Okuzenzakalelayo e-Ukraine. Kusho ukuthini Ukraine Wokuzenzakalelayo? Ukubikezela okuzenzakalelayo e-Ukraine

Ukuphela 2014 kwakunzima kakhulu Ukraine. Ngo uquqaba ezibanzi abezindaba kaningi ungezwa ukuthi izwe esikhathini esizayo esiseduze nje ngeke ukwazi ukukhokha izikweletu, futhi asikwazi ukukubalekela okuzenzakalelayo e-Ukraine. I izimfanelo izitayela ezinjalo banezinkinga ezingathí sina emkhakheni wezezimali. Ngenxa yokwethuka kwakhiwa ngenxa nokwehla kwezinga izinsiza ngenxa okuyinto isimo futhi kwadingeka ukuhambisana nezibopho zabo.

amaqiniso

Kusukela ngo-January 31, 2014 esikweletini angaphandle yezwe zaba 222.4 bhiliyoni hryvnia, noma 27.8 dollar ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane. Lesi sibalo oluhambisana 38% of the debt inani, okuyinto iziqiniseko ezweni nokuthi kulingana 585,3 bhiliyoni hryvnia, noma 73,2 dollar ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane. Ngasekuqaleni kuka-2015, isimo waphoqwa ukuba akhokhele abangaba yizigidi ezingu-12.7 hryvnia, futhi kuphela yibhange izikweletu zangaphandle. Ngokuhambisana isabelomali isimo, okuyinto ngokwaso umbhali Yatseniuk ubiza neze, ngoJanuwari kwadingeka ukuba akhokhe inani 6.03 bhiliyoni hryvnia kuphela izikweletu isevisi. On sokukhokha isamba avelele izikweletu zaba hryvnia 6,67 bhiliyoni kuphela.

Yini eyabangela injabulo ochwepheshe?

Mela kochwepheshe mayelana nokuthi ezenzakalelayo senzeka e-Ukraine noma cha, okudalwe ukuncipha elibukhali ivolumu zegolide exchange angaphandle izinqolobane yezwe, esetshenziselwa ukusevisa esikweletini zangaphandle. Ungakwazi ukuxoxa zokunciphisa amafa kuqhathaniswa ne-October at 20.82% ngoNovemba 2014. Uma sihumusha sibalo ngefomethi lwemali, kuyoba azisizi 2,621 dollar ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane. Iyimbi asabela ngayo isitatimende Moodys ejensi, abasebenzi ochwepheshe 4500 abasuka emazweni 26. Yenze umhlahlo okuzenzakalelayo e-Ukraine, ezisebenza iqiniso lokuthi past 10 iminyaka, SMP ifinyelele umlando walo ongaphakeme.

Yini uhulumeni ukuyenza?

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ematfuba okuzenzakalelayo kuleli zwe kuthathwa ochwepheshe abaningi ngezinga eliphezulu ecatshangelwayo, uhulumeni maqondana nalokhu izinkolelo zabo. Inhloko-National Bank of lizwe Gontareva lithi sekulungile, futhi umphumela izindleko overruns - Kutama silondoloze izinga lokushintshisana ngaleso 8 hryvnia elilodwa dollar futhi asekele empini e- mpumalanga yezwe. imizamo Akuphumelelanga qeda ukungqubuzana aphindaphindiwe kushabalele, yaqala ukwehlelwa imfuneko eurobonds Ukraine. Naphezu run-up yokutholwa Disemba 29, 2014 isabelomali kanye isimo sangempela, owawuthi kwesabelo sezimali zaba 63.67 bhiliyoni hryvnia, uhulumeni ngasekuqaleni kwalo nyaka ngenkuthalo bathi izimali zonke ulahlekile. Nokho, eqinisweni eyodwa kuphela ukungabi imali inkonzo izikweletu isivele ukhuluma full-scale ngeni yezimali. Ukuze sibhekane ukuqaliswa nezibopho ngaphansi izikweletu kuyoba kungenzeka kuphela ngentshiseko abakweletwayo zangaphandle.

Uyini ezenzakalelayo?

Okuzenzakalelayo e-Ukraine kubhekwe njengento isithiyo zokuzivikela uyakwazi ukuvikela izwe kusuka ucabanga Imininingwane kwezomnotho. inqubo sihlinzekela indlela ivumela umboleki ukukhokha izikweletu ku isikimu elungiselelwe. Ungakwazi ukuxoxa izikweletu kabusha, kuhlanganise izinkokhelo engamancozuncozu kuze kube isikhathi lapho izwe kuyophuma nobukhulu bale nkinga. Ngokuvamile, lomkhuba kuyokwenzeka ukubuyisela umnotho ezifuywayo isimo. Njengoba for ohlangothini ezincwadini udaba, it has eyodwa kuphela kukhulunywa eside izimbangela uvalo emphakathini.

Yikuphi izenzakalo ochwepheshe bathi ngenxa ezenzakalelayo ku Ukraine?

Uma uzobe umemezele okuzenzakalelayo esemthethweni e-Ukraine, uzoqala ukuvela kumangala okukhulu kusukela labamele sive nasemsebentini ibhizinisi maqondana amabhange kanye nezimali ezifakwa yibhange, bebheke izinkampani kusukela kwamabhange, okuzokwenza uzame lokuxhaphaza simo. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, kuzokhuphula inani umbango phakathi kwezinhlangano ngenxa ukuncishiswa bentela ukwethembeka kuleli zwe. Imiphumela okuzenzakalelayo e-Ukraine kunzima kakhulu ukulinganisa, kusukela nobunzima e kwamabhange, isimo ngeke abeke izibazi njalo legatsha womsebenzi kanye nokuthuthukiswa isimo.

Neziphethu inkimbinkimbi isimo kuphela

Basil Yurchishin, owakhonza njengelungu yingcweni Macroeconomics, uthi isimo kuleli zwe ikunikinele yiziphethu ngokwanele ezinkulu. Into yokuqala ukuthi scares off zimali angaphandle - empini empumalanga. Ungakwazi ukuxoxa izilinganiso kunalokho ongaphakeme yezwe ezingeni lomhlaba wonke jikelele. State Izibalo iKomiti ibika ukuthi esikhathini kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-September ngo-umnotho isimo, kodwa inhliziyo yayibukhuni etshaliwe hryvnia 1.8 billion kuphela. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi ukwehla ukukhula utshalomali ngqo angaphandle ngu 14.9%. Lokhu kuhlobene ngokuqondile ukwehla we hryvnia, okuyinto, ngokusho idatha olusemthethweni olunikezwa National Bank yezwe zaba 58,9%. Uhulumeni uqinisekisa abantu ukuthi izwe akuyona into ukwesekwa Melika, China ne-EU, by tranches ekwazi ukuxazulula zonke izinkinga isimo. Naphezu kwalezo zenzakalo, cishe akekho ongasho ukuthi Ukraine on the esengozini okuzenzakalelayo. Kubhejwa ezibekwe phezu ikhono ukundlula lomkhuba ngenxa basekela amazwe umlingani.

Yini elindele Ukraine esikhathini esizayo?

Ochwepheshe ngihlola kokuphetha ngokuthi kuzoba khona okuzenzakalelayo e-Ukraine, bakuthola kunzima ukunikeza impendulo eqondile. Ezinye izenzakalo kuzoncika kuphela isinqumo lamazwe emhlabeni esikhathini isici ukunakekelwa. Uma lomkhuba kuzokwenzeka, ngisho noma izwe lakithi ngeke nethuba ngokusebenzisa nokuvuselelwa eside phinda ufake esiteji emhlabeni, kodwa kuyodingeka babhekane nobunzima. Ukutadisha umbuzo ukuthi kusho Ukraine kube okumisiwe, singaxoxa sokuwa rankings international, yingakho outflow okukhulu zimali dolobha is ngenakugwemeka. amazwe Umhlaba ngiyeke ukunikeza ukubolekisa, uxhaso izotholakala kuphela eziphezulu zenzalo nokunikwa izibambiso. Ukuwa izinga lokushintshisana, ukwehla ukungena, ukuncishiswa imali yangempela sabantu, ngivuka abangasebenzi - lena nje eziyisisekelo, iyiphi abayeki ochwepheshe bathi. nomthelela omubi uzobe onikezwe ingxenye yasebhange, ikakhulu kwenzeke kuvalwe izikhungo eziningi zemali, ama-akhawunti amakhasimende idlulela, yinkimbinkimbi inqubo abonge real imikhakha yezomnotho. Kukhona kungenzeka ukuthi ezinye abahlanganyeli amabhange kanye izibambiso emakethe izosuswa kusuka zonke izibopho, elandela isibonelo isimo. Rising abangasebenzi is ngenakugwemeka. Ongoti, soberly ekuhloleni isimo, waphawula khona uhla eligcwele imihlola, ngokwezinga elikhulu futhi nenkanyiso encane obonakaliswe emnothweni namuhla.