Ngubani umbhali nkondlo, futhi uhluke umbhali

Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, ngubani imbongi, akwanele ukubheka kwisichazamazwi. Enguqulweni kusukela Greek - imbongi. Kodwa hhayi imvumelwano sikubiza izinkondlo, hhayi nje ngamazwi master ungumnikazi ke. Ngokuvamile izimbongi lilinganise abantu bakwazi kamnandi futhi ayidlulisela ngokucacile ubuhle emhlabeni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi indlela isethulo.

Umlando omncane

Eziningana eminyakeni eyinkulungwane edlule endaweni YaseYurophu izizwe AmaCeltic waphila, zingayazi zamagama. Bangishiyile kungekho imithombo kombhalo, kodwa namaqhawe ozelwe nemicabango yabo ziyabonakala ku zamaqhawe Ephakathi: i-bili Merlin, Prince Ayzenherts, Tristan futhi Isolde. Ngenxa izimbongi, bards, Ngembathisa ngentuthuko ezungeze asesimweni senkondlo, umlando wafika kubafundi banamuhla futhi wathola ukunkenketha ezinhliziyweni zabo.

UMdali, nokuba isipho okungavamile, esemngceleni ne kwemvelo - imbongi. Lisho ukuthini igama elithi sitolikwa njengoba AmaCeltic asendulo, ngakho ngaphezu imilolotelo wayekwenza bonke abapristi druids entsha. Izinganekwane yomdlalo ephelezelwa namahabhu, ngokwezwi nezwi umxhwele abayizakhamuzi ezejwayelekile.

Naphezu igunya kwesethulo olusankondlo, kanye namasiko sethulwe temibhalo yephrozi. Kwaze kwaba sekhulwini XIX zonke eqanjiwe ngokuthi izinkondlo. Namuhla sisebenzisa igama elivamile elithi kuphela ngomqondo emincane izwi.

izinkondlo Izici

Ukudala izimbongi - kuba izinkondlo: tinkondlo, ballads. Waqala endulo, kuba:

• ubuhle mesmerizing of umsindo;
• lidlulisela umculo emangalisayo yokukhuluma;
• Siveza imizwa umbhali, bavulela ku kude umphefumulo wakhe;
• Kuyasiza ukuze uqonde kangcono nabanye abantu ukuzwelana nabo;
• aesthetically elimnandi;
• Limelela isici esithile evumela ukuzizwa kwelinye nemvelo.

Lokhu kufezwa ngezinkathi zezikhathi ngokuletha kuwo Ubukhulu entsha, ayidingeki enkulumweni yansuku zonke: imitha, imvumelwano, isigqi. Inhlangano engavamile yokukhuluma uqokomisa izinkondlo okwakuvela ohlotsheni olukhethekile lwenkanyezi lokusungula tetemibhalo, lihlukaniswe temibhalo yephrozi.

Imbongi kanye imbongi: umehluko

Namuhla, i-computer ekwazi uku thatha isibalo esiphezulu imilolotelo kanye ukudala "yobuciko" kweqiniso, abhalwe pentameter iambic noma. Kodwa imisebenzi enjalo zihlukaniswa kalula kusuka izintambo-copyright. Kungaba uyibize ngokuthi ubuciko kanye nokukhangisa iziqubulo noma engenabuntu ukubingelela izinkondlo, wenza oda. Ngubani imbongi futhi yini umehluko yayo kusuka kunoma iyiphi imbongi?

Luthela kumbhali kubalulekile zikhathi zonke ngokubona abafundi kanye ochwepheshe zangempela. ukuhlolwa yabo ngesimo mazwi: "Wena imbongi kweqiniso" - kuyinto ngezinga eliphakeme yokudumisa ukuqashelwa amakhono. Yiziphi izimo salokhu ukwanelisa lakhe lokusungula?

• imizwa kombhali kumele kube sobala futhi ithinta izintambo umphefumulo umfundi.
• Kumelwe ube umcabango ocebile, cabanga ujule izithombe.
• Ukuze ukwazi ukubona okungavamile angenanhlonipho, ekutholeni izingathekiso ezithakazelisayo futhi epithets.
• Ukuba umuntu ngokomzwelo futhi evulekile, ukukwazi ukubhala inhliziyo, hhayi umqondo.
• Jabulela musicality kanye nomuzwa isigqi.

Eyiqiniso futhi Izinkondlo: umehluko

Okwakushiwo ehilela yalokho uvame ukubizwa ubani okwaziyo kamnandi ukuveza imicabango, eveza ubuhle izenzakalo ezisemfanekisweni. Kodwa izincwadi zisabelwe ngokucacile izindlela indalo ngobuciko, okwakuhilela abalobi kanye izimbongi. Umehluko siphathelene uhlobo isethulo ukucabanga ngenkulumo ukuthi kungenziwa okwethulwa ifomu tabular:

Abalobi ukuqamba temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba (tindzaba letimfisha, amanoveli), kanye izimbongi - izinkondlo. Kodwa amakhosi ngempela leli gama elithi kuyinto generalist.

Laba bameleli be umhlabeleli

Phakathi zabuna zezinkondlo emhlabeni - Pushkin futhi Lermontov amagama, Pasternak futhi Ascension, Dante futhi Goethe, Byron futhi Petrarch. Ukuphendukela ubuntu babo, ungathola impendulo yombuzo othi, ngubani imbongi. Bonke imvelo elikhanyayo yokudala, wanika umcabango abacebile kuwabeke isixuku ngokomzwelo. Uma uthanda, into, esisekhona isiphepho passion, ihlushwa umhawu, ukuntuleka reciprocity noma ukungakwazi hlanganani okwakuyokwenzeka. Yabo nomuzwa isigqi kanye melody kubusa zonke umugqa. Kuyinto akukho ngozi eziningi imisebenzi zabo ezithwalwa kalula umculo, ukuvula izinkondlo ku amaculo kanye zothando.

Geniuses amazwi they are kasibili jikelele. Ngakho, Pushkin - nombhali omunye izinkondlo best "Eugene Onegin" inkondlo. Wabhala play, hhayi owehla evela esigabeni kusukela 1870, - "Boris Godunov". Setha umculo by Mussorgsky, opera kwegama elifanayo ehlobise esigabeni amathiyetha engcono zomculo zomhlaba. "Dubrovsky", "Isivunguvungu Seqhwa," "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" - amasampula imisebenzi engcono yobuciko e temibhalo yephrozi. Abaningi bakholelwa inoveli okungenakuqhathaniswa M. Lermontov "Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu." Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, esikhathini esiyiminyaka engu-27 uye bashiya umlando ongeke ocebile evesini, ngalo ubizwa abalobi brilliant lyric emlandweni izincwadi emhlabeni.

Meaning of igama elithi "imbongi" endulo

Kakade endulo, abalobi wacabanga ukuthi kufanele baphathe umsebenzi wabo ngco kulofundzako. UHorace (Rome sidilizwa) wakhuluma ukuhlakulela izimfanelo futhi zizwakale kahle. Yingakho udumo yokuthi sishintshe imikhuba emphakathini lasekuqaleni. Ifomu le nkondlo kubalulekile, futhi kufanele ube njengawo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba ugcwalise okuqukethwe uyafundisa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, abalobi kudingeka sitadishe ifilosofi emvelweni yomuntu. Imbongi akukwazi Okuqukethwe akuzwakali. umsebenzi wakhe - ukulwela ukuwenza kahle umsebenzi, unganelisekile izimpumelelo ezincane.

Ukuqokwa imbongi

Horace wacabanga baye bahlakulela abameleli engcono kwezincwadi XVIII-XIX leminyaka. Pushkin emisebenzini ekuseni yabeka umgomo ukuba noMphefumleli ka "ongcwele abakhululekileyo nabayizigqila", bedumisa nenkululeko yokucabanga futhi lokusungula. Eminyakeni kamuva imbongi kanye izinkondlo indaba ephathwayo isibe omunye ukhiye emsebenzini wakhe - babe "umProfethi?" Nkondlo, "The Poet", "Isikhumbuzo", lapho wabukeza imibono yakhe. Ngokusho kwakhe, imbongi ngaphezu kwabo bonke abanye abantu, kodwa ivusa izwi likaNkulunkulu, akufanele sizame ukuwalungisa. Ebhekisela umphefumulo, hhayi umqondo, umlobi ihlose ukuvusa indoda engcono, futhi lokho kumenza indoda.

Lermontov athuthukiswe ukuzwisisa imbongi Pushkin njengesakhamuzi ngubani ubophekile ukuba ukuhlangabezana isixuku. Kodwa kuyacaca kuye ukuthi kule mass, uyokwenza ahlale yedwa. Inkinga ingaxazululwa kuphela ngokusebenzisa Kuhlangana, ngakho Nikolai Gogol wasikisela ukuthi imbongi ubophekile ukubona ubuhlungu nezifiso zabantu.

Afterword

On imbongi, kanye umbhali, akunakwenzeka ukufunda. Leli akulona umsebenzi ukuthi kungafundwa ngokufunda amakhono athile. Ngakho-ke, kufanele sizalwe, ngoba kuyindlela olukhethekile ukuqonda ukuphila, ubuciko, kanye ithalente womuntu, kwesiphetho kwadalwa ukuthi kungagwenywa cha. Kanjani ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, ngubani imbongi ikhumbula namuhla?

Yevgeny Yevtushenko inkondlo ka- "iqala" ubiza izithathe ukuze ixazulule leyo "yokuntuleka uhlamvu" futhi "engenabuntu" hhayi wesabe "abampofu amakhono bewumsebenzi." Imbongi kweqiniso Ngeke ube isingathekiso ngokuphelele Izehlakalo zokuphila. Umbhali izobanjelwa njengendlela umlobi kuphela uma uthola ngeke ibe usizo abafundi, futhi idinga ukuba sithembeke yena.

kuyocaca ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kangakanani izinkondlo zakhe ngoba abanye kubantu abavamile nje kwaphela isizukulwane elifanelana nalo.