T-35: nemininingwane yobuchwepheshe, incazelo, izithombe

Mayelana eSoviet edume "amathathu nane" sezwa, cishe zonke. Futhi uma ubuza ukuthi yini T-35, iningi uzokutshela ukuthi ulwazi olusha amathathu nane. Kodwa iqiniso ukuthi ngeke kube, ngoba ukuthuthukiswa imodeli 35 kwaba uhlelo ehluke ngokuphelele, avikela efanayo, kodwa firepower ehluke ngokuphelele.

Ngisho kusuka esithombeni ngenhla ebonisa ukuthi ethangini akusho ifuze T-34. Omunye umbono ohlangothini nezisebenzi nasenanini elikhulu, izikhali ezahlukene ngokuphelele - izici zayo uhlu kungaba engapheli. Akazange sekudlule yonke impi njengoba ukukhanya amathathu ezikwazi sesine, kodwa noma iwine emlandweni Soviet umkhakha indawo. Ngenxa imininingwane yayo, okuyinto sizoxoxa ngezansi, lo mshini angabhekwa ezinzima. Yilokho bayibiza ngokuthi - ithangi esindayo T-35. Ngezansi, sicabanga ngazo zonke izici, emihle nemibi "silo uStalin" njengoba yayibizwa kanjalo phakathi ikhishwe.

iphrojekthi

Ngo-1930, onjiniyela Soviet ukuthola umyalelo ukuthuthukisa tank esindayo. Kufanele ungene inkonzo ekupheleni 1938 kuya maphakathi no-level umlilo ukwesekwa amathangi kanye elihamba izibalo. Ikhophi yokuqala kulindeleke ngo-September 1933, futhi nakuba wayengumuntu kwethulwa, kodwa le nguqulo watholakala izinkinga eziningi eziphawulekayo, elinye lawo kwaba-non-ezisebenza isibhamu esikhulu. Ngemva kwalokho, le imodeli wathola isiqu esithi "ithangi esindayo T-35-1" (yayikhona kuze 1936).

Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbili, ngo-November, iphrojekthi entsha, ikhumbula amaphutha futhi ufisa ukuhlanganisa ngezinqola zempi naphakathi T-26 ne-T-28. Umphumela waba imoto entsha ngokuphelele. Izinguquko babe ithangi amaloli, amancane, aphakathi nendawo, imibhoshongo kanye neminye imininingwane ezincane.

Noma kunjalo, ngo-1933, iSoviet ithangi esindayo T-35 iya ku-production. Kuwo wonke umlando kokudaliweyo esangweni laseKharkov esitimela Utakhela izimoto 61 2 prototypes. Uyekele ithangi laqedwa ngo-1939, kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, zonke inguqulo entsha kwadingeka abanye sokuvuselela yakhe.

design

Amasosha ithole ithangi ncamashi esindayo. zempi Okuhlezi emqondweni, izikhali ezengeziwe - konke lwenzelwe ukuba luthathe futhi banezikhundla ensimini wesitha. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kuthiwe isivinini abakhi kufanele kube 28 km / h. Case ithangi ashiselwe zempi, ukushuba isilinganiso okwakukhona 20 mm. Ukuze uthuthukise umklamo kwezinye izindawo kusetshenziswe riveting. kwemibhoshongo amabutho kwadingeka 30-milimitha zempi.

Ngesikhathi ezingemuva injini kwaba. Ukuze ufinyelele sasinamaphiko ingxenye ezingemuva phansi 13 lichanyuselwe. Kwakukhona futhi dweba ehlukile ukufinyelela egumbini engine. Phakathi ukunyakaza dweba ivaliwe cap armored, okwakubekelwa ukukhwezwa emoyeni wezindlu cap. Futhi eduze dweba a imifantu ezimbalwa zase wahlela ukuba ukufinyelela emoyeni kuze radiators. Vala injini egumbini efanayo Transmission: 4 ngesivinini phambili, emuva. Uxhumano phakathi nabo nge bamba main, okuyinto kwadingeka band amabhuleki. Yena wayengumbulali ethambile, ngokuvamile ngobugebengu. Phakathi nempi, iningi amathangi bashiywa ngokunembile ngenxa yokwehluleka yalolu phiko.

Chassis kwase rubberised ezinamasondo 8 futhi 6 ukwesekwa. Ukushayela amasondo - ezingemuva. Front - komzila. Phakathi ungumqondisi ukusekelwa efakwe ezinamasondo ezengeziwe, okwakukhona ukuvimbela kuka amathrekhi lapho bagibela izithiyo mpo. Zonke ezinamasondo aboshelwe ngazimbili ku ethangini amaloli. Izinqola Ezinombhobho phezu kubakaki zigxilé izinhlangothi ethangini. Isimiso esifanayo unamathele futhi bezindonga zezivikelo. Ukuze uhambe kahle, kanye okunqoba izithiyo ezincane efakwe yebhangqa ikhoyili iziphethu. Bezindonga zezivikelo, kanye nazo zonke ezinye zempi lenziwa izingqimba eziningana.

Esinye sezici esivela ethangini libizwa khona 5 imibhoshongo. Zazilengela kwakungesona isinqumo esisha. ongakhetha ezinjalo sezivele elisetshenziswa izinguqulo elula. Kodwa imibhoshongo ezinhlanu efakiwe kuphela T-35. Izimpawu okuseduzane ku.

Tower futhi eziyizitezi

Njengoba ngethangi ezivamile, imibhoshongo ezinhlanu wema maphakathi engxenyeni engaphezulu kuphela yomzimba, kungekho niches, ezazingakwesokunene onobuhle sibonelo. umbhoshongo Main wamiswa esisekelweni eziyisithupha, lapho ubuso bayo khulula ahlelwe amabhlogo yokudala smokescreen. Yaqala isibhamu 72-milimitha - ithangi isibhamu okufana isampula ngonyaka 1927.

Yonke imibhoshongo ezinhlanu ahlelwe imikhakha emithathu. Basic, ngokuba aphakeme, kuyinto uqimba engenhla. Phakathi uqimba - pair of imibhoshongo ehlukile, lapho inganono 45-milimitha. Futhi isihlanganisi ephansi - ambalwa imibhoshongo, lapho kwakukhona izibhamu. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi T-35 kwakungelona izibhamu ezimbili (i-inani imibhoshongo), kanye neminye imikhakha. Ngokwesibonelo, ezinye amathangi kwadingeka nesibhamu ebhasini dweba somshayeli, esisogwini phambi ngakwesokunxele.

Gun yayinemibhoshongo ngemuva nangaphambili we uqimba yesibili abangu aboshelwe ngazimbili esiphethe isibhamu umshini. Guns kungabuye ukukhwezwa eduze isibhamu esikhulu phezu dweba basembhoshongweni main.

Izinqaba we eziyizitezi lesibili nelesithathu melanani nomunye ngokuphambeneyo. Cannon ivuliwe ngaphambili kwesokudla futhi bakhulise kwesokunxele. Machine gun, bakhulise ngokulandelana, phambili, kusukela kwesobunxele, ohlangothini lokunene umbhoshongo main.

Engeza ukuthi izinhlamvu engu-96 i-amagobolondo main, 220 I-imitha-45 izibhamu eside. I stock kwaba izibhamu amachashazi 10 000. Ngakho, ithangi esindayo T-35 kwezikhali kungafaniswa ne amandla amancane, firepower okuyinto zazilingana uhlobo amathangi ezintathu ukuxegiselwa.

iqembu

Uchungechunge amathangi kungenziwa ngokuthi elula. kwakudingeka umuntu ngamunye izici zayo siqu umklamo, umphumela owawungumnyaka Inani labasebenzi ezahlukene imishini ezahlukene. Kodwa ingoma edumile "Three Tank Crew" akazange abhale ngalesi ethangini. T-35 kwaba kusukela 9 kuya ku-11-indoda nezisebenzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi kwezinye izimo, umuntu oyedwa ukwenza imisebenzi eminingana.

Ngokwesibonelo, ukuthatha crew zabantu 10. Three zitholakala umbhoshongo main, lokhu umkhuzi (aka umdubuli kambayimbayi), umsakazo opharetha (futhi icala) futhi umshini umdubuli kambayimbayi. emaphahla lamane uhlale yayinemibhoshongo ngemuva nangaphambili gun - the umdubuli kambayimbayi kanye umdubuli kambayimbayi. Izinqaba izibhamu ungumuntu oyedwa. Ekugcineni, omunye umuntu oyedwa - yokushayela.

Ngaphambili nemibhoshongo ezingemuva abangu abhanqiwe uxhumano phakathi kwawo ukwahlukanisa main ahlukaniswe nakakhulu. Ungase futhi uqaphele ukuthi umklamo akazange anikeze umzabalazo phakathi ethangini. umbhoshongo ngamunye kwadingeka kubhaklazeka zalo ukuze zikhanyise nezisebenzi. dweba Hlukanisa kwaba liphinde isosha, enza imisebenzi umshayeli.

ezisebenza ngogesi

Isici ezithakazelisayo ukuthi ukubiya phezu umbhoshongo akuyona sihlanza njengoba kwenziwa ngwenya. Ngesikhathi ukubiya kwaba umsebenzi kabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho kunjalo futhi isekela i-antenna erediyo, ukusuthisa 12 V. Futhi imisakazo ithangi Ubuye ngocingo kagesi (7 ababhalisile) kanye dymopuska uhlelo. On the idrayivu futhi baphendula umbhoshongo main. Kulokhu, nabaqambi ozinikezele isignali ovimba turret umdubuli kambayimbayi ukujikisa uma kubhaklazeka ivulekile.

nebubi

Hhayi ngaphandle nezihibe. izibhamu ezintathu bavunyelwa nomlilo round, kodwa kwaholela izinkinga zokwenza umklamo, kwandziswa kwelinani letikhungo izisebenzi kanye isisindo ayo, okwaholela ekutheni izinkinga zezinto zokuhamba. Usayizi bodwa sithinta amakhono okusalungiswa-injini, okuvame ezingamaKristu kwakudingeka zisebenzele lapho kugcwala isilinganiso. Ake ukwengeza lapha ethangini Kaningi umbusi kwakufanele usebenze zifa. Made by kude phambili isibungu kakhulu Uvale ukubuyekeza, futhi umshayeli kwakuyindoda endaweni efanayo nakwezinye amathangi, - phambili, phakathi kwazo. Zonke lezi imininingwane sihlanganise ezithiya ekusetshenzisweni T-35.

izici Zempi futhi washiya okuningi okufanele oyifunayo. Ngesivinini ongaphakeme kanye maneuverability wenza zempi ababuthakathaka ethangini target kakhulu. I yokuntula kukhona, futhi idizayini dweba for umshayeli. Vula ke ukuphuma kungaba kuphela uma kwesokunxele phambi izibhamu umbhoshongo ngabe kuqashwe izikhali "oshiywe ebhodini." Ngakho, uma elimele wakhe ukuba ngumnikazi umshayeli bengayi.

Ukuguqulwa. Ayeba beze ngokomzwelo futhi benganelisekile

Ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe amathangi T-35 cishe akazange iqhaza. 7 izinto elahlekile ezimpini ngo-1941, 6 ezazingaphansi kwawo ukulungisa, futhi 35 bashiywa futhi ubhujiswe nabasebenza kuzo ngenxa ezibangela ukubhalelwa kuziphendulela ngefanelo. Mayelana bokwenza ngenhla emkhakheni eyinhloko isinyathelo lezi amathangi babe yamathanga lempi 1933-1941 GG.

Ngo-1938 KhPZ okuphakanyiswe rearm T-35 entsha 76-milimitha inganono A-10 esikhundleni CT, kodwa inkonzo yezempi, le ndlela kungamukelwa, bethi ekulweni Okuqondiwe armored okulingene abantu ababili 45-milimitha izibhamu, ukuba ahambe elihamba amandla anele CT . Futhi ngonyaka odlule ithangi futhi kokushiya isibhamu main 72 mm. Akekho owaziyo ukuthi kwakuyoba 1944 (lokuzalwa 85-mm izibhamu), kungashiwo waphendukela umfuziselo T-35-85. tank T-34 isibhamu kwaba, futhi iminyaka yokugcina empini, kanye nezinye izimpi yasetshenziswa kuphela T-34-85. Isikhundla ziqala njengoba T-34 ne-85 mm inganono. Uzokwenza kufanele kushiwo ukuthi ithangi eyodwa T-35 bahlanganyela izimpi ka-1945, kodwa ohlangothini amaJalimane. AmaJalimane hit omunye onobuhle ishiywe 35 ukuthi bakwazile ukubuyisela onjiniyela German.

Cishe eminyakeni efanayo, ngesisekelo T-35 ucala kutfutfukisa self ezinezinjini - Su-14. Umehluko omkhulu kwaba umbhoshongo ingxenye, kuyilapho umzimba imoto zokuhlola ayizange ithuthuke. Esikhundleni wezikhali kwemibhoshongo self ezinezinjini ithole elilodwa gumbi ivulekile futhi efakwe 203-milimitha howitzer 1931, isampula esikhundleni isibhamu (eyaziwa ngokuthi B-4). Ngenxa ubude umgqomo uye wathuthela ezingemuva gumbi ingxenye ukuthi kuhilelani izinguquko yangaphakathi: motor, kanye ukudluliswa uye wathuthela phambi ingxenye. ACS nezisebenzi lalinabashumayeli 7 abantu. Ngo-1937, umsebenzi ukufakwa buhlangene futhi abuyiselwe kuphela ngo-1940, eziningi ukuhlela kabusha, futhi inguqulo entsha inombolo ikhodi uthola SU-14-2.

Ngo-1936, wabonakala ukuguqulwa Su-14 - howitzer sithathelwe indawo 153-mm inganono amandla okusezingeni eliphezulu (eyaziwa ngokuthi BL-2). Ngemva kokulungiswa lapha nalaphaya esifanayo ngo-1940, yena kuqala waziwa ngokuthi Su-14-1 ke - su-14-BR-2.

Bobabili ngentuthuko Kwahlelwa ukuba ukusebenza ku le Mannerheim Line, kodwa ukuguqulwa (iminyaka 1939-1940) okwenzeka nge-lag wesikhathi, lebutho bawamukele kamuva kakhulu.

Ngo-1938 waqala ukuthuthukiswa entsha T-112. Imodeli prototype ayezoba T-28. Kusukela T-35 Kwakuhlelwe etsheleka chassis, kodwa le ndlela ishiywa esinyathelweni umdvwebo.

izici lobuchwepheshe

Ezinye izibalo embhalweni sezivele inikezwe. Lapha sibona yisho lonke nemingcele ukuthi zazilengela ithangi T-35. izici Technical we izinjini ezilandelayo:

• Carburetor - M7T.

• Umthamo - 500 amalitha. a.

• isivinini Izikhangibavakashi - 30 km / h.

• Cruising ibanga - 200 km.

Kulokhu, lezi idatha ubheke kuphela ohamba ahambe emgwaqeni omkhulu. Movement mayelana umgwaqo owubhuqu, lezi zibalo kwehle ngo ezingaphezu kwesigamu. Ethangini esingamathani angaba 50 tank umthamo - 900 amalitha, ukuphakama - 5430 mm, nobubanzi - 3200 mm, ubude - 9700 mm. Ground imvume - 530 mm.

Kungakhathaliseki yokuthi kwakudingeka umuntu ngamunye ushintsho ayo, ukushuba zempi, kanye injini ukusebenza zinjalo. Soviet ithangi T-35 mayelana nezembatho zempi got izibalo ezilandelayo: 20 mm - feed, ohlangothini, phansi, frontal ingxenye; 10 mm - futhi kwemibhoshongo gunwale cap ukumboza ukumiswa; 50 mm - Front ishidi enalokho kuthambekela - kuphela ngxenye eyayintula zempi kuyahlangabezana nezindinganiso WWII. Kulokhu ophahleni izindlu, kancane okwengeziwe leli shidi waba ukushuba 10 mm.

okwamanje,

Kusukela ezikhishwe 61 RKKA tank (iRed Army) wathola amayunithi 48. Labo abasele abanga-13 bahlakazeka esikoleni yamasosha noma isibalo ukulungisa. T-35-2 (omunye prototypes) ungaphakathi Museum, futhi T-35-1 elingasekho empini ngo-1936. Okwamanje emhlabeni kukhona amakhophi 2 kuphela. Tank ngaphansi inombolo 0197-7 ngo-1938 waya Kazan Tank School kanye ezimpini ezingu-real akazange iqhaza. Manje ucezu Museum futhi Kubinka (Russia), eMnyuziyamu Armored. Usenomoya isisebenzi ekhaya (!) Futhi motor siyahamba.

Ikhophi okufanayo yesibili Museum, e eYekaterinburg. Tank recreated kusuka imidwebo nezithombe kusayithi zokubuyiselwa "Uralelectromed". Isikhathi yokutakula yathatha iminyaka engaba ngu-5 izinyanga, futhi yehlise nguqulo azihlukile kakhulu kusukela amakhophi 1930.

ukumodeliswa

T-35 (1:35 - okungukuthi isikali yayo) kuveza Chinese. Anikeza oyisibonelo izinguqulo ezintathu - ithangi ekuseni (dweba esisodwa esikhulu phezu kombhoshongo main), udaba kuze 1938 (kubhaklazeka emibili turret antiaircraft) kanye sekwephuzile - Inkinga 1938-1939.

Ethangini eyenziwe ngepulasitiki ngomjovo ekubumbeni. Esikhathini isethi kukhona ezinye izingxenye zensimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho kukhona lokuzikhethela zamathrekhi sokusebenza. Kulesi isikali esifanayo ngesikhathi esisodwa onobuhle ekhiqizwa neRussia. Lesi silinganiso esifanayo kwaba kanye onobuhle Ukrainian, kodwa okwamanje inkinga futhi inqanyulwe.

I-Russian waphuma elinganiselwe onobuhle edition ngezinga ezahlukene. T-35 (1:72 - umfuziselo walo) ukuthi enamathiselwe umagazini "amathangi Russian» (№ 18). Inketho efanayo angathengwa nomkhiqizi Polish (ngokuqinile Modelkrak).

"Inkanyezi"

Ekugcineni, enye inkampani Russian samemezela ukukhululwa for the abalandeli futhi hhayi kuphela, noma ubani ofuna ukuba uthole iqoqo lakhe Soviet ithangi esindayo T-35. "Inkanyezi", inkampani Kuyaziwa bonke abathelisi, yamemezela ekuqaleni kuka-2016 mayelana nokubonakala okuseduze onobuhle emashalofini ezitolo inthanethi.

Ikakhulukazi kugujwa geometry Zaklanywa ngobunyoninco futhi elinemininingwane imodeli. Kokuqala Imininingwane isithembiso ukucaca 1:35 kanye nobude ingqikithi 28 cm. I tank uzobe eyakhiwa izingxenye 428. Intengo kulinganiselwa iqala ruble 2000.

isiphetho

Thanda amandla amaningi ayesekhulile ithangi umkhakha, iSoviet Union ezikhishwe izwe lakhe isilo - ithangi pyatibashenny T-35. Kodwa isiphetho Isiphelo sakhe okuphindaphindiwe okufanayo kwamanye amazwe. Engaqinile zempi injini, hhayi eyenzelwe umshini ezinjalo, - ethangini zinethuba kutihlela emhlabeni ulwandle umlilo, futhi ungazange lifikile ngaphambili. Labo zezinhlobo eziye zafinyelela kuso, ngenxa amaphutha ayo kungukuthi wabuya.