Peter Klypa: Biography. Zigzags isiphetho Petra Klypy

Nakuba kusukela ekuqaleni ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe Sekuphele iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-75, futhi kuze kube namuhla ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba ngihloniphe inkumbulo amaqhawe ngubani ngesibindi waqala umzabalazo wokulwa wobushiqela futhi ulondoloze emhlabeni kusuka Fascism. Phakathi kwabantu abakuphila kwabo feat kuze kube sekugcineni izinkumbulo zabantu ibekwe ezindaweni ezikhethekile abavikeli we Brest Fortress, okwakuthatha kuhlasela isitha sokuqala.

Kanye abadala lenqaba igcinwe ngokuphelele namanje alwa abasha. Omunye wabo kwakungu-Peter Klypa, isihloko lesi sihloko.

Life ngaphambi kwempi

The hero ezisencane ukuvikela Brest Fortress - Petr Sergeevich Klypa - wazalwa ngo-1926 Bryansk emndenini isigaba sabasebenzi we ujantshi. Ubaba wakhe washona lapho lo mfana namanje imvuthu ngempela. Ukunakekela nomfowethu omncane wathatha phezu Nikolay Klypa. Ngaleso sikhathi wayesefile kakade umkhuzi muzvzvoda 333rd Infantry Regiment. Eminyakeni 11, uPetru libhaliswe division efanayo umfundi. Ngo-1939, i-ibutho waba nengxenye iRed Army mashi ku Western naseBelorussia, wabe esesifaka ku Brest Fortress.

amasosha ebuntwaneni

Peter Klypa zonke silwele ukuba lifane nabafowabo, ngakho kusukela esemncane ngiphuphe career lempi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo okwabonakala kuye indaba zibuthuntu esikoleni, futhi wayekhetha ukubuyekeza yakhe muzvzvode futhi sokuprakthiza. Njengazo zonke abafana, uPetru wayemthanda ukunamathela emhlabeni futhi ubukele ukuphila kwabantu enqabeni, ngakho yayaziwa wakhe wonke amagumbi.

Juni 21, 1941

Nakuba umzalwane ayekwazi ngalo, wayetshala uPetru, kusho ihhovisi lakhe ayivunyelwe ukugcina umfana ngaphansi kolawulo efanele. Juni 21 Umfundi ezisencane muzvzvoda sina abanephutha. Weqa inqaba emzini esikhundleni abaculi omdala kwe-orchestra, owawungumnyaka ukunikeza zomculo izenzakalo ihambisana yezemidlalo.

ukungabi waso kwakuyindishi waqaphela futhi, lapho ebuyela iyunithi lakhe, uthukuthele umzalwane umkhuzi ngesikhathi eyala uPetru, wayala ufunde Amacilongo kusukela opera Bizet sika "UCarmen".

Nakuba ezinye amasosha wabukela ifilimu session e-inqaba club, Klypa waphoqeleka ukuba bahlanganyele umculo kanzima. Ngemva kokuhlangana enye insizwa fighter muzvzvoda - Koley Novikovym, ngaleso sikhathi eneminyaka engu-12. Abangane wavumelana elope ekuseni ukuya lokudoba.

Ngosuku lokuqala impi

Juni 22 UPetru Klypa waphaphama umsindo ngenxa yokuqhuma kwebhomu. Ababemzungezile emabhalekisini agugile abulewe kwathi amanye alimala. Wayengaqondi ukuthi ukuthi abalimala nalaba, nakuba kwakudingeka ikhanda ubuhlungu throbbing ephuthuma sokuzingela kothile futhi ukulungele ukwenza impi nabangane abadala.

Njengoba izakhiwo ngaphakathi kwenqaba kwakungasehlane laseBeti amabanga amade uma liya komunye nomunye, kanti isitha ehlaselwa ezindaweni eziningana, kwakukhona emaphaketheni eziningana ukuzivikela. Njengoba kwaba sobala ngemva kwempi, ngo ekuseni lenqaba wathatha amayunithi eziningana futhi esewonke amasosha 6.000. Amasosha ezisele (amadoda 9,000 nezinduna) laliqhubeka nokulwa, ubambe eside amabutho amaningi esitha, ithunyelwa Interior yezwe.

Qala ukuvikela inqaba

Izingane empini (njengoba emboniselweni, kuphela oPetru, kolya novikov abangu ambalwa ngaphezulu muzvzvoda futhi mayelana ezimbili kweshumi amaphoyisa synishek namadodakazi) - into ezingeke bavunyelwe. Nokho, akukho kungenzeka ukuhlela ukuthuthwa kwabantu ngenxa yengozi yabo yayingaxhomekile, kanti guys amadala obuzama kunaleyo, ukusiza abantu abadala. Bona ukungena ezindaweni hhayi kufinyeleleke nabanye ababelwela, futhi kwenziwe oda ezihlukahlukene izinduna.

Ukuze uvikele i-Brest Fortress besihlehla Klypa ngokuphindaphindiwe benza njengokungathi abe umxhumanisi phakathi izingxenye disparate ebutho lenqaba futhi eqaphela izenzo isitha.

Kakade ngosuku lwesibili ngemva ukuhlasela izingane - impi heroes - Peter Klypa futhi kolya novikov - sathola edepho nezinhlamvu. Babika ke kumlawuli. abavikeli uthole lezi zindaba zokuthi umfana athola amabhokisi nezinhlamvu, kusukela kulabo Temphi Letitichumane siyiswe baye bakwazi ukuqhubeka ukumelana lesitha kwaze kwaba yilapho kufika bebodwa ngentshiseko. Namuhla siyazi ukuthi babasiza abavikeli ka Brest kwaba ndawo ukulinda, kodwa ke amasosha futhi izinduna enqabeni phama, akazange lokwazi ukuthi niyaphola, futhi ukucabanga ukuthi uyisisulu a ukuketula ukusebenza enamandla futhi oqeqeshwe kahle.

Izenzo okwengeziwe

iqhawe Young uyalangazela ukulwa, nakuba amadoda omdala bezabalaza ukuze lomfana unesibindzi. Wayeya ngisho kuhlasela insabule, bebehlome ngezibhamu, nge izimpahla ezitholakele.

Lapho angibonakaliswa kuphela ukuba uPetru Klypa?! Feat lomfana wakhulula izidakamizwa, wanikina zonke abavikeli. Lapho endaweni esibhedlela esikhashana yaphela amabhandeshi, wathola emanxiweni egunjini labagulayo kwemithi kanye kusaladi, futhi abahudulele egumbini elingaphansi, lapho abagwaziweyo ababecashe kuwo.

Izingane empini wahlushwa sekulandela ukuswela, kanye nabantu abadala. Izingane walimaza kwadingeka abukhuni ngenxa ukoma. Nakuba Bug kade, isitha wasekela umlilo ukuyiveza yonke imizamo okuphakela amanzi abavikeli nezakhamuzi ngiphephelé nezivikelo isaba khona amasosha we iRed Army. Bekhathazekile ngokuthi bangazixazulula kanjani Petya Klypa, ogama biography ngemva kwempi, is kanje, ngokuphindaphindiwe wenza forays yabuya isiphethe imbiza egcwele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emanxiweni amagobolondo ezingenalutho wathola imikhiqizo umfana, futhi uma yabathola behlakaniphe ngokuphindwe esitolo futhi wambamba lapho Voyentorg roll impahla. It is kakhulu ezidingekayo kwabesifazane nezingane, ngubani ngemaminithi ekucala ka ayehlasela amaNazi phezu endaweni ye-USSR wayesalokhu elele futhi saphelelwa efulethini ngesikhindi sangaphansi yakhe.

ukuphumelela

Kwathi lapho izinduna owayehola ngivikele Brest inqaba, waqaphela ukuthi ayikho into engenziwa, zatshela abesifazane nezingane ukuba lidele, njengoba ababenethemba lokuthola ngaleyo ndlela ukuphila kwabo kusengozini. Amasosha ophoqa uPetru nabanye izinsizwa ukuya ngaphesheya inqaba kanye izakhamuzi, kodwa umfana wakhathazeka, ngakho azi- walilwela iRed Army.

Ekuqaleni kuka-July, kwaba sobala ukuthi maduzane cartridges kuzophela, futhi wenza isinqumo ukuzama ukuze ifohle ubheke ngaseNtshonalanga balesi siqhingi futhi azame ukuya emaphethelweni Brest.

Feza uhlelo lakhe bengazange baphumelele. A ingxenye enkulu amasosha efa, kodwa Petr Sergeevich Klypa, ngaleso sikhathi kukhona ngaphansi futhi engu-12, kwaba phakathi kwabambalwa ephethwe ukufinyelela emaphethelweni omuzi. Nokho, kanye nabangani abambalwa, elathunjwa futhi ayisa amaNazi ikholomu POW.

Ngo ekamu lokuhlushwa

Lapho lolu hide awela ngisho Bug, emotweni yakhe evenini nge Cinematographer German ukudubula amazwibela ezindaba ukuze zibonise Berlin. Bakhandwa izithombe uhlanganyela amasosha abo athunjwa futhi kungazelelwe waphawula umfana edlubhe, owanyakazisa ngezibhakela. Bathole esisuka uPetru Klypa. Opharetha futhi bonke onogada ukushaya ingane ukunqunyelwa ukufa, lonke ngendlela ekamu lokuhlushwa emzini isiPolish Biala Podlaska iziboshwa zamyisa izingalo zakhe. Lapho befika kule ndawo uPetru Klypa wahlangana kolya novikov. Kwakukhona nezinye izingane - amaqhawe empini Brest Fortress.

Escape nokuthumela eJalimane

Abafana kusukela muzvzvoda uya baqhubeke nokulwa. Ngokushesha bengaphunyukanga, e Brest guys ngafunda ukuthi ngaphambili kwase Seledlulise amalawulo kakade. Kuzo zonke abafundi muzvzvodov kanye uPetru wavuma ukuba sneak kuze kube phambi Volodya kuphela Kazmin. Bakwazi ukuba kudlule ambalwa amakhilomitha angamakhulu, futhi kwelinye lala madolobhana Belarusian bathunjwa amaphoyisa, wahlanganyela ekuthumeleni intsha Soviet ukusebenza eJalimane.

Ngakho Petr Sergeevich Klypa hit emzaneni Gogenbah insimu ka-Alsace, lapho aba ezibolile a ukulima lomkhaya ocebile Kotselya Friedrich, owayehlangene ekukhiqizeni iwayini.

Ngemva ukufika baseMelika

UPetru, kanye nabanye abantu abasha, intshontshiwe ukuphuma ngaphansi kweSoviet Union, wadedelwa ngo-1945 yi-baseMelika. Baqala ukuba ziyombamba ukubaluleka futhi iwayini amaJalimane. Klypa wababonisa lapho ukufihla iwayini yenkosi yakhe, bese kutholakala futhi ibike endlunkulu US Army Tank indawo isiphathimandla isiJalimane, ngubani ayecashe Friedrich. BaseMelika onginike uPetru isibhamu ethunyelwe neqembu lamasosha ase-ukuze uthwebule Fritz. Kamuva baqala ukuyisa amnike imiyalelo ukuthola lapho kule County amalungu bukhoma NSDAP. Kwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi baphekwa ngemibuzo eU.SSR babe uPetru ngokwakhe, umvuzo ngokubambisana neNhlangano obambisene nabo, akazange, kodwa nokudla nogwayi, ngisho ethulwa Iwashi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Klypa sacelwa ukuba sithuthele e-US, kodwa wenqaba, esho usefuna ukubuyela ekhaya.

Feat ubugebengu kanye Brest Hero

Zigzags isiphetho Petra Klypy kungase ukwethusa noma ubani. Bambalwa ukwazi ukuthi lowo owenza eziningi sezakhiwo usakhula, uyifake ngendlela efanayo nabantu abadala abaningi WWII namaqhawe, ngemva kwempi, walahlwa sihloko "uyisigebengu".

Emuva e Bryansk, uPetru wahlangana wangaphambili nengane efunda nayo esikoleni Levu Stotika futhi saba ngamathe nolimi. Ngokushesha kwathi umngane wakhe ebuntwaneni kwaba Spy. Wathenga izicathulo enhloko-dolobha party futhi zidayiselwe ku Bryansk bomdabu. Lesi senzo kubhekwe njengokungekho emthethweni futhi yisigwebo ejele. Peter Klypa walithanda ingozi futhi wazizwa ephoxekile, ngoba akekho emhlabeni akazange abheke kuye yiqhawe, kodwa ubuqhawe we abavikeli we Brest Fortress Babengafuni muntu ozosiza lutho.

Waqala ukuya "flight" nge Stotikom futhi wamukele ingxenye inzuzo. Uma Loew babegembula at amakhadi banquma ukuphindela inani ehlasela isingezansi ibonwe obedlula ngendlela, njengoba ayephethe isikhwama obukhulu. Loew bentanta isibhamu wabulala ongamazi, wathatha esandleni sakhe wonke amagugu. Ngo-1949, abaphenyi liphenya ngalesi ubugebengu, waya Klypa ambopha njengoba nesandla we lomphangi.

isijeziso

imithetho post-yimpi zazinzima. Ngokubamba iqhaza isigameko sokuphanga kuhlonyiwe nasekuqageleni Petr Klypa wagwetshwa iminyaka engu-25 emakamu. Shame waphula iqhawe oneminyaka engu-26 ubudala zokuzivikela wayizolo we Brest Fortress. Esikhathini Magadan Camp, uPetru waze wenza umzamo ukuzibulala. Ngo abafileyo ebusika, lapho iziboshwa kwesokunxele isakhiwo, walala phansi, enethemba ukumisa ekufeni. Nokho, onogada bathola ukuntuleka ungomunye wabadlali bakhe, futhi ecabanga ukuthi ubalekile, waya bayomfuna. Ngokushesha uPetru watholakala futhi wayiswa esibhedlela, lapho unqanyulwe a izinzwane ambalwa yiqhwa zaqina.

incwadi Sergey Smirnov sika

Mhlawumbe ngoba uPetru ngabe bachitha iminyaka eminingi ejele ukuphila kwakhe konke, uma kungekhona ukuthi "Brest Fortress". Sergei Smirnov ncwadi wavula ukuze izakhamuzi zase-USSR iqiniso ngezenzakalo ezenzeka esikhathini amahora yokuqala kanye nezinsuku ezingu emva yaqala impi. Kusukela ke, izigidi zabantu ziye zafunda ukuthi uPetru Klypa - iphayona-iqhawe, owenza Izenzo eziningi ngendlela engakholeki.

Lapho edala "Brest Fortress" (incwadi), umlobi efika e Bryansk futhi baqala ukufuna for the wasemuva ezisencane enqabeni. Lapho, wafike wathola ngendaba ebuhlungu uPetru futhi benza konke ukufeza uguquko.

khulula

Ngo-1956, ngemva kokudonsa iminyaka engu-7 abaningi emakamu amajele, uPetru Klypa ayebuyele eziphambekweni Bryansk wathatha osebenza efektri. Ngokushesha washada naye, aba nabantwana.

Ngenxa incwadi Smirnova, waba udumo, futhi ngokuvamile ababemenyelwe imikhosi.

Naphezu ngokuqiniseka, Petra Klypu ngisho yaklonyeliswa Order besizukulwane seMpi Patriotic bezinga lokuqala.

Ukuhlolwa sabhekana nalo kulezi ebuntwaneni impi basekuthunjweni German enkambeni Magadan, ayikwazanga kodwa kuthinta impilo iqhawe, futhi wafa eneminyaka engu-57. yaphela Ngakho ukuphila balowo abantu abaningi eSoviet Union yayaziwa ngokuthi iqhawe iphayona uPetru Klypa.

"Brest Fortress" (movie)

Peter Klypa baba sibonelo hero yesithombe kuqondiswe yi Aleksandra Kotta "Brest Fortress", wathwebula 2010.

Indaba in the movie egameni Sasha Akimova, ngubani iziqu kusuka muzvzvoda webhayisikobho 333rd Infantry Regiment. indima yakhe kukhala Alexei Kopashov, okuyinto ngesikhathi kwenzeka lesi sigameko sokudubula engu-14 ubudala futhi osevele iminyaka 2 wafunda YaseMoscow ubusosha MVD izindlu. Ukulingisa umsebenzi ingane lithole izindondo ezihlukahlukene kusukela kokubili a baxgeki kanye nezethameli. Engingakusho nje ukuthi ngisho waqokelwa umklomelo "Nika" ngokuba okokuqala best of 2011. Ngemva ifilimu, u-Aleksey Kopashov wadela lempi umsebenzi noma amaphoyisa, futhi namuhla umfundi VGIK.

Premiere "Brest Fortress" wathatha indawo ncamashi 69 eminyakeni nje ngemva kwezenzakalo kuboniswe esithombeni - Juni 22, 2010 - e Brest, ensimini ka eyinkimbinkimbi yesikhumbuzo, e Terespol Gate. Lapho beqeda ukuthwetshulwa isithombe zasesiteji eziningi, kuhlanganise tube protagonist, i-prototype zazo nguPetru Klypa, bayiswa Museum of the Brest Fortress.

iqhawe Young Petr Kotelnikov

By endleleni, omunye ifilimu wokuqala bakhangelana kuphela okusele ngesikhathi eziphilayo abavikeli we Brest Fortress. Petr Kotelnikov wazalwa ngo-1929, futhi njengengonyama namesake yayo, futhi nomngane eyakhula naye, kwakukhona lapho umfundi ka muzvzvoda, kodwa omunye 44 Regiment. Ngosuku lokuqala inqaba ukuzivikela umfana udubuleke ekhanda, kodwa waqhubeka emsiza nabo abaphezulu. Ngobusuku esifanayo, wayeyindoda emabhalekisini ka Regiment 333, lapho uPetru Klypa Volodya Kazmin Volodya Izmaylov futhi kolya novikov, ababephakathi abafundi muzvzvodov Brest Fortress.

Lapho kuxoxwa naye, uPetru Kotelnikov etshela izintatheli njengoba kukhasa eya emabhalekisini elikude, eqoqwe cartridges esikhwameni kusukela imaski waletha umlilo emuva bomlilo. Ndawonye nabangani bakhe wayevame ehamba futhi waletha waya ogwini Bug abalimalayo izingane amanzi. Kwakuyisikhathi insindiso yangempela. Iqiniso lokuthi e kahle olulodwa, lapho abavikeli ungase umbe egumbini elingaphansi emabhalekisini, la manzi ayeyigugu exutshwe uphethiloli kanye ngokuphelele ongakulungele ukudliwa.

Kungaleso Petra Kotelnikova wayethole ulwazi mayelana nokuthi izingane kukhona amaqhawe Brest, wabaleka ngalolo suku ekamu lokuhlushwa. Ngokwe sobudala, bona lucky kakhulu. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngosuku lweshumi ukuhlala ePoland bona anikele Brest. Lapho iziboshwa zathathwa sishaywe, izakhamizi babalethela ukudla nezingubo. Ngolunye usuku umphathi wejele, owaphawula ku lempi abafana eziningana izingubo zomsebenzi, wababuza wathi indlela baboshwa. Guys kusho ngengozi ababe lapho ngifuna izihlobo phakathi kweziboshwa futhi babefuna ukuwanikeza isinkwa. Isiphathiswa akafunanga kwashintsha intsha futhi babayala ukuba asixoshe kwaba sesikhaleni sesango. Petr Kotelnikov walindela ukufika amabutho aseSoviet, futhi ngemva ukudlula kwezempi baba isikhulu ebuthweni laseSoviet wanika engu-30 ekuphileni kwakhe.

Manje uyazi ukuthi ubani-ke uPetru Klypa. War - hhayi izingane. Nokho, phakathi novivinyo olunzima okwakhuthazelelwa abantu baseSoviet ukwabelana engxenyeni yokuqala ka-1940, ngisho abafana basebancane namantombazane yabonisa izimangaliso isibindi, ngokuletha ukunqoba eside elindelwe.