The main isitshalo izicubu: incazelo ephelele

Kwangezikhathi - isakhiwo ehlanganisa sebuningini amaseli afanayo ezithinta imisebenzi evamile. Zonke izilwane ezinamangqamuzana amaningi nezitshalo (ngaphandle ulwelwe) aqukethe izinhlobo ezahlukene izicubu.

Yiziphi Indwangu?

Ngo kwezicubu isilwane zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezine:

• EPITHELIAL;
• imisipha;
• nezixhumi;
• izicubu sezinzwa.

Bonke ngothi lwabo, ngaphandle sezinzwa, ahlukaniswe kukufake zilwane. Ngakho, epithelium kungaba cubic, flat, cylindrical, ciliated futhi ebucayi. Imisipha izicubu sehlukaniswe striated, inhliziyo futhi abushelelezi. Group ingamafutha zezinzwa, fibrous awugqinsi, fibre okuxekethile, reticular, ethanjeni uqwanga, igazi lymph.

Plant kwezicubu kukhona lezi zinhlobo:

• imfundo;
• conductive;
• enamathela;
• izicubu ngemishini;
• excretory (secretory);
• izicubu oyisisekelo (parenchyma).

Bonke zihlukaniswe sub-maqembu. Ngakho-ke, izicubu zemfundo kukhona esibulalayo, ejotshelelwayo, ohlangothini nesilonda. Conductive luhlukaniswe xylem futhi phloem. izindwangu Ukumboza ukuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezintathu: i-epidermis, ukhokho futhi Cork. Manual sehlukaniswe collenchyma futhi sclerenchyma. izicubu Secretory sehlukaniswe zilwane. A izicubu ezinkulu isitshalo, njengazo zonke abanye, ngezinhlobo eziningi. Ake sihlole kubo ngokuningiliziwe.

Uyini izicubu isitshalo main?

Kukhona ezine nohlobo lwayo. Ngakho, indwangu main kuyinto:

• yamanzi;
• womoya;
• nokwenziwa;
• isitokwe up.

Sinenkosi isakhiwo esifanayo, kodwa abe ezinye umehluko kusuka komunye nomunye. Umsebenzi oyinhloko lezi zinhlobo ezine izicubu futhi uhlukile.

Isakhiwo lendwangu: umbono jikelele

Okwakha zonke izinhlobo ezine yakhiwa ngamangqamuzana aphilayo enezindonga mncane. Kwangezikhathi yalolu hlobo kangaka okuthiwa ngoba ziyisisekelo zonke izitho ezibalulekile. Manje ake sibheke Imisebenzi kanye nezimiso zakwa okwakha uhlobo ngayinye ngokuningiliziwe.

Amanzi esindayo izicubu: lokuphatselene nesakhiwo nemsebenti

Indwangu esemqoka yalolu hlobo yakhiwa lamaseli esikhulu babe izindonga mncane. Esikhathini vacuoles lamaseli ijwabu lwamafinyila iqukethe isakhi esithile esikhethekile esiklanyelwe ukuba agcine eziningi umswakama.

Imisebenzi yamanzi Indwangu itholakala lokuthi ukuthi igcine umswakama.

Ingabe amanzi esindayo parenchyma e ngeziqu kanye amaqabunga izitshalo ezifana Cacti, e-agave, Aloe, nezinye, ezikhulayo sezulu esingenamvula. Ngenxa inqwaba izicubu enjalo isitshalo Thenga kakhulu amanzi uma imvula ngeke kuthathe isikhathi.

Izici womoya parenchyma

ecashile izicubu amaseli zinhlobo kude komunye nomunye. Phakathi kukhona izikhala intercellular lapho umoya lilondolozwe.

Umsebenzi we parenchyma ukuthi inikeza amaseli nezinye izicubu izitshalo nge-carbon dioxide ne-oksijini.

Kukhona izicubu enjalo emzimbeni wabo ikakhulu e-marsh futhi ezimila emanzini. Ezweni akuvamile.

parenchyma Assimilative: lokuphatselene nesakhiwo nemsebenti

Siqukethe amaseli naphakathi mncane-ngabafaka.

Ngaphakathi izicubu iseli nokwenziwa sibaningi kukhona chloroplast - the organelles obhekene-photosynthesis.

Lezi organelles babe ulwelwesi ezimbili. Ngaphakathi thylakoids chloroplast kukhona - izikhwama discoid enzyme equkethwe kuwo. Basuke eqoqwe izinqwaba - grana. Kwakamuva oxhumene by a lamellar - side izakhiwo afana thylakoids. Ngaphezu kwalokho, chloroplast kukhona isitashi inclusions ribosome ezidingekayo zamagama amaprotheni, i-DNA ne-RNA indawo.

Inqubo ye-photosynthesis - odala izinto eziphilayo ukusuka wezinto nge-enzyme amandla elanga - kwenzeka thylakoids. Enzyme eyinhloko enikeza la zamakhemikhali ibizwa ngokuthi i-chlorophyll. Le into ihlaza (sibonga kuye amaqabunga neziqu zezitshalo babe lokhu umbala).

Ngakho, umsebenzi oyinhloko lolu hlobo izicubu - photosynthesis okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla, kanye negesi lokushintshisana.

Nokwenziwa izicubu athuthukile kakhulu amaqabunga elingenhla neziqu zezitshalo herbaceous. liphinde ekhona izithelo oluhlaza. Nokwenziwa izicubu akuyona phezu amaqabunga neziqu, futhi isikhumba esobala zokuzivikela.

Izici isitoreji parenchyma

Amaseli lokhu izicubu zinezikhathi njengoba Usayizi medium. ngaphakathi kwezindonga zabo ngokuvamile nomzimba omncane, kodwa kungenzeka uqweqwe.

Umsebenzi isitoreji parenchyma - isitoreji izakhamzimba. Ngenxa yalokho, ezimweni eziningi, siwulimi isitashi, inulin, nezinye carbohydrate, futhi ngezinye izikhathi - amaprotheni, amino acid kanye amafutha.

Kuyinto indwangu yalolu hlobo e imibungu imbewu izitshalo yonyaka, kanye kule endosperm. Ngo amakhambi zisetshenziswa, izihlahla, izimbali nezihlahla kuthiwa Stocking Indwangu kungenzeka ama, nezilimo eziyizigaxa, izimpande, kanye umnyombo stem.

isiphetho

The main Indwangu - ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni zalesi sihlahla, njengoba kuyintando ngesisekelo zonke izitho. Kwangezikhathi yalolu hlobo ukuhlinzeka zonke izinqubo ezibalulekile, kuhlanganise i-photosynthesis kanye negesi lokushintshisana. Futhi, izicubu eziyisisekelo obhekene ekudaleni yokusungula izinto eziningi eziphilayo (ngobuningi kuyinto isitashi) e izitshalo ngokwabo, kodwa futhi imbewu yabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho izakhi organic compounds ku parenchyma kungenziwa agodliwe umoya namanzi. Womoya nezicubu amanzi eziveza sonke izitshalo. I samanje lokuqala kuphela ogwadule, kanti eyesibili - in ixhaphozi zilwane.