Ukuthula Tilsit

Ekuqaleni IXX ekhulwini e-Europe, lezizinto zenzeka khona, okwaphumela 1807 phakathi Napoleon Bonaparte kanye Russian uMbusi u-Alexander I sasayinwa iSivumelwano Tilsit, kuthinte yonke inkambo esizayo yomlando.

Ezishaya e 1804, umbusi waseFrance, uNapoleon uzalela umqondo yokunqotshwa yeYurophu. Ngokumelene amacebo akhe phakathi Austria, iGreat Britain, Russia, Kingdom of eNaples, Portugal kanye Sweden ukusungula lwesithathu sokusebenzisana anti-French. Austerlitz sokusebenzisana amabutho bahlulwa futhi Austria waphetha isivumelwano sokuthula umbimbi Bonaparte. IRussia ingelinye e umfelandawonye wesine, ezazihlanganisa izwe laseBrithani nelase-Prussia, ukuqhubeka nokusebenza yalwa amabutho sikaNapoleon. Empini ye Friedland ebusika 1807 ibutho Russian egqilazwe French futhi waphoqeleka ukuba ashona. Napoleon kwase wawufinyelela umgomo wakhe futhi wakwazi ukuthi abeke phezu uMbusi u-Alexander ihlazo futhi ezingenanzuzo ezicini zonke, iSivumelwano Tilsit.

Ungena yesivumelwano

Umhlangano we-Emperors ezimbili senzeka edolobheni Tilsit. Manje Sovetsk ku Kaliningrad esifundeni. Juni 25, 1807 ku emfuleni Neman ukuhlangabezana ababusi eyakhelwe isihlenga, obekukhona ubuso umhlangano ebusweni, okuyinto yayinenkinga engathi sina kakhulu, kodwa, ngeshwa, imiphumela engemihle ngoba uMbuso Russian. Lokhu kwalandelwa imihlangano eminingana phakathi izinhloko uthi, ngisho u-Alexander, wayekhona ngenkathi show amabutho French. Julayi 7, 1807 sasayinwa iSivumelwano Tilsit. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi waqala Dweba ibalazwe Europe, okuyinto, ngokuvamile, kwaba ukuqala kwenkathi yokuphela kwezwe wokubusa Napoleon Bonaparte.

Imigomo yesivumelwano (imvume)

Ukuthula Tilsit ukubeka Russian Empire esimweni disadvantageous kakhulu. Ngokusho yalesi sivumelwano, uMbusi u-Alexander I waphoqeleka ukuya ezivuna ezilandelayo:

• ujoyine nokuvinjelwa namadlelandawonye - United Kingdom;
• ukuqaphela Napoleon zonke yokunqoba kwakhe;
• EFrance izolekelela empini;
• bahoxe Moldova;
• aqaphele izihlobo yamakhosi Napoleon (Naples, Dutch futhi Westphalian);
• ukuqaphela imfundo sincike French Duchy waseWarsaw.

Ukuthula Tilsit e 1807 lehlukanisa ngokuphelele UK, elalisendlini ukuvinjelwa ezwekazini, futhi Napoleon kwase kuyisikhathi ngahamba ngoba nezitha izinhlelo zabo nabafuna izikhundla.

Imigomo yesivumelwano (isinxephezelo)

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi, ngokusayina iSivumelwano ka Tilsit e 1807, uMbusi u-Alexander I ukwenze ezivuna eziningana ezivela Bonaparte. Russia e isinxephezelo waya umnyango Bialystok. EDanzig ngalesi sikhathi iba umuzi mahhala, futhi eyisihlobo uMbusi u-Alexander, i Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III, uthola emuva elidala Prussia, yeSilesia kanye Pomerania.

Ukuthula Tilsit, imiphumela

izingqimba Progressive emphakathini Russian bahlathulula imibandela yalesi sivumelwano ukuthula njengoba ngempama, futhi Napoleon kuphela njengoba umgabadeli, hhayi ngokuthi. Kwathatha eminye iminyaka emihlanu Russian ungase ngokwethembeka futhi angagwegwesi ukubheka amehlo nomunye. Kuphela War of 1812 , anikezele leli thuba.

Ukuthula Tilsit, ngemiphumela lapho umnotho Russian kuzozwakala, eqinisweni, kwaba yinhlekelele. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX umbuso Russian enikeziwe okusanhlamvu, Hemp, ukhuni nokuningi European emakethe. Ngenxa nokuvinjelwa-United Kingdom, okuyinto ebangela share sengonyama lemikhiqizo isiRashiya, umnotho Russian woMbuso uye wahlupheka umonakalo omkhulu. Iphazamiseke zabathengisi nabanikazi bemihlaba. ukuvinjelwa Continental of England kubange ukwehla ukuhweba Russian licishe laphindeka kabili, futhi igadle kwezwakala nasezimalini yayo kakhulu "izacile." Ngaphezu kwakho konke, kulesi sivumelwano ukuthula Tilsit Prussia wahlupheka. Walahlekelwa isigamu izwe labo futhi ikhokhelwe yokulungisa umonakalo waseFrance kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu XIX.