Reticulum Endoplasmic: lokuphatselene nesakhiwo nemsebenti

reticulum Endoplasmic - a organelle saziso lamaseli eukaryotic. Sitholakala amaseli zezitshalo, izilwane nabantu. Inhloso yalolu ingxenye iseli zihlukene futhi ngokuyinhloko elihlobene ne zamagama, ukuguqulwa kanye ezokuthutha of organic compounds.

Ngokokuqala ngqá le reticulum endoplasmic kwatholakala ngo-1945. nososayensi waseMelika K. Porter embona nomunye nangezibonakhulu wokuqala kagesi. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, yaqala ukuhlola kwawo asebenzayo.

Kuseli, kukhona ezimbili izinguqulo lokhu organelle:

• I luyimbudumbudu noma ezilukhuni reticulum endoplasmic (embozwe sebuningini ribosomes).
• Of olubushelelezi noma bushelelezi reticulum endoplasmic.

Uhlobo ngalunye reticulum inezici ezithile futhi yenza umsebenzi ohluke ngokuphelele. Ake sibheke kubo kabanzi.

Luyimbudumbudu reticulum endoplasmic: isakhiwo. Lokhu organelle uhlelo tank, vesicles futhi tubules. Izindonga zawo aqukethe bilipidnoy ulwelwesi. Ububanzi ingaphakathi zingaba phakathi 20 nm ukuba micrometer eziningana - konke kuncike kulokho okwenzeka amaseli secretory.

Ingabe amaseli kancane ezikhethekile, izimpawu ezingeni eliphansi umzimba,-EPS ahanjiswe amathangi ambalwa agqagqene. Engqamuzaneni, okuyinto ngenkuthalo synthesize amaprotheni reticulum endoplasmic siqukethe sebuningini amathangi futhi branched tubules uhlelo.

Ngokuvamile, luyimbudumbudu EPM ngokusebenzisa ulwelwesi ijabulise ehlangene imvilophi yenuzi - ngale ndlela othola eziyinkimbinkimbi zamagama izinqubo kanye amaprotheni ezokuthutha molecule.

Luyimbudumbudu reticulum endoplasmic: imisebenzi. Njengoba sekushiwo, bonke ubuso nge-XPS cytoplasm imbozwe ribosomes, aziwa ihileleke amaprotheni zamagama. EPS - indawo zamagama futhi kuthuthwe ngendlela ephephile amaprotheni compounds.

Lokhu organelle obhekene synthesis ulwelwesi cytoplasmic amaprotheni ebalulekile. Kodwa ezimweni eziningi by eminye amaprotheni molecule nge ulwelwesi vesicles kuthiwa uyiswa Golgi apharathasi, bakuphi okwengeziwe ukuguqulwa nokusatshalaliswa izidingo amaseli, ngokulandelana, nezicubu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbotshana zenzeka EPS amathangi kanye izinguquko amaprotheni - isb, ukubusa carbohydrate ingxenye. Lapha, i-aggregation elimbudumbudu ezinkulu secretory akhiwa.

Smooth inethiwekhi endoplasmic: lokuphatselene nesakhiwo nemsebenti. Isakhiwo EPS bushelelezi has umehluko othize. Isibonelo, lokhu organelle siqukethe kuphela amathangi futhi ayinaso simiso tubules. Izakhiwo EPS ezinjalo, njengoba umthetho, mancane, kodwa ububanzi ethangini, kunalokho, ngaphezulu.

I bushelelezi reticulum endoplasmic awahlobene synthesis yezingxenye amaprotheni kodwa wenza eziningi imisebenzi kubaluleke ngezinga elifanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, nakhu zamagama hormone steroid e humans bonke ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla. Yingakho ngevolumu EPS bushelelezi kumaseli adrenal mikhulu.

Ngo amaseli isibindi EPS ikhiqiza enzyme kudingekile abathintekayo umzimba carbohydrate, okungukuthi yokubola glycogen. It is eyaziwa ngokuthi amaseli isibindi banesibopho neutralization ubuthi. Kulesi organelle amathangi synthesis isakhi hydrophilic elivele ke enamathiselwe molecule anobuthi kwandisa solubility yayo egazi noma omchamo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi hepatocytes, okuyinto njalo ziwela ngaphansi kwethonya ubuthi (ubuthi, utshwala), cishe zonke cell elalihlala amathangi uvalwe esilinganayo EPS bushelelezi.

Ngo imisipha amaseli, kukhona uhlobo olukhethekile EPS bushelelezi - reticulum sarcoplasmic. It uba ngaleyo ndlela idepho calcium umqondo icubungula umsebenzi namaseli kokuphumula.

Njengoba singabona, EPS imisebenzi zihlukene futhi ibaluleke kakhulu ukusebenza evamile amaseli enempilo.