Ukushayela igiya KAMAZ: izici kanye nezincomo

ukushayela sici KamAZ ukuthi weseka gearbox, ukulawula edinga ulwazi olwengeziwe futhi namakhono. Ukushayela igiya KamAZa e ZF-9S imodeli ibhokisi has isici: Riding eyenziwa advantageously e igiya eliphansi. It ivumela imoto ukuhambahamba ngemithwalo enzima ngesivinini elilungile.

Design of gearbox

Iningi KamAZ imoto model 5-ngesivinini transmission ibhukwana. isivinini ilawulwa eqhuba isinyathelo bamba. Sikhishwe yokuthi imoto yakhelwe yizimpahla futhi ekuqaleni inobungako ezinkulu, izinguquko igiya ngesikhathi KamAZ wenziwa izigaba eziningana. Zimbili izindlela okusebenzela ebhokisini: oyinhloko (H) nokwesibili (B). Shintsha phakathi kwabo ukhonza njengomdala isigwedlo esisogwini isibambo gearbox. Ukugibela lite mode kufanele siyibonakalise kwehlisa, ne ukunyakaza umthwalo Kwenziwa oqeda isigwedlo.

Ukuthola traffic

Iyashesha eyenziwa kugiye ongaphakeme. Usuke wenziwa kuphela bamba disengaged. Ukushayela igiya ibhokisi ZF KamAZ ku izindlela ukushintsha ngezigaba eziningana. Lokhu kuvezwa obala izici upshifts futhi downshifts. Ngakho, imoto ungakwazi ngokushesha ukuthutha ngokusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene komzila womgwaqo. Kubhekwe uhlelo elilungile 1B-2B-3B at esigabeni sokuqala, 4H-4B-5H phezu ukunyakaza okwalandela. Kususelwa kule scheme, kudingeka uthole ngaphansi indlela ne downshift lokuqala, t. E. Shintsha isikhundla isigwedlo ngesikhathi okuseshwa Akubalulekile igiya 4th. Ukuze imoto waqala, kubalulekile ukuletha ijubane injini 7000 ngomzuzu. Gear wesibili waxhumana ijubane Ukudlulisa kuya ku-3000 ngomzuzu (sibalo 3 tachometer).

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi umsebenzi we crankshaft ku amaloli KAMAZ Kufeza indima ebalulekile. Uma isikhathi shift amagiya, kungenzeka ukuba kakhulu ukunciphisa petrol nokuqinisekisa ukusebeza kahle injini ngaphandle Ukuphumula abalulekile.

Izici Gear lapho wajika

KamAZ ekwehleni ukunyakaza kufanele kube ku Overdrive. Ishintsha kusukela ngowokuqala ukudluliswa wesibili kwenziwa ecindezela bamba double. Kulesi simo kufanele wesikhathi esisodwa ngokucindezela we isinyathelo namafutha ukuletha uzinzo ukusebenza kwe-crankshaft. It is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba sinciphise ijubane injini ngezansi 2 million uma ushayela ekukhuphukeni. Lokhu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungaba nomthelela wenza umcimbi yenjini, futhi ngakolunye - lokushisa yayo zokusebenza ngifinyelele sikhathi esibucayi, oyoletha motor aphume wokusebenza.

Lona sici drive KamAZ. Transmission, okuyinto ukushintsha wesifunda kahle ifundelwe futhi wenziwa ngendlela ehlukile ukuzinza ohlangothini. Mayelana nencazelo eyisisekelo yegama ukwehlukana 2 izindlela zayo - lula ukusebenza kwe-injini lapho ushayela izimoto izixuku ezahlukene. Kusukela ngomhla ka-KamAZe ukulayishwa (noma i-trailer) Kwenziwa ngesikhathi igiya ephakeme ngsivinini injini 2600 ngomzuzu.

Izici ezinyakazayo emithambekeni futhi migwaqo ezineqhwa

Ezindaweni eziyimithambeka ungavali injini. Lokhu kungaholela yokuthi isondo imoto ikhiyiwe, isb. A. kagesi amandla ayo ayisebenzi. Uhlelo ukubopha umshini kuyinzuzo ezimbili - ngaphezu unyathela amabhuleki injini kukhona asizayo injini stop uhlelo. Lapho ngisendleleni ekwehleni nge unyathela amabhuleki asebenzayo ezengeziwe kungavunyelwe ukucisha igiya bamba ushintsho. Ngakho, isikimu ukudluliswa Kamaz ku ZF omoya futhi DT onobuhle wenziwa ifomu non-bendabuko. Ngokwesibonelo, kungenzeka ukwaba umthwalo esiphezulu ezingxenyeni asebenzayo the ukuwudlulisa. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ehlele lift ngaphandle kokulimaza injini (ngisho ngesikhathi umthwalo esiphezulu).

Ishayela emgwaqweni ezishelelayo Kwenziwa nge esiphezulu amandla reserve and speed. Braking kuyadingeka ukuze afeze okuningi uhlelo esebenzayo eyeka injini. Lapho eziphuthumayo unyathela amabhuleki yokuqala eyeka amasondo trailer. Lokhu kubalulekile ukugwema skidding imoto. Emacaleni angakajayeleki ungakwazi ukubambezela injini (kulimaza injini, kodwa ubude ibanga unyathela amabhuleki kuyehla kakhulu). Futhi gwema wheelspin engenakwenzeka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, nani nidinga isikhathi ukuze senqabe igiya, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ukuvama ukujikeleza crankshaft ngenhlonipho nokudlulisela.

isilawuli Transmission uma kwenzeka imoto skid

Umthetho main - ungavali bamba uma imoto emzileni. Ukushayela Kamaz segiya umfuziselo mechanical DT ukudluliswa wenziwa ngendlela yokuthi evumela ukuthi wena ukuba ngithuthe kanye esiphezulu amandla Reserve. uhlelo ezinjalo uyakwazi ekulinganiseni izinga lokushintshisana uma ushayela ezindaweni umgwaqo ohlukile. Ngokwesibonelo, endabeni isondo skid eliphethe kufanele akhanyiswe eya ohlangothini, okuyinto ukudansela isiginci sakhe imoto. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi KamAZ okulahlekile, kumelwe ngokushesha ayeke ukuhamba phambili. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuba uthole ukuthi cisha kwebhuloho umehluko. Isilawuli isendaweni iphaneli sensimbi. Mayelana uvale it pops up isiqinisekiso ngesimo evuthayo ukukhanya isibani. Udinga ukuthola okwenziwa nge Overdrive (wesibili). Ngemuva kokushiya amasayithi akude Udinga ukufaka i-umehluko futhi.

iseluleko sokugcina

Kubalulekile ukuqapha isimo tachometer. Lokhu akudingekile uma ushayela imoto umgibeli. Ukushayela igiya KamAZa nhlobo izinhlobo ezaziwayo zama-omoya zihlanganisa ubuncane petrol. Ikakhulukazi, ukwanda okuhle noma wehlise ukusebenza ukudluliswa ngaphansi kokulawulwa crankshaft kwandisa ijubane ukunyakaza umshini (ngezithukuthuku nokugcina ijubane eliphezulu akukho isikhathi kungachithwa phezu kuqiniswa wokusebenza injini), futhi kunciphisa ingozi injini okweqile. Ngokuvamile, PPC KamAZ, indlela usuke nokuphathwa izici musa abahluke ngayo kulabo abakwamanye izimoto ezithwala. Kuyinto kudingekile kuphela ukukhumbula ezinye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ebhokisini.