Indlela uxove ukhonkolo: Ingxenye (etafuleni)

Ngaphambi uhlanganise ukhonkolo, inani lemikhaya okuzokwenziwa ashiwo ngezansi, yezingxenye kufanele kukhethwe ngendlela efanele. Ngokuvamile, ukhonkolo inhlanganisela, ngokusekelwe - lokubolekwa ahlukahlukene kanye usimende. Ngakho, ukhonkolo iqukethe amatshe, amatshe, amatshe, isihlabathi usimende. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, izithasiselo ekhethekile uhlobo plasticizers ingasetshenziswa. umsebenzi wabo ukuze udlulisele izakhiwo ezithile ngokhonkolo. Asikwazi ukuhlukanisa izici eyinhloko ukhonkolo, okuyinto amandla compressive. Kususelwa amandla isixazululo ngemva lukhuni ihlukaniswe yaba uphawu.

Ukwakheka ukhonkolo

Uma ukucabanga nendlela mix ukhonkolo, inani lemikhaya okuzokwenziwa ezisohlwini sihloko, okokuqala udinga ukwazi ukuthi uhlobo elula ngokhonkolo yakhiwa usimende nesihlabathi indawo. isixazululo enjalo ngokuvamile lisetshenziswa njengendlela substrate ngaphansi kwesisekelo isakhiwo. Lapho kwakhiwa yengezwe ngo esincane amanzi ukuze ikhambi attained kwabantu ezimanzi Inhlabathi. Uma kukhona isidingo sokulungiselela ukhonkolo okuhlala isikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukuyisebenzisa njenge-imfucumfucu isimeli, uqhekeko lapho kuhluka 3 mm kuya 35 mm.

Ukukhetha enkulu

Ngaphambi mix ukhonkolo, ingxenye kufanele uhlole. Ngekwetinhloso letehlukene kudingeka ukulungiselela obuphathekayo izingoma ezihlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, uma kuthiwa yakha balusters, ngokukhetha yamathebhu, athandeka kakhulu kunokumemeza oye elimaphakathi noma ingxenyenamba esihle. Kuyefana nasendleleni ngokugcwalisa izinto engadini, izakhi okuhlobisa nezinyathelo. Okuvame kakhulu-aspect ratio ukulungiswa ukhonkolo kucatshangwa 1: 3: 6, maqondana usimende, inhlabathi kanye ekuhlanganisweni. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ingxenye noma ingxenye eyodwa yamanzi, okuzokwenziwa kunqunywa flowability edingekayo yesixazululo.

Uma ukucabanga nendlela mix ukhonkolo, inani lemikhaya izinto okumelwe icatshangelwe, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba banake indlela yokwakheka izithako. Ngakho, uma isihlabathi has a lomswakama ephakeme kunokujwayelekile, kufanele pre-omisiwe, njengoba kuyoba umxhwele nakakhulu ngesisindo, kunalokho okudingekayo ukulungiswa isixazululo lesifanele. Kuyefana nasendleleni uhlalwane.

Olinganise ukulungiswa uhlobo oluthile ngokhonkolo

Ukuze ukulungiselela ukhonkolo M100 umkhiqizo usimende M400, uzodinga ukusebenzisa usimende, isihlabathi futhi amatshe e-ratio ezilandelayo - 1: 4.6: 7. Kodwa womshini grade ukhonkolo M 150 kuyoba kudingekile ukulungisa zonke izinto ezifanayo, kodwa endaweni isilinganiso ethé ukuhluka kancane, usimende ukuthi kusetshenziswe imali eyodwa ingxenye, kuyilapho isihlabathi isetshenziswa inani 3.5, kodwa imfucumfucu ozofakwa ngokulingana 5.7. Ukuze ukulungiselela M200 ukhonkolo kuyoba kudingekile ukulungisa izinto ezisohlwini ratio 1: 2.8: 4.8. Ukuze ukulungiselela isixazululo 250 uphawu M, kubalulekile ukulungiselela izinto esikhungweni isilinganiso 1: 2.1: 3.9. Ukulungisa isixazululo M master 300 kuzothatha lokhu kwaziswa Ingxenye 1: 1.9: 3.7. Ukhonkolo uphawu M 400 eyatholakala uma feedstock isetshenziswe ezingxenyeni ezinemiqondo Ingxenye 1: 1.2: 2.7. Ukhonkolo uphawu M uya 450, uma sisebenzisa isilinganiso 1: 1.1: 2.5.

Okufuneka izingxenye

Ngaphambi nomkhombe ukhonkolo, inani kufanele uzifunde ngokucophelela. Kodwa akukhona ukuthi kubaluleke kuphela ukugcina ukulinganisela okufanele, kodwa futhi acabangele izidingo ezisebenza ingxenye yesixazululo ngamunye. Ngokwesibonelo, uma usebenzisa i-brand usimende M 400 esikhundleni M 500, ngemuva solidification isakhiwo ngeke kuqine. Kunoma ikuphi, manipulation ukhonkolo ayikwazi ekhiqizwa ezingeni lokushisa ngezansi 16 ⁰ C. Uma kuphakama isidingo, kuyodingeka ukusebenzisa plasticizers.

Ngaphambi nomkhombe ukhonkolo, ngezabelo eyaziwa kahle. Kubalulekile ukuba banake isimo izingxenye ngabanye. Usimende, isibonelo, kumelwe abe umuntu okungekho-esilazayo, kodwa futhi ezomile hhayi kuphela. Musa ukuthenga usimende, yakhiwa izigaxa noma ube nomswakama eliphezulu. Akubalulekile ukuthenga umkhiqizo esingavunyelwe ilebula. Kungcono ukuthola usimende ngaphambi nje kokuqala umsebenzi, njengoba ngesikhatsi isitoreji ke uyakwazi ukuthola umswakama bese ulahlekelwa izinga yabo. isikhathi ezinconyiwe yokufuna usimende - 2 amaviki ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi.

Izimfuneko isihlabathi

Uma ucabanga ku umbuzo kanjani xova kahle olinganise ukhonkolo ekuwulungiseleleni kungabonwa ngenhla. Kuyadingeka ukuba acabangele ikhwalithi isihlabathi, ezizosetshenziswa emsebenzini. Lokuphatsekako akukhetha ukusebenzisa isihlabathi uqhekeko lapho kuhluka 1.5 kuya 5 mm. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa ubukhulu isihlabathi iyunifomu, ukubunjwa yayo akufanele akhiphe amanyela. Nakekela ukuthi esihlabathini kwakungekho ukwakhiwa imfucuza nezitshalo izinsalela. Ukuba khona zonke lezi izingxenye kungase kudingeke nomthelela izinga ukhonkolo. Uma sesizwile, kulokho olinganise ukuxubanisa ukhonkolo, ungaqala ukusebenza. Kodwa-ke akudingekile ukuba asebenzise izinto ezingakenziwa kusukela ihlolwe ngekhwalithi. Ngakho, ukuthembeka isihlabathi okungcono idlule ngesihlungo. It Kunconywa eliphezulu ukhonkolo esetshenziswa emfuleni isihlabathi, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kuyabiza kuqhathaniswa nalabo okuthiwa gullies.

fillers

Uma ukhathazekile mayelana nendlela mix ukhonkolo, inani lemikhaya ithebula ukunquma. Kubalulekile ukucabangela futhi ikhwalithi lokubolekwa. Ziyabaqinisa ukhonkolo ngemva kokuphulukisa. Ngakho, musa ukusebenzisa avamile noma amatshe ulwandle, esesikhundleni surface bushelelezi futhi akuqinisekisi kuheleza ikhambi. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa impahla ukuthi uye wahlukanisa nemvelo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, esetshenziselwa ukulungiswa ukhonkolo, ukhonkolo block, okuyinto linesisindo ngokwanele, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo has a isisindo ongaphakeme. Ukukhetha amatshe ingxenyenamba kufanele aqondiswe ku ezahlukene 8 kuya 35 mm. izakhi kwamaqembu Okukhulu asetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni, okuyinto ivelakancane. Kulokhu, kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuba acabangele iqiniso lokuthi fillers kufanele kube lemali kunabo inclusions nezingahlobene nendaba ngobumba. Uma kudingekile, udinga ukukhulula impahla eluhlaza kusuka doti angaphandle. Kubalulekile ukukhetha yamathebhu, okuyinto has a esiphezulu ebusweni maholoholo. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa high bamba.

izingxenye ezengeziwe

Uma ukucabanga nendlela uhlanganise aphathekako mixer ukhonkolo, olinganise ebhalwe ngenhla ingasetshenziswa nguwe. Kubalulekile ungacabangi nje kuphela ubuhlobo kodwa futhi isidingo izingxenye ezengeziwe. Lime ungabahlukanisa phakathi kwabo. On kuzoxoxwa ngezansi. Isetshenziselwa lapho kuhlangana kuhle isixazululo amanzi izinga. Kufanele abe ohlanzekile, akufanele kube inclusions ngesimo acid kanye alkalis. Akuvumelekile ukusebenzisa ongahluziwe noma emfuleni, ichibi lamanzi. Amanzi efanelekayo ukuphuza, ingasetshenziswa ekulungiseleleni ukhonkolo.

izithasiselo

Uma kukhona isidingo sokwenza ukhonkolo kulula emakhiyubhi, ingasetshenziswa inqubo ukuxuba ukubunjwa lime. Sebehambise isixazululo okulungiselelwe ne ukusetshenziswa kwaso, kuyoba lula bushelelezi kwamanzi. Kodwa kuwufanele ukukhumbula ukuthi lime uyakwazi ukuvimbela usimende kanye yamathebhu, okuyinto eziqukethwe Ukwakheka, ezingasetshenziswa kakhulu kulwenze buthaka. Ngakho, ukusetshenziswa lime noma cha, kudingeka unqume ukuthi master. Ungacabangi ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalo kungaba nzima kakhulu, asikho isidingo wokukucima ngokwabo. Kunalokho, ungasebenzisa ready- lime slaked edayiswa ezitolo zokwakha.

Ekuphetheni

Ngaphambi uhlanganise ukhonkolo, olinganise (abazi zingafani mixer) kufanele kucatjangwe ngako ngekucophelela. Lolu chungechunge luyonikeza eliphezulu ukhonkolo, okuyinto emva solidification libhekene ukuqina okusezingeni eliphezulu.