Lyceum Pushkin sika isosha esihlatshelelwayo A. Ukuhlaziywa nohlu imisebenzi

Pushkin waqala ukubhala izinkondlo ekuseni kakhulu, hhayi yonke imisebenzi yakhe ekuseni, wajabula. Nokho, amazwi Pushkin lyceum Sinesithakazelo esikhulu ukuba abacwaningi, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi kwakhiwa isitayela esankondlo umlobi.

periodization lokusungula

Ukudala A. S. Pushkina iyinkimbinkimbi futhi enezici. Ngo sikhathi sokuphila kwakhe ngamunye umbhali ukuvusela izihloko ezahlukene, nezimo zengqondo ekuphileni izenzakalo. Ukuze uhlukanise umsebenzi Pushkin, kuye ngokuthi indawo yayo. Ngokwesibonelo, isikhathi sokuqala kubhekwa Lyceum kufanele Petersburg ngaye - ngesikhathi lapho umbhali abasebasha besebenza e College of Foreign Affairs. Khona-ke imbongi wathunyelwa South isixhumanisi. Lapha, eningizimu yeRussia, iqala kwesikhathi wesithathu umsebenzi wakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, luhlala e ifa lomndeni St. Michael ke e Boldin, ekugcineni, wesibili Petersburg uqeda umsebenzi ezihlukahlukene omlobi ekhaliphile.

Imfundo e Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum

I ayichitha esikoleni esiphakeme, zakhuthaza ekutheni uthando izincwadi. Phela, lokhu esikoleni kwadingeka ngokugxila zezenhlalakahle. Izifundo main babe umlando, izincwadi kanye izilimi zakwamanye amazwe. Imibhalo emaklasini, abafundi kwakufanele ukumela umsebenzi wayo njengomalusi. Yiqiniso, Pushkin kwaba impumelelo kulezi umzimba. Ngaphezu sessions ukuqeqeshwa, abafundi eshicilelwe izinkondlo zabo komagazini "ababhukudi Young", "ngepeni ongenalwazi", "Lyceum esikweyoku." Pushkin njalo bahlanganyela ukufundwa etemibhalo, balandela izindaba kule ndawo. Omunye wabafundi ozithandayo esiyikhethayo esikoleni esiphakeme umsebenzi lilonke inganekwane, lapho yimpumelelo kakhulu futhi Delvig Kiichelbecker.

Eyokuqala inkondlo A. S. Pushkina

I sina isipiliyoni kuqala kwezincwadi imbongi ezibhalelwe e 1814. Kwakuwusuku umkhiqizo "Ukuze umngane imbongi." Kufanele ukuthi, njengabanye imisebenzi ekuqaleni imbongi, le nkondlo kwaba imitative. Pushkin ngofuzo isitayela Boileau. I humorously-yamahlaya ngendlela iqhawe lyrical nkondlo uphendukela umngane wakhe, lokunguye lobhala izinkondlo. Ululeka kuye ukuyeka izinkondlo, ngoba "kuyoba mnandi - kahle, ezolile -. Isigamu kangcono" Naphezu yobudala khona amazinyane ayo, Pushkin wazizwa phetho vibrantly samanje imbongi. Lena akuyona umuntu ahambisana umugqa, anakho ukufundisa, sokujabulisa umqondo, isipiliyoni, futhi isibalo esingapheliyo umsebenzi ngaphandle engashiyi yena.

Kakade endalweni lokhu ekuqaleni Pushkin sika olusankondlo lembula isitayela yayo lula, yebo, imbongi ngokuqephuza uhlobo of uvuthondaba, ngaphezu, isimo ukuboniswa kubo kukholakale kakhulu. Genius wakwazi ukwenza okuthile alikwazanga yimuphi omunye ngabalingisi Boileau.

Ngakho, isibonelo ubuhlobo bakhe isihloko imbongi kanye izinkondlo kakade inikeza izinkondlo Lyceum Pushkin sika. Kafushane singasho ukuthi umsebenzi Pushkin wombhali - ukulandela kushukumisa futhi ugqozi, kuwumsebenzi ongenabugovu futhi enesibopho.

Ukunqoba lokuqala imbongi

Impumelelo yangempela futhi sibusiso umsebenzi obengeziwe Pushkin wathola ngesikhathi ukuhlola izincwadi Russian. Njengoba ukuhlola umsebenzi Alexander inikeza ODE yakhe "Umlando e Tsarskoye Selo." Isilaleli main futhi ngomshini kumhloli wezincwadi wenziwa inkosi izincwadi Russian - GR Derzhavin. Ngemva kwalokho, Pushkin wakhumbula ukuthi izinkondlo zakhe wafunda nge amadlingozi Amazing, ayengasakwazi okuzibamba. Derzhavin kwaba nenjabulo, lapho ngifuna ukugona imbongi abasha.

Lyceum Pushkin sika izinkondlo (tinkondlo, kulotshiwe Eminyakeni yokuqala emithathu zokuqeqesha, ikakhulukazi) kuveza amandla akhe ukusebenza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zomculo. Wayengumuntu ngokulinganayo yimpumelelo njengoba e ukubhinqa nasesikhathini ODE, lyric, Elegy. Ikakhulukazi ngokucacile ebonakaliswa ikhono inkondlo "Umlando e Tsarskoye Selo." Yiqiniso, Pushkin isekelwe esikweni classical isiRashiya, kodwa kuletha kuya inkondlo ukusakaza fresh, okwenezela uhlobo lokukhishwa ODE elegiac, isimo nokuzindla. Lapho umlobi ukhuluma enkazimulweni namaqhawe isiRashiya, akhetha isitayela onesizotha odic. Ngemva kokuba ivesi iba smooth xaxa futhi izingoma, ngaleso sikhathi, lapho iqhawe lyrical uyakhumbula esikhathini uNapoleon, ukuthi wayengumuntu abanganaki futhi sindiso wahlala yonke le minyaka, engazi nokuthi wayeza enkingeni. Futhi ekugcineni, inkondlo iphela okufanayo futhi wanelise izwi elikhulu ekhazimulisa dolobha yaseRussia. Kulesi umsebenzi, ke komculo wonke umusa, wonke amandla ukuthi libhubhisa amazwi Pushkin lyceum. Indzaba "Umlando e Tsarskoye Selo" wenzé umlobi odumile. Kwaba ngemva kokufunda Derzhavin wabusisa ubuhlakani abasha ku umsebenzi esizayo futhi zamemezela ukuthi lesi imbongi enkulu uvele Russia.

Lyceum Pushkin sika izinkondlo: izinkondlo, belingisa ukukhanya zezinkondlo French

Kungani Pushkin inkondlo wabheka engavamile futhi entsha? Ikakhulu ngenxa yolimi. Pushkin ekhetha zinendlela senkondlo. Ayikho imisho esindayo xaxa, emide, okunzima ukuyiqonda le-syntax, okwakukhona kangaka izimbongi classical. Alexander usebenzisa isitayela yezimbongi French ezifana Guys futhi uVoltaire, omisebenzi yakhe abizwa ngokuthi "ukukhanya". Nokho, kalula ukuvela hhayi kuphela ezingeni isitayela, kodwa futhi ezingeni izifundo. izinkondlo Lyceum Pushkin sika - lesi sitatimende kuyinto Epicureanism, isimo sengqondo khulula ekuphileni. Lokhu motif Pushkin lathathwa uzakwabo ku Batiushkov peru-. Enye inkondlo Lyceum isikhathi abadumile iba isigijimi 1814 "Ukuze Batyushkov". Kuleli pheshana, imbongi ubiza omunye "ibheja", "ifilosofi ngokomoya." Pushkin unika Batyushkov iseluleko friendly: ujabulele ukuphila, uthando, kodwa ungakhohlwa umculo.

izisusa Civil ku lyric ekuseni

izisusa Civil manje bese uvele izinkondlo imbongi kulo umsebenzi wakhe, yayiphumula futhi amazwi Pushkin lyceum. Amavesi lapho umsindo la izisusa kuhluke ukuphi, ubungqabavu kanye intransigence bobusha. Omunye imisebenzi edume kunazo - "Licinius" (1815). Kuleli pheshana, u-Alexander edonsela kwechibi elikhulu izimpawu lasendulo nezithombe. Umbhali isitshela yokuncipha kokubaluleka sezikhathini zamaRoma lapho abantu bakhuleka umbusi, aqala ukuncipha lapho izinkambiso zokuziphatha. iqhawe Lyrical - imbongi abasha abanothando. Wasikisela ukuba umngane wakhe Licinius asuke eRoma, ukushiya emzaneni futhi basebenze lapho nge izinkondlo, amazwi ekulahleni onesimilo esixegayo isikhathi sabo. Lo msebenzi kahle ifaniswe nenkululeko abathanda imbongi lyric, afike wasungula khona iSikhungo lokuqala Petersburg isikhathi. Nokho Lyceum isosha esihlatshelelwayo iyahlukahluka kuphikisa ephelele uhulumeni, okuyinto wabizela yilo umbono izazi zezwe.

Izinguquko ku isosha esihlatshelelwayo

Kakade eminyakeni yamuva e- the Lyceum, Pushkin waqala ukubhala izinkondlo, lapho kukhona amanothi yokudabuka. Lolu shintsho kwasho incwadi "K Zhukovsky" (1816). Okuningi Pushkin ngeke anacreontic komkhathi, ngobudedengu. Imbongi kuyoba ukuthi ayemakhulu amathemba ababenawo efanayo, kodwa ngenxa singakujabuleli ukuphila, ayimamukeli. Encwadini ayibhalela Zhukovsky Pushkin ngokuqondene zakhe umsebenzi le mbongi okukhulu. inkondlo Elegiac baba lo mkhuba main esikhathini kamuva Lyceum. Esinye sezibonelo zalokhu "Ngokuhlukana" nkondlo, "Isifiso", "Umculi".

Ukuhlaziywa zezinkondlo Pushkin sika awunakuba khona ngaphandle kokuthethelela umdwebo ukufana okukhona phakathi komsebenzi wakhe kanye umsebenzi nezinye izimbongi isikhathi sakhe. U-Alexander uneminyaka uhlobo inkhulumomphendvulwano abantu ababephila ngesikhathi sabo, isihloko okuyinto ubuciko - okungukuthi, lokho kufanele kube, njengoba imbongi ulobe, kanjani ukubhala.

izinkondlo Lyceum Pushkin sika: tinkondlo (uhlu)

izinkondlo Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke Pushkin, eyabhalwa ngo Lyceum le Tsar sika:

1. "Umlando e Tsarskoye Selo."
2. "Licinius".
3. "Ukuze Batyushkov".
4. "K Zhukovsky".
5. "Isifiso".
6. "Elegy".
7. "Riders".

okutholakele

impahla Rich isifundo kuyinto izinkondlo le Lyceum Pushkin sika. Kafushane ke lingachazwa ngokuthi ukwakheka ngendlela komlobi asankondlo lapho amathalenta eliqhakazile wabobonke izinhlobo, kanye nekhono ukusebenza izwi. Phela, ibonakale kakade kula mavesi isitayela obunobunye akhululeke ubuhle izinkondlo. The main izihloko amazwi Pushkin le nkathi: izinkondlo, ubungani, uthando.