The esiphezulu umzimba zomthetho we Russian Federation. Basics wokusebenza

Umzimba eliphakeme zomthetho we Russian Federation - iyona ePhalamende Russian. UMbuso Duma kanye Federation Council of Federal Assembly of asenzayo Russian. NgokoMthethosisekelo, eyodwa kuphela isimo sikhungo has imisebenti ngekwemtsetfo. Kulokhu, uma uMbuso Duma yiningi elula izophela bill, uMkhandlu Federation Unelungelo Veto (wenqabe) kuya kakade evunywe endlini encane iPhalamende umthetho kahulumeni noma enye iyithuluzi elingokomthetho. Ngamanye amazwi, lo Federation Council ekuqaleni elawulwa futhi wawuqondisa umsebenzi zomthetho endaweni efanele ukuze sisetshenziswe umbuso. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngangokunokwenzeka ukunciphisa izinga izingxabano zezombangazwe kanye nokwamukela elilungile kakade, edition 'sokuthula' ka bill.

kumiswa

The esiphezulu umzimba zomthetho we Russian Federation - a ezimele. Nokho, umkhuba ekwakhekeni zamaphini we State Duma kanye senators Federation Council kuhluke bodwa. UMbuso Duma ayokhethelwa ngu ivoti eliyimfihlo ngesikhathi sokhetho. Manje igxilile uhlelo ezilinganiselwe, ukunikela nokuvotela uhlu party. Izihlalo abelwe ngokuvumelana Imiphumela yokugcina olusemthethweni lokuvota. Owinile ngokuphelele ungamandla zezombusazwe ukuthi ngazuza 50% plus 1 ivoti. Eminyakeni yamuva, 2/3 izihlalo Duma kulawulwa "United Russia".

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, le Federation Council kuhlanganisa abameleli kokubili izifunda (ezimbili kusukela isihloko Federation ngamunye), futhi izihambeli ezivela isiGungu nakwezomthetho. Senators kungukuthi akhethwe ngabantu, kuyiLegislative amandla Russian Federation, ngamanye amazwi, kokubili superordinate nabantu, nenchubokuphatsa zokuphatha.

Ukusebenza nokuvota

Izidumbu obuphakeme isishayamthetho Russian Federation uzathatha isinqumo ngokuhambisana nemithetho eyasungulwa zomthetho zokulawula kwezinkambiso. Okokuqala State Duma iqembu izinhlobo, okuyinto libala abamele amaqembu ngokuwina kanye nabo abo. Khona-ke ubuholi akhethwe endlini encane, okuyinto uphathiswe duty ungamela inqubo zomthetho, kanye nokudidiyela izenzo zabo nezinye iziphathimandla. Ukwamukelwa bill yilezo amadokhumenti, ekusekeleni ethole u-50% plus ivoti ePhalamende 1. By endleleni ivoti uya, ungakwazi ngokushesha ukuthi yimaphi ama iqembu kuyinto esivuna isinqumo, futhi yini - akukho. Ngemva kwalokho, izwi lakhe ithatha Federation Council, ekuhloleni umthethosivivinywa ngokuya kokubili bakwazi zezombusazwe futhi umphakathi. Uma ingaphakathi Federal Assembly of bonke zikhala ngaphambilini bavumelana, idokhumenti isivele asekelwe ngokungenamibandela bese uya uMongameli isignesha.

Kubalulekile ukuthi iziphathimandla eziphakeme we Russian Federation wesiShayamthetho akazange enze imisebenzi ukuqaliswa imithetho yokutholwa. Le misebenzi yenziwa apharathasi bureaucratic nezokuphatha. Nokho, Duma State unelungelo ukwakha noma ukuqalisa ukudalwa izinhlaka ezintsha federal, okwakwenza kube lula ukuthola imisebenzi zokulawula kanye asimeme.

ezingeni lesifunda

Isishayamthetho isihloko Russian Federation lucwaningo imisebenzi evamile ngokuvumelana wendawo imithetho ngokomthethosisekelo (charter), kuthatha isabelomali zesifunda, nezinye izenzo zomthetho ukubaluleka lesifunda. Kwakheka ku khetho lomasipala. Inani lamalungu luyehluka kuye ngokuthi labantu republic, indawo, indawo. Instrumentally subordinated kusistimu olulodwa kahle kwemandla embuso.