Spaso-Efrosinievsky Monastery incazelo, lapho

Eplanethini yethu, kukhona izindawo lapho, njengoba sengike kanye, ngifuna ubuye ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ngokusobala, banayo ezinye ekhethekile - a amandla emimoya. Ekuqaphela ngaphambi kokuphela imizwa oluhlanganisa abantu endaweni enjalo, akunakwenzeka, okungenani okokuqala. Yingakho ngifuna ukubuyela emuva kaningi.

Lezi zindawo obukhethekile amandla emangalisayo kanye nomkhathi ongaqondakali, ngaphandle kokungabaza, uyalandisa oNgcwele-Efrosinievsky esigodlweni elise Polotsk. Leli thempeli asizwanga zonke. Kodwa lapha izinsalela zabo zokuxhumana. Euphrosyne ka Polotsk, ogama lakhe atehlukaniseki kuMsindisi Monastery Efrosinievsky.

indaba

Kube lelibandla kudala, esikhathini eko ezikude kwekhulu weshumi nambili. Kulapho Princess Predslava futhi yasungulwa by uMsindisi Efrosinievsky Isigodlo, ethiwa behlonipha wakhe. Kungcono eyaziwa ngokuthi Efrosinya Polotskaya, lona wesifazane zihlakaniphile kwaba umzukulu edume Vseslav Umahalayi. kwavela Unina kusukela akukho mkhaya ngaphansi adumile: lalinguMilka, indodakazi Vladimira Monomaha. Yiqiniso, nge zinomsuka Princess abasha brilliant enjalo nginekusasa elihle izihlakaniphi ukukhanya. Ngakho lapho indodakazi yakhe ithola nje waphenduka nambili, abazali baqala ukucabanga mayelana nokuthola indoda ehloniphekile. Nokho, inkosazana kancane, lapho uwuhlobo lomuntu, wathatha, isixazululo sakhe ehluke ngokuphelele: wayefuna ukuba indelakazi. Abazali kuhlulekile ukuyekisa Predslava yena ngasese, wabaleka ngalolo suku endlini kayise, yathatha omunye kwabenzalo Polotsk Isigodlo, lapho abbess kwaba u-anti wakhe, isifungo. Uneziqu igama elisha: wawubizwa ngokuthi Euphrosyne.

Sekudlule iminyaka eminingi. Yefrosinya isinqumo umbhishobhi Polotsk sifakwe kwesinye sezitokisi ku St Sophia Cathedral. Kukholakala mlando, ubhalwe kabusha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi elihunyushwa ngokuthi izincwadi. Endaweni ethile e 1124, indela yombhishobhi wanikezwa itulo elincane ezweni, etholakala eduze Polotsk. Lapha wanquma ukwakha nokuphatha izindela.

legend

Lesi sinqumo Euphrasinia ongafikanga ngengozi. Ngokusho yetinsita, uMbhishobhi Wase-Polotsk Elija iphupho elingokwesiprofetho lakhe lapho ingelosi kusolakala ngaphambilini indela Euphrosyne eyasungulwa nge Spassova Isonto Monastery. Thanda iphupho wabona indela yena, futhi asikho nesisodwa, kodwa izikhathi ezintathu. Ngakho kwanqunywa ukuba kwakhiwe Isigodlo, namuhla okubizwa ngokuthi uMsindisi Monastery Efrosinievsky (Polotsk).

Ithempeli imele ogwini imidwebo. It lamiswao kuyo leyo ndawo lapho bema ibandla wokhuni uMsindisi. Izindela zokuqala azinza lapha lwendabuko futhi umzala kabi yibo kanye Euphrosyne. Futhi ngokushesha ngoNgcwele Monastery Efrosinievsky abesifazane baqala ivela ezweni lonke.

incazelo

Isiqongo imisebenzi nokwakhiwa zenzeka esikhathini kusuka 1133 eminyakeni 1143. Khona-ke phezu Polotsk sobukhosi wahlala umfowabo indela Euphrosyne. izakhiwo zethempeli ihlanganisa izindlela eziningi lapho umuntu angabona ithonya izikole ezihlukahlukene. Ngokwakhe uMsindisi Efrosinievsky Isigodlo, izithombe okuyinto ubufakazi ubuhle bayo olukhuni - ezintathu nave shestistolpny-Dome isakhiwo, nemengamo ezimboziwe nemengamo ububanzi podpruzhnymi. It has a narthex, futhi uhlala phansi ekwayeni, okuyinto iladi ewumngcingo-agibele amahhashi yesibili.

Nhlangothi zombili ekwayeni ezimbili cruciate eduze kakhulu esitokisini sakhe. Komunye wayo, ngokusho nemibhalo yesonto egciniwe, ngomthandazo ngokwayo Euphrosyne, nezinye izihlobo sasikhuleka saint - indela Evdokia (udadewabo) kanye Eupraxia (umzala). Iseli yohlobo lakhiwa ngezingxenye ezincane pridelnyh isonto cross-oluyingungu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, omunye wabo (eningizimu-ntshonalanga) ivaliwe umkhatsi kancane, kanti eyesibili - ntshonalanga - egumbini cylindrical ukumisa.

Izici

UMsindisi-Euphrosyne nunnery has a isici isimanga kokubili elingaphakathi futhi ukubukeka kwangaphandle. It - vertikalizm wonke ukwakheka, kugcizelelwa "nokuthambekela" we ithempeli. Isigodlo lincane ngokwanele ngobukhulu: obuphelele - 14,4, nobubanzi --10, futhi ukuphakama - amamitha amabili nambili. Usayizi isikhala Dome - ngamasentimitha esingaphansi ezingamakhulu amathathu, kanye aisles kakade kabili.

sokubuyiselwa

Ukubukeka, esahlanganisa kithi uMsindisi Efrosinievsky sezindela yabhidlika zonakaliswa rearrangements eziningi. Nakuba, uzokwenza kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi lezi zinguquko ziye Akuphazamisanga wokwakha lasendulo. Izifundo mlando eminingi yezakhiwo, isibonelo, Rakytskyy Rappoport, izinsika kanye nabanye, enze kube nokwenzeka ngokunemba okuphelele ukubuyisela ukubukeka yokuqala ethempelini. Bakwazi kabusha ngokwethembeka esinye sezici eziyinhloko akha ukuma eziyingqayizivele esontweni, zangekhulu nambili. Kumayelana inombolo kabili Tri-keeled corbel nemengamo zokweseka sezindela faceted sigubhu, ebekiwe umqhele nangesigqoko-okwenyanga Dome. Ungangabazi ukuthi abakhi kwakhiwa ekhulwini weshumi nambili Spaso-Efrosinievsky sezindela kwadingeka elikhulu ulwazi ngokwanele lobuchwepheshe. Lokhu kuqinisekisa kakhulu izinga plinfy - isitini, amatshe nobumsulwa yokwakheka nodaka.

minyaka enzima

Umlando Saint Euphrosyne sezindela uyazi kokubili ezikhathini ezinhle nezimbi. Ngo 1579-m Isigodlo waba yokuhlala kombusi Stefan Batory, iNkosi, kamuva walinika amaJesuit. Labo, ziqala ukwakha kabusha isakhiwo. Lapho, ngo-1656-m amasosha Russian elathunjwa Polotsk, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich wabuya sezindela Orthodox, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside. Ngo 1667 th isonto futhi waya amaJesuit. Lolu shintsho engapheli abanikazi kuphela yaphela ngo 1832, lapho ekugcineni Isigodlo efika Orthodox. Futhi kusukela 1841 lapho abantu besifazane.

amanani

Ngo-1899, uMsindisi Monastery Efrosinievsky kwavele omunye yokulungiswa: lombhishobhi ngokubabazekayo lamiswao kusayithi. Phakathi nempi, ikamu ihlelwe lapha iziboshwa Soviet. Ngalesi sikhathi, eziningi zezakhiwo eyinkimbinkimbi ubhujiswe. Kwaba ngemva yokukhululwa Belarus sezindela futhi waba ummemezeli. Ekupheleni kwe-Patriotic Omkhulu elapha lapha amasisitela amahlanu. Ayehlala endaweni yabantu onezitezi ezimbili ezinkulu futhi kwase baphathwe amahektha ezintathu umhlaba. It ulawula ezimpilweni zansuku zonke nalabo ababelandela angene ngaphansi kophahla lwayo uMsindisi Efrosinievsky sezindela prioress. Izindelakazi bathunga zokulala abahlala Polotsk, silima nemifino, ukwenza ngenalithi.

Lapho sezindela

Kusukela Minsk abode elikude ukuze amakhilomitha ngamakhulu amabili namashumi amabili nesikhombisa. Thola kalula, lithi: ikhilomitha YaseMoscow Ring Road amabili yesibili kufanele ujike maqondana emzaneni Ostroshitsky edolobheni. Kusuka lapho udinga ukuya Pleshchenitsy (amane amawaka amakhilomitha), bese uvule ukuze Polotsk. Indlela oluzothatha amahora amaningana.

Esikhathini Polotsk kalula indlela. Kusukela maphakathi sezindela kuyinto mgwaqo Euphrosyne ka Polotsk. Awuboni esangweni nge umbhoshongo insimbi cishe kungenakwenzeka. Budebuduze Isigodlo, amamitha angamakhulu amabili kude ngakwesokudla, wahlela yokupaka lapho ungakwazi park imoto.