi, elikhishiwe kwezinye izinguqulo ikhono ukusebenza lwamathambo kwemisipha izicubu, kuhlanganise ne ukukhathala.

Ngokuphathelene isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, umthamo zokwelapha zomuthi, njengoba umthetho, musa nethonya evelele kuyo.

Ukukhombisa izidakamizwa?

Ukusetshenziswa epinephrine hydrochloride nge ukwehla elibukhali komfutho wegazi (simo yezokwelapha isiguli okuthiwa wokugoqa). Vuka simo esibucayi kungaholela ukweqisa izidakamizwa imithi umuntu, ukulunywa yizinambuzane ne-acute komzimba.

Okunye okubonisa ngokuba izidakamizwa - kahle kungakhuphula izinga likashukela, okwenzeka lapho ukweqisa izidakamizwa we-insulin. Kuleli zinga, isiguli ngokushesha bephonsa blood pressure hhayi kuphela ukusebenza, kodwa futhi izinga likashukela egazini.

Zamehlo imithi iziguli waqinisa intraocular (glaucoma). Ngo ENT umkhuba isetshenziswa njengendlela vasoconstrictor.

Ngaphezu kwalezi izinkomba, epinephrine hydrochloride iqondiswa iziguli ventricular fibrillation.

Umthamo uhlelo futhi indlela yokusetshenziswa

Kuye sifo izidakamizwa zalo kobukhulu isiguli ungaboniswa phansi kwesikhumba, intramuscularly futhi ngemithambo yegazi. usebenzisa Ngakho 0.1% ingxube 0.2 / 0.3 / 0.5 noma 1 ml. Iziguli acute ukuboshwa inhliziyo iqondiswa 1 ml lokulungisela umthamo ofanayo uyasetshenziswa futhi ventricular fibrillation. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi wesifunda izabelo ukhetha kuphela kudokotela esimweni ngasinye.

Zamehlo ukufeza wendawo vasoconstrictive umphumela epinephrine hydrochloride lisetshenzisiwe nolwelwesi lwamafinyila we iso.

isifuba somoya bronchial ukunqampunwa izidakamizwa ekuphathweni phansi kwesikhumba at 0.3 - 0.5 - 0.7 ml. Kodwa njengoba ngemithamo oqabulayo epinephrine izixazululo ukusetshenziswa parenteral ke, njengoba umthetho, bona ilungiselelwe ukuze iziguli omdala 0.3 - 0.5 - 0.75 ml. Babe, uma kunesidingo isicelo sale nomuthi ngokuvumelana engu iphathwa 0.1-0.5 ml.

Ukwakheka izidakamizwa

Epinephrine hydrochloride ngefomu okumsulwa kuyinto kancane pink noma elimhlophe crystalline powder. Ngaphansi kwethonya lomoya-mpilo futhi kunokukhanya akwazi ukukuguqula. Nokho, esimweni esinjalo, ukulungiselela akasinikanga kumthengi. Ngaphambi ingasetshenziswa zokwelapha ezimweni aseptic ku izimboni ezenza imithi ke buhlanjululwe isixazululo hydrochloric acid. Iyasebenza kunodokotela njengoba nezivimbelakuvunda sodium metabisulphite futhi chlorobutanol.

Kuphela ngemva kwalokho Pharmacy, iziguli zingase zithole isixazululo epinephrine hydrochloride, ukulungele ngokugcwele ukusetshenziswa.

Khipha ifomu zomuthi

Kuze kube manje, lo izidakamizwa itholakala kuphela umthengi ngesimo 0.1% isixazululo elitholakala izitsha eziyisikhombisa futhi ampoules. Ivolumu Okokuqala 30 ml, kodwa yesibili - 1 kuphela ml. Ampoules-6 PC. zahlanganiswa ngo ibhokisi ibhokisi.

Ngokubukeka kufana ikhambi ngokuphelele ketshezi esobala, akukho kwenze futhi izakhi nerastvoronnyh ezahlukene.

Lesi sidakamizwa is contraindicated?

Uma sicabanga ukuthi inkomba esiyinhloko ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa - ukwanda wegazi ngenxa ukuvaleka imithambo yegazi, kunengqondo ukuthi ngokuphelele akakwazi isetshenziswe ezigulini abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Futhi kusho nhlobo ngaleso isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, i-hyperthyroidism nesikashukela, ngoba umphumela kwemithi zomuthi ayikwazi lusizi nakakhulu ngesikhathi izifo ngenhla kodwa futhi kungaholela emiphumeleni kuyingozi kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, isilethikusebenza, isifo sohlangothi kanye nabanye.

Akusebenzi epinephrine hydrochloride futhi phakathi nokuhlinzwa kuhlinzwa, cyclopropane noma izinzwa halothane.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi le izidakamizwa akuvunyelwe nakancane phakathi nokukhulelwa kanye lactation. Futhi ngokuhlanganyela izidakamizwa "Oxytocin" izidakamizwa kuholela ubuthi anda.

side effects

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi e izifo eziningi izidakamizwa kungasindisa ukuphila lesiguli, kungenzeka njengoba nje, futhi lokho kungasilimaza uma ungenawo acabangele izici ngamunye isiguli noma idlule umthamo ovumelekile.

Ngakho, ngisho uma isetshenziswa kahle, imithi umuntu angase abe nomuzwa isiyezi, ukukhathazeka, ukuzamazama nokukhathazeka ubuthakathaka jikelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiguli emva nokuphathwa izidakamizwa kungabonakala nasemkhakheni pallor (ngenxa vasoconstriction), ngijuluka futhi ukwanda lezivakashi wegazi. Nokho, izimpawu ezingathandeki, ngenxa ubude bayo esifushane, akudingi ukulungiswa yezokwelapha noma ukuqedwa ngokuphelele zomuthi.

Labo kuboniswe hydrochloride adrenalin, imfundo manual esixwayisa ukuthuthukiswa okungenzeka arrhythmias inhliziyo, tachycardia, ukwanda elibukhali blood pressure. In iziguli yenhliziyo Umthambo isifo abasebenzisa izidakamizwa kwandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa angina.

ukweqisa izidakamizwa

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi imithi imithi kulindeleke ukuba lisetshenziswe umthamo eliqondile kuphela kadokotela. Kungenjalo, ezempilo lesiguli usengozini ethuneni. Futhi epinephrine hydrochloride akuyona ngaphandle.

Lapho edlula kuvunyelwe Isikali isixazululo (ngisho nalapho iqondiswa phansi kwesikhumba) isiguli ngokushesha eba ngokushesha mydriasis futhi ngakhula blood pressure. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kakhulu ophilisayo ukushaya kwenhliziyo, nakho ezimweni eziningi ukuthuthukela ventricular fibrillation. Futhi uma isiguli ukwandisa kakhulu ingcindezi hydrostatic izitsha kulencane igazi kanye permeability we yamaphaphu capillary odongeni, angagcina yamaphaphu edema kwezicubu.

Indlela ukuvimba imiphumela emibi izidakamizwa?

Esindwa Inombolo yezenzo emibi adrenalin antagonistically esebenza nge α- futhi β-blocker. Lezi zihlanganisa izidakamizwa "Inderal" "Tropafen", "Phentolamine" nabanye. Ngokuvamile odokotela ukususa imiphumela adrenaline nokusetshenziswa okusheshayo nitrites. Nokho, ukusetshenziswa amaqembu ngenhla kwemithi isebenza kuphela uma ukukhanya yakha uchungechunge side effects izindlela ezifana adrenaline hydrochloride (Ifomula: 1-1- (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) -2-methylaminoethanol hydrochloride).

Uma isiguli lapho usebenzisa lolu izidakamizwa waphawula eziyingozi kakhudlwana ezifana ventricular fibrillation noma edema olubanzi yamaphaphu, isicelo ephezulu ijubane nitrite kanye blocker ngokwanele ezahlukene. Ukuze kusindiswe iziguli Kulezimo odokotela baye bamukela yokwelapha eziyinkimbinkimbi, okungabandakanya ngisho defibrillation kagesi zenhliziyo.

Imibandela ukunikezela zomuthi

Kunengqondo ukuthi umuthi zezokwelapha ezisekelwe adrenaline ivimbela khulula ukuthengisa kumsebenzisi wokugcina. Ngemva self kusho idatha kungaholela imiphumela engemihle isisindo ngisho ne bawuhloniphe ngokuqinile ohlelweni nokushintsha kokudla nokufakwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye iziguli ngesethulo esincane i hydrochloride adrenaline (isitatimende ifakazela leli) ukuphendula ezinzima iguliswa kungenzeka.

Ngakho-ke ngaphambi ekhemisi lezi izidakamizwa, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela ozokwenzela incwadi kadokotela. Kuyinto le dokhumenti, equkethe ulwazi inombolo umthamo zomuthi, wemithi kumele zethulwe uma uthenga umuthi.

izidakamizwa ekuhlanganyeleni

Njalo udokotela uyazi ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-adrenaline ne symptomatology ezahlukene akuvunyelwe nakancane. Phela, inhlanganisela enjalo ine umphumela okufakiwe kanye kuholela ukudakwa.

Ungayisebenzisi le umuthi wokwelapha iziguli ngubani amaphilisi elele analgesics kwezidakamizwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, komzimba, okuyinto ehlelekile esetshenziswa antihistamine, noma yimuphi udokotela, futhi, enqaba ukubhala kadokotela. Adrenaline hydrochloride kulokhu nje kuphela ngokuthi ingozi yempilo - kube kuhle ebulalayo.

Akuvunyelwe inhlanganisela izidakamizwa ne ephefumula izinzwa, njengoba lokhu kungaholela ukuthuthukiswa eziyinkimbinkimbi isifo senhliziyo ngo isiguli.

analogue imithi

Ngenxa yokuthi ososayensi abayeki phezu impumelelo futhi bayaqhubeka besebenza ukudalwa kwemithi emisha kule esebenzisa epinephrine hydrochloride namuhla sesivele uhlu umxhwele analogue. Nokho, i-choice izidakamizwa, ezifanayo senzo adrenalin, wenziwa kuphela udokotela ukuba khona. Kulokhu, uchwepheshe eqondiswa hhayi kuphela ifomu nobukhali isifo lesiguli, kodwa futhi uyakucabangela izici zabo ngabanye.

Miselela epinephrine hydrochloride udokotela may izidakamizwa ezifana "Epinifrin", "Tonogen", "Glaukozan" "Crank hydrochloride" "Suprarenalin" "Epinephrine hydrochloride," "Levorenin", "Eppie", "Renostiptitsin", "Suprarenin" "glauconite", "Epirenan", "Adrenamin", "Gipernefrin", "Stiptirenal", "Paranefrin", "Glaukonin" et al.

Naphezu uhlu umxhwele kumakhophi, umuntu akufanele ucabange ukuthi bangaba ngokukhululekile ukuthenga ekhemisi. Ngokuthenga adrenaline hydrochloride, kadokotela ngesiLatini iyadingeka ukuze ubonise wemithi. Kungokufanayo siyadingeka uma ufisa ukuthenga yimiphi imithi ngenhla.