Indlela ukucacisa resistors amandla. Amandla resistors ngokuqondene parallel

Zonke izinto zobuchwepheshe zimumethe resistors, kukhona isici zabo eziyinhloko. Ngalo, ukushintsha inani samanje wesifunda kagesi. Isihloko kuveza izakhiwo resistors, namandla abo izindlela ukubala.

aphoyintimenti Resistor

Ukuze ulungise resistors zamanje ezisetshenziswa ezifundeni kagesi. Le mpahla kuchazwa ngumthetho Ohm sika:

I = U / R (1)

Kusukela ifomula (1) kungabonakala ngokucacile ukuthi ezincane ekumelaneni kulapho ukwanda samanje, futhi Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezincane R, aba maningi zamanje. Kuyinto lokhu impahla we ukumelana kagesi isetshenziswa Ihluzo Elingafaki Ukuqoka. Ngesisekelo kule formula ezakamuva ehlukanisayo wesifunda evame ukusetshenziswa kumadivayisi kagesi.

Kulesi wesifunda wamanje kusuka kumthombo ihlukaniswe ezimbili inhlukanozigaba kuya resistances ka resistors.

Futhi Ukulungisa zamanje resistors elisetshenziswa the ehlukanisayo voltage. Kulokhu, futhi usebenzisa umthetho Ohm sika, kodwa ifomu ukuhluka:

U = mina ∙ R (2)

Kusukela ifomula (2) ukuthi kwandisa ne nokwanda kokunqikaza voltage. Le mpahla isetshenziselwa ukwakha izifunda voltage abahlukanisi.

Kusukela umdwebo kanye Formula (2) kuyacaca ukuthi voltage yonkana resistors basakazwa silingane resistances.

Image resistors izikimu

Ngokwe resistors ejwayelekile amelwa isikwele nge izilinganiso 10 x 4 mm okhonjiswe incwadi R. amandla resistors ku scheme ngokuvamile ibonisa. Ukubona lokhu inkomba wenziwa odwi ngqo noma etshekile. Uma amandla 2 Watts, isiqu kwenziwa zesi-Roman. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenziwa kwentambo resistors. Kwezinye izifundazwe, isibonelo e-United States, ezinye izimpawu ezisetshenziswa. Ukwenza lula ukulungisa kanye nokuhlaziywa uhlelo zivame ukuliveza amandla resistors, isiqu zazo wenziwa ngokuhambisana GOST 2.728-74.

izici Technical amadivayisi

Isici esiyinhloko we Resistor - the okuzisholo ukumelana R _n, okuboniswe kulombhalo eduze Resistor kanye nezindlu zawo. Yokukala yokumelana - ikhilo th futhi mega. resistors Manufactured nge nanokuphikiswa amafraktjhini emakhulwini ohms futhi megohms. Kunezindlela eziningi ubuchwepheshe ukukhiqizwa Resistor, futhi konke ngebuhle nebubi. Ngomqondo onabile, ayikho i-technology ayezosenza ncamashi ukukhiqiza Resistor nge predetermined ukumelana value.

A isici esibalulekile yesibili ukumelana kuka. It is kulinganiswa ngo% we okuzisholo ububanzi R. Kukhona ejwayelekile impedance ukuphambuka: ± 20, ± 10 ± 5, ± 2, ± 1%, futhi kuze ukubaluleka ± 0.001%.

Esinye isici esibaluleke iyona resistors amandla. Emsebenzini basuke ukufuthelana ngokudlula emhlabeni wamanje ngokusebenzisa kwabo. Uma ukushabalalisa amandla idlula ukubaluleka ovumelekile ke idivayisi ehluleka.

Nge Ukushisa resistors ukushintsha ukumelana labo, ngakho amadivayisi ezisebenza ngendlela ebanzi lokushisa ububanzi, is kwaletha esinye isici - Coefficient lokushisa ukumelana naye. It is kulinganiswa ngo ppm / ° C, isb 10 ^-6 R _n / ° C (sesigidi ingxenye R _n 1 ° C).

uxhumano serial resistors

I resistors kungenziwa exhunywe ngezindlela ezintathu ezahlukene: serial, kuqondane and okuxubile. Nge uchungechunge uxhumano wamanje yanjalo ligijima yonke resistors.

Nale uxhumano wamanje nganoma yingasiphi circuit kuyafana, kungashiwo ochazwa ngumthetho Ohm sika. Isifunda impedance kulokhu isamba resistances:

R = 200 + 100 + 51 + 39 = 390 ohms;

I = U / R = 100/390 = 0.256 A.

Manje sesingasho ukuthi siqiniseka ukucacisa resistors amandla uchungechunge uxhumano, kulinganiselwa by ifomula:

P = mina ² ∙ R = 0,256 ² 390 ∙ = 25,55 Watts.

Ngokufanayo, amandla asele kunqunywa resistors:

P ₁ = mina ₁ ² ∙ R ² = ^0,256 = ^13,11 ∙ 200 W;

P ₂ = mina ² ∙ R ₂ = 0.256 ² ∙ 100 W = 6,55;

₃ P = mina ² ∙ R ₃ = 0,256 ² ∙ 51 = 3.34 W;

P ₄ = mina ² ∙ R ₄ = 0.256 ∙ ² 39 = 2.55 Watts.

Uma ungeza resistors amandla, uthola P ngokugcwele:

P = 13,11 + 6,55 + 3,34 + 2,55 = 25,55 Watts.

Uxhumano okucishe kufane nalokhu resistors

Ekuqaleni uxhumano okucishe kufane nalokhu zonke resistors uxhumeke kuleyo wesifunda node, bese imicu - kwenye. Uma ixhunywe amagatsha amanje nawesikhathi kugeleza kudivayisi ngalinye. Inani lamanje ngokomthetho Ohm sika, kuyinto inhlukanozigaba kuya resistances kanye voltage zonke resistors efanayo.

Ngaphambi uthola wamanje, kubalulekile ukubala conductivity isamba resistors formula owaziwa:

1 / R = 1 / R ₁ + 1 / R ₂ + 1 / R ₃ + 1 / R _{= 1/200 + 4 1/} 100 + 1/51 + 1/39 = 0.005 + 0.01 + 0.0196 + 0.0256 0.06024 = 1 / Ohm.

Ukumelana - the ephambene conductivity:

R = 1 / 0,06024 = 16,6 ohms.

Ukusebenzisa umthetho Ohm sika, thola wamanje ngokusebenzisa umthombo:

I = U / R = 100 ∙ 0,06024 = 6,024 A.

Ukwazi wamanje ngokusebenzisa amandla umthombo axhunyiwe e parallel resistors formula:

P = mina ² ∙ R = 6,024 ² ∙ 16,6 = 602,3 Watt.

Ngokusho umthetho Ohm sika wamanje ngokusebenzisa Resistor ibalwa:

Mina ₁ = U / R ₁ = _100/200 = 0,5 A;

Mina ₂ = U / R ₂ = _100/100 = 1 A;

₃ Mina = U / R ₁ = _100/51 = _1,96 A;

Mina ₁ = U / R ₁ = _100/39 = _2,56 A.

Kancane ifomula ezahlukene kungaba abale resistors amandla uxhumano asifane:

P ₁ = U ² / R ^₁ = 100 _2/200 = 50 W;

P ₂ = U ² / R ^₂ = 100 ^_2/100 = 100 W;

P ₃ = U ² / R ^₃ = 100 _2/51 = _195,9 W;

₄ P = U ² / R ^₄ = 100 _2/39 = _256,4 Watts.

Uma konke lokhu ukungeza, uthola yonke resistors amandla:

P = P ₁ + P ₂ + P ₃ + P _{= 50 + 4 100 + 195.9 +} 256.4 = 602.3 Watts.

kwakwakhe okuxubile

Isikimu elixutshwe kwakwakhe resistors zimumethe ezilandelanayo futhi kanyekanye uxhumano ngokulinganisa. Leli cebo kulula ukuguqula, esikhundleni uxhumano parallel we Resistor e chungechunge. Ukuze bavale isikhala salo le ukumelana R lokuqala ₂ futhi R ₆ at R zabo ezivamile _2.6, kusetshenziswa indlela ngezansi:

R _2,6 = R ₂ ∙ R ₆ / R ₂ + R _6.

Ngokufanayo, esikhundleni sayo kufakwe resistors ezimbili okuhambisana R _4, R _5, R a _4.5:

R _4,5 = R ₄ ∙ R ₅ / R ₄ + R _5.

Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka, wesifunda amaningi amasha elula. Bobabili izikimu kukhonjisiwe ngezansi.

Amandla resistors e Isikimu kwakwakhe elixutshwe kuchazwe ifomula:

P = U ∙ I.

Ukuze abale kule formula kukhona voltage lokuqala sinqamula i Resistor ngamunye futhi ubukhulu bale therethrough zamanje. Ungasebenzisa enye indlela ukucacisa resistors amandla. Ngenxa yalesi ifomula isetshenziswa:

P = U ∙ mina = (mina ∙ R) ∙ mina = mina ² ∙ R.

Uma wazi kuphela voltage yonkana Resistor, bese usebenzisa ifomula ezahlukene:

P = U ∙ mina = U ∙ (U / R) = U ² / R.

Wonke amafomula ezintathu avame ukusetshenziswa umkhuba.

Ukubalwa wesifunda nemingcele

Ukubalwa wesifunda imingcele ukuthola imisinga engaziwa futhi voltages wonke amagatsha izingxenye wesifunda. Nge le datha, singakwazi ukubala amandla Resistor ngamunye likhona wesifunda. izindlela Simple ukubala aye eboniswe ngenhla, empeleni isimo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalokho.

Ezifundeni yangempela uxhumano ezivamile resistors inkanyezi futhi delta, okuyinto kudala ubunzima obukhulu e izibalo. Ukuze kube lula izifunda ezifana izindlela ukuguqulwa Star unxantathu zenzelwe, futhi okuphambene nalokho. Le ndlela ibizwa zichaziwe kulombhalo ngezansi:

Isikimu wokuqala ukubunjwa yayo inkanyezi exhunywe kwi-amayunithi 0-1-3. K-node 1 ixhunywe a Resistor R1 kuya engeyokuqala 3 - R3, futhi engeyokuqala 0 --R5. On the wesifunda wesibili exhunywe kwi-nodes 1-3-0 unxantathu resistors. Ukuze engeyokuqala 1 exhunywe resistors R1-0 futhi R1-3, ukuze Node 3 - R1-3 futhi R3-0, futhi Node 0 - R3-0 futhi R1-0. Lezi izikimu ezimbili kukhona okulingana ngokugcwele.

Ukuze inguquko kusukela wesifunda wokuqala wangemva unxantathu yesibili kukhona resistors ebalisisiwe:

R1-0 =-R1 + u-R5 + u-R1 ∙-R5 / R3;

R1-3 =-R1 + R3 + u-R1 ∙ R3 /-R5;

R3-0 = R3 + u-R5 + R3 ∙-R5 /-R1.

kugucuka Eminye ziyancipha sibalo resistors kuqondane and chungechunge-axhunyiwe. Lapho impedance kwe-circuit kutholakala, wathola umthetho Ohm sika wamanje ngokusebenzisa umthombo. Esebenzisa lo mthetho, kulula ukuthola Imisinga wonke amagatsha.

Indlela ukucacisa amandla Resistor ngemuva kokuthola yonke imisinga? Ngenxa yale njongo, ifomula owaziwa: P = mina ² ∙ R, ekusebenziseni, thola amandla abo ngayinye ukumelana layo.

ukuzimisela yokulinga izici izakhi wesifunda

kudingeka ukuqoqa isikimu kusengaphambili ingxenye yangempela ekutholweni yokulinga izici oyifunayo izici. Ngemva kwalokho, ngosizo zikagesi enze zonke izilinganiso ezidingekayo. Le ndlela isikhathi esiningi futhi kuyabiza. Onjiniyela amadivayisi kagesi nawe-elekthronikhi asetshenziselwe le nhloso simulators. Nabo zenziwa zonke izibalo ezidingekayo, futhi abalingisa ukuziphatha izakhi wesifunda etimeni letehlukene. Kuphela ngemva kwalokhu uya-prototype sedivayisi lobuchwepheshe. Enye yalezi zinhlelo evamile iyi sekulingisa enamandla Multisim 14.0 System National Instruments inkampani.

Indlela ukucacisa resistors amandla lolu hlelo? Lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili. Indlela yokuqala - kuyinto ukukala wamanje kanye voltage nge voltmeter futhi ammeter. Ukuphindaphinda imiphumela izilinganiso, amandla adingekayo eyatholakala.

Kule wesifunda inquma ukumelana R3 amandla:

P ₃ = U ∙ mina = 1.032 ∙ 0,02 = 0,02064 W = 20.6 MW.

Eyesibili indlela - yokukala oqondile kwamandla usebenzisa imitha amandla.

Kule wesifunda lokho kuyinkomba yokuthi leyompahla ukumelana R3 ilingana amandla P ₃ = 20.8 MW. I iphutha ngenxa yamaphutha indlela yokuqala ngaphezulu. Ngokufanayo, amandla tincenye letisele bazimisele.