Izincwadi: Umlando kanye ukubaluleka

Scientific futhi umsebenzi kwamasiko-okungokomoya sekuyisikhathi eside emkhakheni esibaluleke kunazo zonke ekuphileni komuntu nomphakathi. Nokho, yena lalingekho ngaphandle izindlela eziyisisekelo zokuxhumana - ulimi. Omunye omkhulu emlandweni wesintu kwaba Latin. Yena wadala isikhumbuzi abadumile etemibhalo yesayensi zezwe lasendulo. Izinhlamvu ulimi okuyisidingo endaweni nezihlakaniphi European, pundits, futhi yomoya ngoba ngemva kokuwa ngempucuko yasendulo iminyaka eminingi. Kuthiwa ithonya lazo kanye namuhla singaba nomuzwa ngobudala wesayensi okwanele. amazwi Roman nemishwana uye njalo evezwe imithi, umlando, ngefilosofi, izibalo. Ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, sesibonile ngisho eRussia yonke amakhulu usuku imibhalo ngezilimi zakwamanye amazwe. Njengomthetho, kuba English, engesiyo ihaba namuhla obusa imvelo kwamasiko kanye nokwaziswa planethi. Nokho, kwakungelula ngaso sonke isikhathi. IsiNgisi uthethe isikhundla ngamazwe kuphela kwelanga ka sebukholoni. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka ngaphambi lokhu kusho yokuxhumana zamazwe ahlukahlukene ndawonye owake wakhonza njengomdala Latin. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphandle kokukhetha, ezilimini zanamuhla European (futhi abanye European Central kanye izizwe kokubili Americas) aqukethe emibhalweni yabo izincwadi. Phela zezilimi of Latin nabantu zamaJalimane namuhla siyinzalo oqondile sokulotshwa lasendulo. Ngisho izilimi Uyi zamagama waleyo sici ngasekupheleni zangenkathi yamaGreki namaRoma kanye nezilimi zezigodi ngesihluku bendawo ngaphansi (njengoba ngesiNtaliyane noma iSpanishi) ukwabelana noma ngaphezulu (ngesiNgisi noma German) lakamuva.

Umsuka zamagama

Kodwa kwakukhona izincwadi ngokwabo? Yilokhu amadlozi bebelokhu empeleni? Uma umbe ujule ngisho nasezindleleni ubudala lasendulo, kuvela ukuthi lesi zamagama ngokuyinhloko ethathwe esiGrekini. Lesi sakamuva, esikhundleni salokho, kwaba yindlalifa ngqo waseFenike. Nokho, kwemvelo ngqo ukuthi ngesisekelo izinhlamvu yamaGreki asendulo kwakhiwa izincwadi, wazilandela ngokunembile kuze kube uyaphumelela. Kukhona umbono wokuthi inqubo kumiswa yabo kwaba nethonya ngokubhala Etruscan. Futhi kokuqagela okudume kakhulu izazi-mlando medium antichnikov kusukela idolobha Etruscan wabusa ngempela empilweni yamasiko nangokomoya, inhlonhlo ye-Italian esikhathini sangaphambi Roman (namakhosi lokuqala WamaRoma zaziziqhenya Etruscan wolimi). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyathakazelisa ukuphawula ukuthi umbhalo Etruscan kakhulu, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abavubukuli abuyiselwe liyibona, namanje undeciphered. Ngokuqondene zesi-Latin, owokuqala wathola kwakunemibhalo eqoshiwe sangomhla VII BC leminyaka Lokhu zamagama ekuqaleni lalinabashumayeli 21 izinhlamvu, 23 kamuva zasetshenziselwa ekuthuthukiseni kwesikhathi classical lamaRoma isiko. Khona amabutho aseRoma zigcinwe siqu imodeli yabo civilizational emazwekazini amathathu.

Izinhlamvu nezinombolo

Futhi kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi, ngaphandle zamagama abadumile, amaNtaliyane awunika emhlabeni futhi ohlelweni inombolo. Futhi Nokho lisetshenziswe isikhathi eside, ngokungafani izinhlamvu zaimela isitha esesabekayo. Zaba i Arab imodeli ukubala. Kuyinto yokugcina ubé elula kakhulu futhi ngempumelelo lokuqala empumalanga bese entshonalanga. Ukusetshenziswa zesi-Roman namuhla ngokuvamile ubukeka kunalokho intela nesiko kunokuhlobana ukwenza isidingo okunengqondo.