Ukwanda esikhathini zokululama komnotho. Umqondo umjikelezo kwezomnotho kanye izigaba zalo

Ake sibheke umjikelezo kwezomnotho, izigaba umqondo, kubangela kanye nezinhlobo abasafufusa ukushumeka empilweni kwezomnotho. Lokhu kuyovula ithuba lokuba bonke ukwahlulela qualitative ngezwe, izwe, noma othile umkhakha izinqubo.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

Ngo isayensi classical, umjikelezo kwezomnotho uhlukaniswe izigaba ezine:

1. Imvuselelo nokukhula.
2. Boom.
3. Ukuwohloka.
4. Ukucindezeleka.

Ziyakwazi oxhumene kanye eyodwa esukela nezinye. Ngakho, esikhathini zokululama komnotho isisekelo ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile, okuyinto kamuva kuholela glut emakethe kanye nokwehla ngevolumu umsebenzi amabhizinisi kanye ukuxoshwa kwabasebenzi. Ngakho-ke, ukuze engcono nomqondo umjikelezo kwezomnotho kanye izigaba zalo, zonke izigaba kuzoxoxwa eceleni nge inkomba yobuhlobo bawo.

Revival futhi kuyanda

Zanqwabelana dolobha ukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kuze umsebenzi umthamo wayo ngokugcwele. Ngakho umsebenzi ezingeni evuka ukuba esiphezulu kungenzeka. Lokhu kuhambisana ukwanda inkokhelo futhi amanani. Okokuqala, njengoba umthetho, ngaphambi wesibili. Ngesikhathi yokutakula Kwenziwa ngokuya ezingeni kwesikhathi pre-esibucayi. It ubhekwa ukuthi ukuvuselelwa esigabeni sokukhula akuyona eziyizici ezingaphezu kwezintathu angu umkhiqizo wonyaka wonke ohlangene ngoba ngonyaka.

Izizathu ngezigaba njengoba lift ekuvuseleleni singasebenza njengesisekelo esiqinile sokufinyelela setha amaqiniso:

1. Ukukhula umkhiqizo wonyaka wonke ohlangene amaphesenti angaphezu kwamathathu ngonyaka.
2. Ngezenzo wadala futhi wasungula inkampani entsha.
3. Growing inkokhelo.
4. abangasebenzi encishisiwe.
5. Kukhona ezingeni elikhulayo utshalomali.

Khona-ke kukhona umphumela ngendathane. Eyanda ngokushesha ukukhiqiza, oluhilela ukwanda ziphoqa sokubolekwayo. Rising zenzalo usayizi isilinganiso izinga lenzuzo. Esikhathini esiyiminyaka imvuselelo kwezomnotho kungenzeka ukuba bagcine eliphakeme umsebenzi zomnotho kuleli zwe. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi kwakhiwa ekuqongeleleni main sabantu. Ngesikhathi ivolumu nokuvulwa ukuthengiselana kanye nenani inani layo langempela likhulu kunawo wonke.

boom

Lapho isifinyelele Linanikhulu lesikhatsi, imboni isebenza ngesikhathi umthamo esiphezulu, eyeka ukwanda komsebenzi ibhizinisi esikhathini zokululama komnotho. Lona boom esigabeni esilandelayo, lapho kukhona nemingcele eziphakeme emphakathini. I engavamile zalesi sigaba wukuthi pochinayut kwakhiwa ukungalingani ukuthi okwamanje ekwazile ukucima ngezindleko reserves ngaphambilini zanqwabelana. Ukuvela inkinga ukuthuthukiswa cyclical komnotho kuhlobene eduze ukuzithiba indlela. Inkinga - it is kuphela kwesakhiwo isici izibuyekezo umnotho. Uma labantu eMhlabeni sengihluzekile, abanezidingo efanayo, bese ngokuhamba kwesikhathi siye angena esigabeni lesintu, lapho recessions enjalo nokukhula ngeke eqoshiwe.

imikhuba emibi futhi kwandisa kanye emkhakheni wezomnotho, ongakaqaliswa esiphethweni ukuthi isimo lapha. Ekuqaleni, izifundo zamabhizinisi uzama ukuxazulula inkinga ngenxa ushintsho amanani, okubangela ekugcineni, njengoba umthetho, samandla emali ngalesosikhathi kuphela.

lawa

Ngesikhathi kwezomnotho kubantu kabusha kungakusiza wokuthi ukuphila kwabo ngcono. Kodwa ukusebenzisa wonke amathuba ngesikhathi esisodwa is hhayi Kunconywa ngoba wesimo okwalandela. Ngakho, inqubo phezu-ekuqongeleleni dolobha, kukhona umthamo okweqile, ezikhona, kubhebhetseka kweludvweshu, ekunqandeni inzuzo dolobha. Kusukela lokhu kuza yalokho yemvelo - falling ibhizinisi imali futhi, ngokufanelekile, abasebenzi babo kanye nabanikazi. Lokhu, kuholela yokuthi encipha funa aggregate ukutshalwa kwezimali futhi bonke okuholela izimpahla namasevisi. Ekugcineni, kukhona ukwehla zokukhula amagugu we okwedlulele umkhiqizo wezwe.

Umphumela inqwaba imikhuba emibi: falling zesito, ngivuka okubangelwa ukusweleka komsebenzi kanye zonke ukuthi lokhu kuhambisana nokubuka ukwehla okujwayelekile jikelele nawo ezingeni lekuphila. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile eba kumafomu yokuthi hhayi kuphela encishisiwe nokukhula kwe-GDP, kodwa futhi kuyinkomba iba ezincane. Phakathi ukukhiqizwa sokuntenga komnotho ezweni sihlalise njalo zincipha ezikhulayo abangasebenzi. Ngesikhathi imali eyiphinda esifanayo encishisiwe. Ngokusebenzisa isenzo umphumela ratchet, amanani akuzona ngqo kuncike mkhuba. ukunciphisa yabo kwenzeka kuphela uma okubi kakhulu ukuthi lesi simo siyaphuthuma futhi ubude, okungase kube isigaba zokucindezeleka. Kodwa kulo kukhona izinzuzo isihlobo. Ngakho, kuba indlela eshibhile zokukhiqiza kanye zabasebenzi, okuyinto kudala izimfanelo mali entsha emnothweni (izinkampani, ubuchwepheshe, imishini kanye nabasebenzi).

ukucindezeleka

Nanti iphuzu aphansi yanoma iyiphi umjikelezo kwezomnotho. Isici ukudangala ukuyeka umsebenzi ukwehla. Kodwa ungakwazi ukubuka ezingeni namanje lasetulu ekungasebenti. Nokho, uma kungekho izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali abalulekile, kunciphise inzalo emalini ebolekwe. Lokhu, kuvusa ukufunwa imali-dolobha, ukudala izimo ekuqongeleleni yalo.

isiphetho

Ngemva ukucindezeleka kuza esigabeni esisha - kuyanda. Qala ezikhulayo funa utshalomali, sihlehlela abangasebenzi, inikwe amandla komkhakha wamabhange. Isiphetho esinengqondo yale nqubo kuyinto boom, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho ukukhiqizwa idlula izinga esasiphambi crisis. Konke kuncike kulokho hlobo isikhathi ifreyimu zithathwa. Ngakho, uma siqhathanisa Inkinga 2008 no-2014, bese-ke, umnotho uye wahluleka ukuba alulame ngokugcwele esikhathini ezifana esifushane. Kodwa uma siqhathanisa isimo namuhla nalokho kwaba ngo-1800, umphumela kuzobonakala khona.