Rostov Cathedral of kweNyuka: isithombe sokubuyiselwa

ezikhumbuzo eziningi ezinhle kakhulu walondoloza ezweni lethu. Bonke basonta izitayela ezahlukene kanye nezikhathi, kodwa namanje hit kokubili izivakashi kanye bendawo. izindawo eziningi Sekuyisikhathi eside kuyilungisa ubukeka njengomuntu wesimanje, kodwa ukugcina ubuntu babo futhi babe nezici eyingqayizivele. Ukuba eduze izinto yezakhiwo zasendulo, abantu bajabulele simo esiyingqayizivele futhi njalo ukufunda okuthile okusha mayelana umlando kanye namasiko.

Kuwufanele ukuvakashelwa futhi Rostov. Cathedral of kweNyuka, okuyinto etholakala lapha, abe nesithakazelo esikhethekile. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngakho, umlando walo, nokunye okuningi.

Rostov Cathedral of kweNyuka. Uhlolojikelele

Ukuze uqalise ukufunda okwengeziwe ngalesi into yezakhiwo. Lena lesikhumbuzo ngokuphawulekayo isiko, elinomlando ocebile. Idethi ukwakhiwa yayo ayaziwa, kodwa kunobufakazi bokuthi ngekhulu XII ke sikhona kakade. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi kwakukhona izinguquko eziningi e ukubukeka kwakhe, lachithwa ngokuphelele futhi kabusha futhi izikhathi eziningana.

Itholakala Awukude Cathedral of the Rostov Kremlin. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ezimbili zalezi izinto akha eziyinkimbinkimbi olulodwa lathumela, alinikela ukubuka indawo ekhangayo. Kungcono ukubheka izinto ngakolunye uhlangothi, iphi Lake uNero. Ngokuvamile, lena emaphakathi Ensemble yezakhiwo kuleli dolobha, okuyinto ubelokhu bakhangwa inqwaba abavakashi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, Assumption Cathedral Rostov-Grand yakhiwa enye into okungukuthi isikhencezo-umbhoshongo, etholakala ngaphandle sesonto. Lena isakhiwo engavamile kakhulu, okuyinto has a ton of izici. On kuzoxoxwa kamuva.

Umlando Cathedral

Manje kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngomlando lokhu lesikhumbuzo yezakhiwo emangalisayo. Yena, njengoba sishilo, uku enkabeni yedolobha. Ngeshwa, idatha olunembile ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa kwalo akukho.

It ekuqaleni ezenziwe ngokhuni. Ngo 1160 ibandla kubhujiswe ngomlilo. Nokho, esikhathini esingangonyaka kamuva yaqala ifake isandla ekubuyiselweni kwalo. Lesi sinqumo sathathwa Prince Andrew Bogolyubskii. Khona-ke isakhiwo waqala ukwakha ethempelini lamatshe. Nokho, kuleli fomu, akazange isikhathi eside. Ngo 1204 nakule ndawo uthi futhi, kwaba khona umlilo, lapho yabhubhisa khona isakhiwo.

Kodwa leli thempeli futhi waqala ukuba alulame. Inqubo kwathatha iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15. Ngemva kwalokhu, omunye kuqubuka umlilo ekuqaleni kwekhulu xv. Esenamandla kunjalo, ithempeli ugoqiwe ngokuphelele, njengoba washisa ngisho vaults lombhishobhi nesikhulu sawo. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, waphinde kabusha e itshe elimhlophe, futhi waqala futhi ukuhlobisa ngomfanekiso wakhe lomuzi Rostov. Assumption Cathedral version lapho ungabona-ke namuhla, lakhiwa ngo-1512. Inqubo ukwakhiwa wayeneminyaka engamashumi 4 ubudala.

Ekhulwini XVII kwakukhona izinguquko ukubukeka ethempelini. Ukuze kwathiwa enamathiselwe kompheme ne walishintsha kancane isihloko. Ezinye nomsebenzi wokuvuselela umhlaba ngemva eyenziwa ekhulwini XIX.

Cathedral nenkathi yamaSoviet futhi ifake isandla ekubuyiselweni kwalo

Kufanele ukukhuluma ngekusasa yesonto. Ngenxa yalokho inguquko, izinguquko ezinkulu ziye zathinta umuzi ngokwawo Rostov, kweNyuka Cathedral kanye nezinye izinto eziningi. Ithempeli Okokuqala lidlule ukusetshenziswa ngumphakathi. Ngemva kwesikhashana kwanqunywa ukuyivala. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, lombhishobhi ngasinda yabhujiswa.

Ngo-1953, umuzi wawuyigolide isiphepho esinamandla, yaklebhula sisuka ophahleni izakhiwo eziningi e-edolobheni. Ngase ubuhlungu kanye Uspenski Cathedral. Rostov ngenkathi isazama ezifana izakhi oxokozelayo. Inqubo wokwakha kabusha abathintekayo ethempelini. ophahleni yayo isishintshanisiwe ngokuphelele ngentsha futhi wathola sekugcineni ehluke ngokuphelele. abaholi Umumo yesonto watimisela kuya zinjalo. Ekuqaleni zafuna ukumbeka yisigqoko, kodwa kwanqunywa ukuba ushintshe ukuma onion, wammisa esiqongweni sethempeli wabheka e besenze nesitayela esifanako ne Kremlin.

Ngaphezu ukulungisa umsebenzi, kanti futhi wenziwe bese kumbiwa kulezi zindawo. Ngenxa yalokho, i-wokwakha yokuqala yebandla watholakala, ezihlobene, ngokososayensi, kuya kweleshumi XII. Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-90-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu XX, isonto yanikwa Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia.

Izici sesakhiwo sesonto

Qiniseka ukuthi uqaphele ukubukeka ethempelini. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, thempeli isakhiwo yayo belfry esisogwini indawo eseduze isakhiwo esemqoka yedolobha - the Kremlin. Itempeli izahluko 5, isakhiwo is zakhiwe ngezitini ezishisiwe. Nokho, ezinye izingxenye zalo eyenziwe ngetshe le - kuba base kanye nezinye izakhi ambalwa. Leli thempeli lihlotshiswe imininingwane ehlukahlukene zokuhlobisa. ukuphakama kwalo Iyamangaza ngempela - kuba amamitha 60.

Nesimo sesakhiwo esikhulu kule nto, esikhathini esiningi, okusikhumbuza izakhiwo bendabuko Vladimir futhi Suzdal. I ithempeli. zenziwa ewumngcingo emafasiteleni, okuyinto ibukeke izintuba. Cathedral sahluko kungabesifazane on izigubhu ukukhanya ukuphakama enkulu.

Ngakho, sahlangana nomphathi wazo ukubukeka Cathedral kanye imininingwane alungise ukuthi unjani nokuthi yini isitayela yezakhiwo fanele.

Kuyini ngaphakathi ethempelini?

Yiqiniso, kubalulekile ukuchaza nokuthi itholakala emagcekeni lombhishobhi, kanye umhlobiso zayo. Kukholakala ukuthi ekupheleni kwekhulu XVI le ndawo ehlotshiswe imidwebo ehlukahlukene. idatha okunjalo eziqukethwe ezinye zemihla. Nokho, ekupheleni kwekhulu XVII, kwaqala umsebenzi emikhulu ukudalwa emifanekiso emisha, okuyinto kamuva gqizisa ezindongeni zethempeli.

Le nqubo wathatha isikhathi eside, bona babehilelekile amakhosi owaziwa - I. Vladimirov S. Dmitriev. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile Ubemenywe, nezinye Ochwepheshe. Ngeshwa, le misebenzi azifinyelelanga esikhathini sethu. Bakhandwa ngomlilo, owenzeka ngo-1671. Ngemva kwalokho lo mdwebo ukubuyekezwa ngezikhathi ezithile.

Kodwa kamuva, ngo-the-yalolucwaningo 50 XX leminyaka, kukhona eqoshiwe yasendulo ukuthi singabakaNkulunkulu XVI-XVII ekhulwini zitholakele. Ngaphezu yasezindongeni, ngasinda omunye isihloko omkhulu - the iconostasis. It is eyenziwe isitayela Baroque kanye nezinsuku kusukela maphakathi nekhulu XVIII.

Ukuze ubone lezi izinto kufanele avakashele Rostov Elikhulu, Cathedral of kweNyuka. ithempeli Photo kungabonakala isiqondiso ekuphileni abaningi, kanye nezinye izinto zokuhamba.

belfry Cathedral

Elinye iphuzu ezithakazelisayo, okuyinto ukukhuluma ngokwehlukana - a belfry. It kungokwalabo eziyinkimbinkimbi we ezibiyele kanye Cathedral. Lona omunye izakhi ebalulekile wonke eqenjini lomculo. Kuyinto iseduze isakhiwo sethempeli. Izakhiwo ezimbili sihlanganise isitayela enkulu, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi bahluke ngokuphelele isikhathi. Iminyaka yabo ayahluka iminyaka engaphezu kuka-100.

Belfry yakhiwe sesibili. Eyokuqala wabo zitholakala izakhiwo ezisetshenziselwa izinjongo zezomnotho. esitezi sesibili - it is a platform enkulu lapho kukhona 4 nobubanzi besandla. Ngenhla ngamunye wabo oyinhloko. Ukuze bafike lapho, kuzomele ukukhuphuka ezitebhisini ewumngcingo phakathi kwezingange zalo. Okunabileko Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi isakhiwo sinamandla sebuningini voids ezithuthukisa umsindo.

History of the belfry

Manje kubalulekile ukukhuluma kanjani kwakukhona lesi sakhiwo emangalisayo. Yena kuyingxenye ebalulekile, efaka Cathedral of kweNyuka. Rostov-Veliky uqhosha eziningi ezikhangayo, kodwa umbhoshongo insimbi - isakhiwo ekhethekile, okuyinto emfanele ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.

Bakha sakhiwo insimbi kwaqala ngo 1682. Khona-ke kwakugcwele 3 nezipani. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-7, wonke umsebenzi wokwakha waqedwa. It kwaku izinsimbi ezingu-13. Ekhulwini XIX kwanqunywa ukuba uhlanganyele omunye 2 izinsimbi.

Ekhulwini XX, ngale ndaba esongelwa ekubhujisweni. Nokho, ngo-1919 umqondisi Rostov Museum yalwela belfry. Lo muzi waba Commissar A. V Lunacharsky, futhi ososayensi eziningana. Ngemva kwalokho, kwanqunywa ukuba kulondolozwe lolu lesikhumbuzo kwamasiko esiyingqayizivele.

insimbi belfry

Kufanele kuqashelwe izici belfry. Njengoba sekushiwo, it has izinsimbi eziningi ezahlukene. Bonke kuhluke kokubili isisindo futhi umsindo. Ezinye zazo yilezi amagama okungavamile. Ezinzima kakhulu kubo - "Sysoy", ke unesisindo esingamathani angaba ngu-32. insimbi "polyeleos" Ngokuphawulekayo ukuxegiselwa (mayelana 16 amathani) kanye "Swan" (amathani 8). Emincane kakhulu babo ukala 24 amakhilogramu futhi ubizwa ngokuthi "Yasak".

Mhlawumbe indaba indlela ukuthi ukubuyiselwa kokukhulekela kweNyuka Cathedral Rostov, incazelo yalo, kanye onentshisekelo indaba belfry kukukhuthaze ukuba ubuke le lesikhumbuzo esiyingqayizivele bokwakha.

Likuphi isonto lombhishobhi?

Mhlawumbe abaningi abathakazelayo kakade umbuzo, lapho kuchazwa into. Minyaka yonke, abantu abaningi beze izohlola ezikhangayo Rostov Elikhulu. Assumption Cathedral - azihlukile kuyinto evamile ukubona izivakashi. Ukuze uthole ukuthi akunzima, ngoba itholakala khona isikhungo esingokomlando edolobheni. Ithempeli isendaweni Cathedral Square e Rostov. I belfry itholakala eduze sesonto.