Ukholo Dual - Iyini? Kobuqaba futhi ubuKristu - lo mkhuba ukholo ezimbili eRussia

Eminyakeni yamuva, ukuthambekela okusobala okwandayo nesithakazelo enkolweni, futhi izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa sezwa ukuthi ensimini ka Russia yesimanje usathola ku ubuqaba nobuKristu. на Руси – феномен, который широко обсуждается до сих пор. ukholo Dual eRussia - into esiye kabanzi okuxoxwe kuze kube manje. Sizozama ukuqonda ngokuningiliziwe ngale ndaba.

Umcabango

наличие в общепринятой вере признаков другого верования.Что касается нашей страны, то на настоящее время в России христианство мирно уживается с отголосками язычества. ukholo Dual - kuba khona izimpawu ezivamile bezinye izinkolo verovaniya.Chto Njengoba izwe lethu, ngoba kulesi sikhathi samanje eRussia ubuKristu ngokuthula coexists nge Echoes zobuqaba. abantu Orthodox namanje ukugubha Mardi Gras nge kumnandi futhi bashise i khona isithombe sakhe obala ukukuxoxela pancake. Kuhle kokusho ukuthi usuku lokuqala kwentwasahlobo lugujwa phambi yokuHlawula. Ngalo mqondo, ukukhuluma iwukuxuba, okungukuthi, indivisibility futhi ebonakala obunokuthula nokuhlalisana izinkolelo. Nokho, iSonto Lobu-Orthodox futhi namahlelo yobuqaba akulula kangako ukuzwana ndawonye.

I isetshenziswe ngomqondo ongathandeki umqondo

еномен двоеверия берет свое начало в Средневековье, это слово отображено в текстах проповедей, написанных против православных, которые продолжали почитать языческих богов. ukholo F ene ezimbili has kwaqala Ephakathi, igama elithi siboniswa imibhalo ntshumayelo ebhaliwe ngokumelene Orthodox, abaqhubeka ukufunda onkulunkulu bamaqaba imihlatshelo.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuphawula ukuthi umqondo welithi "ezinkolelweni ezivamile" Uma unganakile kubonakala ezifanayo kwencazelo "ukholo ezimbili" kodwa ukuhlaziywa ezijulile kuba sobala ukuthi esimweni sokuqala sikhuluma imodi obunokuthula khona, futhi okwesibili - ukuba khona kweqembu eliphikisayo. конфликта между старой и новой верой. ukholo Dual - uphawu of ukungqubuzana elidala futhi lolu kholo olusha.

mayelana ubuqaba

Manje ake sixoxe ngale eside. Ngaphambi Ukubhapathizwa Rus ubuqaba kwakuwukuthi esikhundleni inkolo lwamaSlav lasendulo. Ngemva ukwamukelwa kobuKristu, elithi zaqala ukusetshenziswa kaningi ukuze uqoke Umuntu ongeyena umKristu, "izihambi" (angaphandle, zezihlubuki) umsebenzi. Igama elithi "amaqaba 'sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi umuntu izwi ezingcolile.

Ngokusho lokhu kuphawula ka Lotman zemfihlakalo, zobuqaba (Old isiko Russian) Nokho, asikwazi kuthathwe njengento okumelwe ampofu ngokuziqhathanisa inkolo yobuKristu, njengoba futhi kwanelisa isidingo sokukholelwa, futhi izigaba odlule saba khona, wasondelana kakhulu ubudlelwane phakathi kokukodwa nokuningi.

Ukubhapathizwa Russia. ukholo Dual. I nokuhlalisana ngokuthula yezinkolo

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ubuqaba Slavic ekwamukelweni ubuKristu ayenenkolelo ocacile, kodwa abavikeli abashisekayo nabaphikisi bamakhosi lolu kholo olusha eRussia lezwakala cha. Abantu ababhapathizwa, abazange baqonde ukuthi ukwamukelwa ubuKristu Bobu-Orthodox kwakuzosho ukwenqaba imikhuba yobuqaba izinkolelo.

AmaRashiya sidilizwa akahambanga umzabalazo esebenzayo nobuKristu, nje ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, abantu baqhubeka abanamathela imikhuba ngaphambilini yokutholwa, ungakhohlwa inkolo entsha.

UbuKristu eyayihambisana izithombe ngokucace, ethize ukuze izinkolelo ngaphambili. Umuntu angaphetha amKrestu futhi usazoba yabantu abangamaqaba. Ngokwesibonelo, abantu abakwazanga Easter ukumemeza ethi abanikazi ihlathi mayelana nokuvuka kukaKristu. Izindlu leshim futhi kwalethwa amakhekhe amaqanda.

umzabalazo evulekile

, однако, не всегда носило характер тихого сосуществования. ukholo Dual eRussia Nokho, ngaso sonke isikhathi kwadingeka ubunjalo nokuhlalisana ngokuthula. Ngezinye izikhathi alwa "ukubuya Thixo."

Empeleni, lokhu wavezwa ngokumiswa abahlakaniphileyo abantu behlasela ukholo entsha namandla. Vula ukungqubuzana kwezindlela zokuphila sonke isikhathi wabonwa ngabantu abathathu kuphela. Kuyaziwa ukuthi amalungu Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla amandla phezu kwesikhulu kuphela ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho abavikeli zobuqaba waqala ukusabisa abantu futhi ukuhlwanyela ukungezwani ngoba bayazi.

Mayelana ukubekezelelana kobuKristu eRussia

A isici esihle inkolo entsha kwaba ukubekezelelana eliphezulu isiko kusungulwa. amandla kwesikhulu wayehlakaniphile ukujwayela abantu entsha ngokukholwa ngendlela ethambile. Kuyaziwa ukuthi eNtshonalanga, uhulumeni ezama ngokuphelele ukuqeda amasiko luthole ukuthi kukho kumvusele impi iminyaka eminingi.

Institute leSonto Lobu-Orthodox e-Russia izimali izinkolelo kobuqaba umqondo Christian okuqukethwe. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke kukhona Echoes zobuqaba, akungabazeki, amaholide afana noKhisimusi Carols futhi Mardi Gras.

Ngokwabacwaningi

не мог оставить равнодушной общественность и выдающиеся умы разных поколений. Lo mkhuba ukholo ezimbili eRussia ayikwazanga bahlala banganandaba emphakathini futhi izingqondo bhá izizukulwane ezahlukene.

Ikakhulukazi, NM Galkovsky, isazi-Russian, waveza ukuthi abantu bamukele ubuKristu Bobu-Orthodox, kodwa hhayi ukholo olujulile wayazi ukuthi, nakuba ngenhloso, abazange bazilahle izinkolelo yobuqaba.

sibalo Public D. Obolensky laphawula nokuthi ophakathi kobuKristu abantu izinkolelo kwaba ubutha futhi wakhetha 4 ezingeni nokuxhumana phakathi kwabo, ezibonisa ngamazinga ahlukene ubuhlobo imibono Christian nezinkolelo yobuqaba.

Ososayensi Marxists eSoviet Union inselelo zokungazi abantu, wagomela ngokuthi iningi labo uyaqaphela ababephikisana ukholo lobuKristu.

Umvubukuli Soviet B. A. Rybakov owakhuluma obala mayelana ukungezwani phakathi orthodox zezinkolelo ezithandwayo.

Kwezinye ososayensi Soviet izikhathi emphakathini, ezifana TP Pavlov futhi Y. Kryanev, wakhuluma ngesimo ukungabi khona nenzondo esobala, kodwa bahlakulele umqondo ukuthi ukuzila Christian awuzange blizokoptimisticheskomu isiko kwemizwelo yobuqaba.

Imibono B. Uspensky futhi Lotman ubonisa nomqondo webumbacambili isiko Russian.

Feminists waphikisa ngokuphelele ecaleni omuhle emfundisweni yobuKristu futhi kuchazwa ngokuthi "owesilisa 'amafilosofi aqondiswe elidala Russian uhlelo inkolelo yakho" abesifazane ". Ngokusho M. Matosyan, isonto ihlulekile ngokuphelele ukubabulala isiko ezingamaqaba ngenxa yokuthi abesifazane bakwazi ukushintsha nebhalansi ubuKristu yamaqaba.

A owaziwayo ka-Eva. Levin ibonisa ukuthi iningi abacwaningi baye bazama ukuhlukanisa phakathi izinkolelo Orthodox yasendulo ngaphandle sicabangela ngisho kancane ligamanxa phakathi kwazo. Ngokuvamile, umlobi waphawula ukuthi umqondo wokuba khona ukholo ezimbili kumelwe abe umuntu okungekho umqondo njengamagama alulazayo.

Ukubhapathizwa Russia. ukubaluleka zezombusazwe

umcimbi benkolo nabezombangazwe Okwakuvelele kwaba ukwamukelwa kobuKristu. возникло в результате наложения идей православия на языческие традиции. ukholo Dual kwaba umphumela ephoqelela imibono yenkolelo isekelwe emikhubeni yobuqaba. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa ilula ngempela ukuqonda, kusukela kwamukelwa ukholo - Lena inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi okuyiwona kwadingeka ukuba zidlule ekhulwini. Olulahliwe izinkolelo Slavic ukuthi abantu ngeke bakwazi, ngoba kwaba isiko eminyaka ubudala.

Ebhekisela ungubani umuntu owaqala emkhubeni sikhathi ngokuphathelene nobhapathizo. Prince uVladimir sasingeyona into entsha. athambekele ekusebenziseni indoda ubungcwele. Kuyaziwa ukuthi wabulala umfowabo Jaropolk esidlangalaleni wadlwengula kuthathwe inkosazana eyisithunjwa, futhi wathatha imihlatshelo isiko labantu ezaziwayo.

Kule ndaba, kufanele ukholelwe ukuthi ukwamukelwa wobuKristu akazange isinyathelo kudingekile zezombusazwe ukuthi avunyelwe uVladimir ukuqinisa isimo Prince futhi babe nobuhlobo ukuhweba nge eByzantium ikhiqize kakhudlwana.

Kungani kukhethwa wawa ebuKristwini

возникла после принятия христианства, но мог ли князь Владимир обратить Русь в другую веру? Ngakho, le nkinga ukholo ezimbili wasuka emva ukwamukelwa kobuKristu, kodwa Prince uVladimir Rus owayengakhokha kwenye inkolo? Sizozama ukuqonda.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukwamukelwa Islam eRussia lasendulo kwakungenakwenzeka. Kulesi inkolo kukhona kuvinjelwe ukusetshenziswa uphuzo uphuzo. Lokhu isikhulu ababengenamandla okukuthola, njengoba isiko kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukuxhumana nethimba. ukudla Common ashiwoyo, ngokuqinisekile utshwala. Ukunqatshwa isiphuzo ezinjalo zingaholela nemiphumela eyinhlekelele: isikhulu ungase ulahlekelwe squad ukwesekwa kodwa ngangingeke ngikwazi ukugwema.

Nge amaKatolika uVladimir wenqaba ukuxoxisana.

AmaJuda isikhulu wenqaba, ebonisa ukuthi bakhona bagcwele wonke umhlaba, futhi akafuni uthola isiphetho esinjena Rusich.

Ngakho isikhulu wayenezizathu ukwenza isiko sokubhapathizwa, okuyinto emenza ukholo ezimbili. , скорее всего, было мероприятие, носившее политический характер. Kungenzeka, kwaba umcimbi wazalela uhlamvu yezombangazwe.

Kiev nokubhapathizwa Novgorod

Ngokusho esekhona umlando, umbhaphathizo Rus 'wethulwa Kiev.

Ngokusho kobufakazi, echazwe N. S. Gordienko, kungashiwo baphetha ngokuthi ubuKristu ebekwa Prince uVladimir ngesimo umyalo, ngaphezu, kwathatha sisondele kuye. Ngenxa yalokho, ingxenye enkulu abantu abavamile bakwazi Ngokuqinisekile ngibona kule kokuhlubuka isiko okholweni Russian lasendulo ukuthi emenza ukholo ezimbili. проявление народного сопротивления ясно описано в книге Кира Булычева «Тайны Руси», где говорится о том, что новгородцы вели отчаянное сражение за верования славян, но после сопротивления город подчинился. Lena ukubonakaliswa ukumelana ethandwa kuchazwe ngokucacile encwadini Kira Bulycheva "Izimfihlo Russia", othi abantu of Novgorod babe impi sokungabi izinkolelo lwamaSlav, kodwa ngemva ukumelana edolobheni wayenza ngokuvumelana nawo. It kuvela ukuthi abantu abahlangani izidingo ezingokomoya ukuba afihle lokho ayikho ukholo olusha, ngakho-ke, wayengathi banesimo sengqondo esingaqondile ukuze rites yobuKristu.

Uma sikhuluma indlela ubuKristu kwavunyelwana ekhatsi Kiev, lapha konke kwakuhluke kakhulu ukwedlula kwamanye amadolobha. Njengoba kuboniswa L. N. Gumilov emsebenzini wakhe "Rus Basendulo asemaqeleni Omkhulu", wonke umuntu owafika Kiev afuna ukuhlala khona, kwakusadingeka isamukele Lobu-Orthodox.

Ukuchazwa lwenkolo yobuKristu eRussia

Ngakho, ngemva ukwamukelwa ukholo lokuthatheka, njengoba kwacaca ukuthi, amasiko yobuKristu futhi imikhuba yobuqaba eduze ukungena nomunye. 13-14 века. Kukholakala ukuthi ngesikhathi ukholo ezimbili - ke 13-14 leminyaka.

Noma kunjalo, ezweni Angamakhulu Izahluko (1551) yaphawula ukuthi kwabona abapristi wasebenzisa emikhosini yobuqaba, ngokwesibonelo, lapho ibekwe ngaphansi esihlalweni sobukhosi usawoti isikhathi esithile, bese wayinika abantu ekwelapheni izifo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona izibonelo lapho indela, okwadingeka ingcebo enkulu, uye wasebentisa yonkhe imali akuyona ukwenza ngcono izimpilo zabantu, futhi izidingo isonto. Ngemva walahlekelwa yonke impahla kanye eba mpofu, abantu bemfulathela futhi akabange esaba sizokwenza ukuPhila ongcwele. Ngenxa yalokho, wachitha yonke imali yabo akuyona ukulondoloza umphefumulo, kodwa isifiso umvuzo.

Njengoba kuye kwaphawulwa ucwaningo lwabo Froyanov I. Ya., Old iSonto Lobu-Orthodox kwaba ilungu ngaphezulu enophephela. Isonto Institute ekhathalela imisebenzi kahulumeni kanye ukudonselwa ukuphila komphakathi, ababegcina abapristi amathuba okuwenza ekusakazekeni kobuKristu phakathi kwabantu abavamile, ngakho ungamangali ngamandla izinkolelo ezingamaqaba ngezikhathi zangaphambi Mongol Russia.

Izenzo ukholo ezimbili, ngaphezu ngesonto Pancake, namuhla yokuvuka at emathuneni, lapho kuyodliwa isizwe, futhi "aphathe" abafileyo.

Enye iholide owaziwa - Usuku Ivana Kupala sika, coinciding ngokuzalwa Ioana Krestitelya.

Ukubonakaliswa oyiqaba noChristian izinkolelo imibukiso ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ikhalenda, lapho igama elingcwele engeza yiliphi igama, isibonelo, Basil ukuvuza, Catherine Sannitsa.

Ngakho, kufanele siqaphele ukuthi inkolelo ezimbili aseRussia sesakhiwe ngaphandle ukubandakanywa ngamasiko asendulo, wanika iSonto Lobu-Orthodox izici Umhlaba yasekuqaleni, hhayi ngaphandle charm yayo.