Proper ukuvundiswa nezihlahla entwasahlobo

Efaka umquba kwemithi nezihlahla entwasahlobo - ke ingenye yezingxenye isivuno eliphezulu. Produce kufanele esekelwe yobudala emasimini, izinga inhlabathi futhi ukutholakala wokunisela. Three izinsika nomanyolo for izihlahla zezithelo kanye ezihlabayo ukwenza potassium, i-nitrogen ne phosphorus.

izinhlobo umquba

Efaka umquba kwemithi nezihlahla ku kwentwasahlobo senziwa noma amaminerali noma izinto eziphilayo.

Amaminerali umquba zihlukaniswe elula eziyinkimbinkimbi. Umehluko phakathi kwawo indlela izingxenye eziningi kufakwe Ukwakheka kwabo. Uma eyodwa, bese kuba Umanyolo elula, futhi ezimbili - eziyinkimbinkimbi. Futhi, bona zihlukaniswe amaqembu esekelwe isakhi esiyinhloko lichaza ekwakheni - nitrogen, phosphate kanye umanyolo.

Ngesisekelo organic Umanyolo Humus kuyinto udaba eziphilayo - umquba, umquba, umquba kanye manures oluhlaza.

Efaka umquba ne-nitrogen eningi umquba

Efaka umquba izihlahla zezithelo kanye nezihlahla ku kwentwasahlobo kukamanyolo amaminerali kudinga indlela baqaphe. Into esemqoka kulolu hlobo Umanyolo - esilinganisweni, kungenjalo ungakwazi ukulimaza hhayi kuphela izitshalo, kodwa futhi, ezweni nakubantu.

Ukuze nitrogen umquba zihlanganisa:

• Ammonium sulphate. Le into acidifies inhlabathi, futhi kabi encibilikayo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukwenza ekwindla. Ukuze uthuthukise izakhiwo, kungenzeka ukuba 1 kg ammonium sulfate ukwengeza 1.5 kg of lime.
• Ammonium nitrate (ammonium nitrate) - kwakwakhe osheshayo. Isenzo ammonium nitrate esheshayo ngempumelelo on nenhlabathi-non-esidi. Izitshalo ukuncela kahle futhi osabela ngayo kukho. Uma umhlabathi ngokwayo acidified, kungcono ukuba alulaze ammonium nitrate ufulawa limestone e isilinganiso 1: 1. It neutralizes asidi. Yenza lolu hlobo Umanyolo kungaba kokubili entwasahlobo and ekwindla, izinga 150-200 kg ngehectare, uma ingxenye main, futhi 100-150 kg endaweni efanayo ukuze avale top.
• Enye ngempumelelo izihlahla ukuvundiswa nezihlahla entwasahlobo - urea (carbamide). Lokhu Umanyolo emakamu eliphezulu futhi ephumelela kakhulu ukwandisa umkhiqizo. Kungasetjenziswa ngqo ngaphansi nezimpande zezihlahla kanye ezihlabayo izithelo ngesikhathi ziba ngcono inhlabathi ngokusebenzisa ukucelela noma uma ukusetshenziswa liquid ifomu ukugxilisa ingqondo.

Le mfuneko esemqoka okufanele zifinyelelwe usebenzisa nitrogen Umanyolo - kuyinto nokulandela imiyalelo ukusetshenziswa, umthamo efanele nokuphepha ngesikhathi isitoreji futhi isicelo enhlabathini.

Efaka umquba phosphorus kanye potassium umquba

Phosphate futhi umanyolo umquba isize izitshalo avumelane nendawo ezikuyo zangaphandle, ngibenze frost uqine. Futhi zithinte inani kanye nekhwalithi isivuno.

Phosphorus umquba kumele usetshenziswe kakhulu enhlabathini ngoba kabi amuncwa umzimba, futhi sikwenze kwentwasahlobo Kunconywa enhlabathini lokuqala ukumba. Adume kakhulu phosphorus okufakiwe - kuyinto superphosphate (lapho sulphur-based, Gypsum) nofulawa wali band, okuyinto esetshenziswa nenhlabathi asidi.

funa Esikhulu Ngokwengeziwe superphosphate uyawuthanda ngenxa ukumuncwa yayo okusheshayo ezimpandeni nezihlahla. Lapho ukutshala izithombo wenze okwanele kuka-400 no-600 g superphosphate zokutshala ngamunye imbobo. Adult Ezikhula iminyaka eminingi ngesilinganiso ibele 40-60 g ngalinye 1 m ² ka indulungu-isiqu.

Impahla kwe-phosphate umquba - kuyashesha ekukhuleni kwesihlahla nasekuvezeni izithombo ukuthuthukiswa uhlelo strong impande. Ungase futhi uqaphele ushintsho qualitative ukunambitheka amajikijolo nezithelo, kanye nenani sokuvuna.

Potash ngefomu okumsulwa kungcono hhayi ukuyisebenzisa, futhi buhlanjululwe zinc, insimbi noma nitrogen. Uhlobo ethandwa kakhulu of umanyolo - a sulfate potassium, ayinakho yingozi izitshalo chlorine ne-sodium.

Efaka umquba kwemithi nezihlahla entwasahlobo ka umquba umanyolo kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola isivuno esihle. Ukuntuleka kokukhulumisana potassium enhlabathini kuthinta inani izithelo futhi ukunambitheka kwabo. Yenza potassium sulfate kungaba kunoma yimuphi inhlabathi ukondla ngesikhathi umthamo 20-25 g ngalinye 1 m ^2. Umthelela engcono ibangelwa inhlanganisela Umanyolo phosphate potassium.

efaka umquba izithombo

I nangohlobo lwezinto umquba kuncike kuphela indlela yokwakheka inhlabathi, kodwa sigqoka zezihlahla engadini kanye nezihlahla entwasahlobo, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo liyadingeka.

Izithombo ezithambile ikakhulukazi khona kubalulekile phosphorus enhlabathini, njengoba kwase kungamakhulu kwakuphazamisa ukukhula kwabo futhi lithathelwe okusheshayo. Khiqiza ithebhu phosphorus-potassium Umanyolo kufanele kube phambi izithombo ngeke itshalwe.

Kungcono ukuba sikwenze ungqimba lishonile kunesikhumba imbobo, ngaphansi komuthi noma izihlahlana. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi umanyolo enanikade sibekwa izinombolo ezinkulu, ne silulindele eminyakeni embalwa. Efaka umquba kwemithi nezihlahla entwasahlobo phosphorus kubalulekile kuphela izihlahla abasha, njengoba okuqinisekisa ukukhula kwabo okusheshayo.

Okunye izihlahla Umanyolo ezingaphansi kuka kweminyaka emibili, awukwazi unike, kuphela uma umhlabathi ngaphambi ayengaphendulwanga ngokugcwele isiphelile. Uma kungenjalo, kufanele kuqale zalisa ngokucophelela bese alulame, bese kuphela ukubeka engadini.

Organic izinto efaka umquba

manyolo organic kukhona yemvelo kanye ngokwemvelo nezihlahla. Baqala ukusebenzisa eside ngaphambi kwakukhona umkhakha zamakhemikhali. Bona enothisa futhi ngcono inhlabathi ngaphandle ulimaza ke.

Efaka umquba kwemithi nezihlahla nge umquba entwasahlobo - inqubo ezivame kakhulu phakathi abashayeli bamaloli. Lolu uhlobo kufinyeleleke kakhulu nengabizi yokondla nge isethi ephelele izakhi ezidingekayo ze-izitshalo - boron, manganese, ayibe, nethusi molybdenum. Kuhle ngoba izihlahla efaka umquba nezihlahla ubhekwa umquba wamahhashi kanye inyoni droppings. They are gcwele of ezibalulekile kakhulu izakhi mkhondo kakhulu ekukhuleni kwesihlahla nasekuvezeni isivuno high. ewuketshezi efaka umquba izithelo izitshalo is avame ukusetshenziswa.

Ngoba noma yisiphi isitsha isixazululo isigamu egcwele umquba, futhi phezulu ugcwele amanzi, emva kwalokho kufanele zixutshwe kahle. Ngemva kwenyanga, ingxube nomphumela ingasetshenziswa ngesilinganiso 1 ilitha 6-8 l amanzi. Uma inhlabathi esomile, kufanele wenziwe isixazululo uketshezi ngaphezulu. Enhlabathini emanzi ukwenza ingxenye mkhulu we umquba.

Uma kuhlelwe efaka umquba izihlahla zezithelo kanye nezihlahla ngo-Ephreli-ke, ngokufanelekile, ngikho okuzokuba isixazululo ngoMashi.

efaka umquba umquba

Peat kanye humus - eziwuhlobo Umanyolo eziphilayo engasetshenziswa kokubili ngokuzimela futhi ngesimo umquba. Umquba wenza kusuka umquba, Peat noma imfucuza ahlukahlukene - ukudla noma amahlamvu bawa futhi wenziwe ngamahlamvu. Lokhu isibilile isitshalo izinsalela, okuyinto phakathi nonyaka okulungiselelwe eyayenziwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha indawo okungahambisani sigcwale amanzi, bese wengeza zonke izithako ukuba buhlanganiswa umhlaba.

Njengoba ehle ukwakha ivundela zokukhula kufanele moisturize ukubola ngamandla. Kunconywa ukuba amboze umquba black ifilimu, okuyinto ayikuvumeli umswakama shabalala futhi ngaleyo ndlela udonsa ukushisa kwelanga. Ukuze kangcono imfucuza abolile yemifino kanye umquba ungakwazi uthele zamatshe lime hydrated, futhi kwaba ukufinyelela-mpilo, ukusetshenziswa zamatshe amahlumela notshani, ukuvumela ivundela "ukuphefumula."

Ukwakheka yokugcina singasetshenziswa emva kweminyaka 1-2. Kuyinto Umanyolo ehlanzekile futhi ewusizo kakhulu, okuyinto kahle uba izitshalo ngokwabo, futhi phansi.

Ukuvundiswa zemithi yezithelo itshe

Ngokuba ukuthuthukiswa qualitative ukukhula zemithi yezithelo itshe kubaluleke kakhulu okunomsoco. Efaka umquba izihlahla zezithelo kanye nezihlahla ngoMashi, kuyisihluthulelo isivuno esihle, njengoba lokhu kusiza izitshalo ukuhambisa ngokushesha ivuka kulokhu kulala kwasebusika.

Kuyinto elula kakhulu ukunikeza isivuno Umanyolo lokuqala, lapho izihlahla namanje iqhwa. Njengoba ukuncibilika yayo izakhi ayozithola enhlabathini okondliwa kulo izimpande. Uma isihlahla ikhenela usemncane ke uqale ukugqoka kangcono ngonyaka wesi-2 ekukhuleni kwayo. Kwanele ukusebenzisa urea ezisekelwe 20 g / 1 m ^2. Kwenze kufanele kube kuphela entwasahlobo. Ngo ekwindla, ungakwazi ukwengeza phosphorus-potassium umquba.

Lapho izihlahla itshe - cherry, iplamu, ibhilikotsi, nezinye - kukhona fruiting, kufanele zisetshenziswe 10 kg umquba noma umquba, 20-25 g urea, 60 g we superphosphate elula noma kabili 30 g futhi 200 izinkuni umlotha ngamunye imitha square.

Efaka umquba izihlahla pome

Ukuze izihlahla pome Umanyolo engcono ngo-Ephreli ngeke nitrogen izinto ukwandisa ukukhula of amahlumela. Uma ezithela isihlahla kwezitshalo ababuthakathaka, kutuswa ukwengeza urea ezengeziwe isilinganiso 5 g / 1 m ² azungeze-isiqu mbuthano. Adult efaka umquba izihlahla kwenziwa yonke azungezwe we umqhele.

yezinto eziwusizo kakhulu engadini ngoba seeding amakhambi kwamasiko ezifana clover esimhlophe, edlelweni fescue nabanye. Kufanele mowed ekukhuleni kwabo bakhule nolwazi ukushiya izihlahla. Kulokhu, awukwazi zalisa engadini organic, bese wengeza Umanyolo kuphela.

Efaka umquba berry ezihlabayo

Berry ukunikeza isivuno esihle, bezwe kufanele uzilungiselele kusenesikhathi futhi zalisa. Ngokwesibonelo, i-black currant kudingeka izindawo olumanzi, futhi ama-raspberry, currants obomvu kanye gooseberries - okwanele izingxenye efudumele yensimu.

Bookmark Umanyolo inhlabathi kumele kwenziwe ngokucebile. Umquba, humus noma umquba okwenza ngesilinganiso 500 kg 100 m ^2. Kukamanyolo amaminerali amajikijolo phosphate ofanele futhi umanyolo.

Uma berry izihlahla kubekwa kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, eminyakeni embalwa eyalandela, ungakwazi kakhulu ukunciphisa inhlabathi umquba.