Ikhekhe KwabaseSoviet Kwakugxile Khona - ukunambitheka, GOST inikezwe. Ungadliwa amakhekhe Soviet

Iningi lethu ukhumbule lokho uphudingi useyingane. Ikakhulukazi uju fabulous kwaba ikhekhe Soviet. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba zonke namakhekhe Ayekulungele kusuka imikhiqizo yemvelo futhi babe elinganiselwe eshalofini-ukuphila, ngokungafani kuya imikhiqizo yesimanje. Kulesi sihloko sifuna ukukhumbula eSoviet zokupheka amakhekhe, mhlawumbe umuntu unquma ukupheka uphudingi kusuka ebuntwaneni ekhaya.

Nasi umlando ...

Ngokomlando, ukuthi ngesiRashiya ekhishini kwaba cishe akukho amakhekhe. Kodwa ngaphansi kophudingi waqaphela mousses, jellies, Uphudingi, apula wabhaka croutons, amakhekhe ophaya izithelo okusemathinini. Ngo cookbooks omdala ikhekhe recipe, ngaphandle ukuthi ungathola kophudingi kusuka khekhe noshizi. ikhekhe Soviet wangena ekudleni izakhamuzi zethu kule zamashumi amahlanu ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka.

dessert nenhle ngokushesha okukhulu wamthanda nabantu. Futhi engxenyeni zamashumi amahlanu yesibili ikhekhe laseSoviet imfanelo oyinhloko noma iyiphi ithebula holiday. I dessert edume kunazo kukhona "Cornucopia", "Napoleon", "Fairy Tale", "Kiev" kanye nabanye abaningi.

Ungadliwa amakhekhe Soviet ngesikhathi evunyiwe Minpischepromom, izithako zemvelo kuphela esetshenziselwa ukulungiselela yabo. Lokho kuphela imali rosettes okumnandi uwoyela zokuhlobisa confectionery siphelile! ikhekhe laseSoviet into ekhethekile, hhayi dessert eziwubala. Ngokungafani imikhiqizo zamanje, bonke amakhekhe babe emangalisayo okumnandi futhi eqotho. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, iresiphi 142, owawuthi zonke uMnyango zwe elikhulukazi sivunyiwe phakathi nenkathi yamaSoviet.

Ikhekhe "Kiev": umlando nesenzakalo

Ukukhumbula amakhekhe edume kwamaSoviet, kanye kubalulekile ukuba banake eziningi ozithandayo "Kiev". Ngo-1956, Nadezhda Chernogor futhi Konstantin uPetrenko (abasebenzi edumile confectionery Kiev imboni noKarla Marksa) udale wobuciko ngempela, okuyinto kamuva yase yaziwa ngokuthi "Kyïv". Dessert lalinabashumayeli zasemoyeni nut amakhekhe, okuyinto usebenzisa izinhlobo ezinhlanu namantongomane. Ngokuba ukulungiswa isibilile amaprotheni athathwe. Maphakathi nawo-sixties Minpischepromom USSR ikhekhe recipe sivunyiwe. It ekuqaleni ngokusekelwe ukusetshenziswa isicinganani amantongomane, kodwa lokhu nut kwaba ngempela eqolo, ngakho kamuva kuthiwa lathathelwa indawo hazelnuts, futhi kamuva namantongomane.

Ukulungisa "Kiev" ikhekhe esetshenziswa Iqanda ukhilimu (ezaziwa ngokuthi Charlotte ukhilimu). Kodwa kule minyaka engu-70 kuthiwa lathathelwa indawo nge alube-bhotela. Lokhu ukhilimu kwaba okuphelele xaxa futhi ezisindayo. "Kiev" ikhekhe yamaSoviet kuye abe legend isikhathi sakhe. Wayelethwa ngakho abathandwa zonke futhi ethandwa ukuthi zonke wokujikeleza ushayise kusuka Kiev ncamashi le dessert.

Izithako ngokuba "Kiev" ikhekhe

Njengoba sishilo, zokupheka wamaqebelengwane kwamaSoviet esekelwe ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yemvelo. Yiqiniso, esikhathini sethu ukupheka dessert kuyoba ezibizayo, kodwa sifuna ukuletha version zakudala iresiphi. Ngakho, ukulungiswa amakhekhe, sidinga:

1. Amaqanda qanda - 200 (cishe izikhathi eziphindwe kasithupha Iqanda amaprotheni).
2. Iphakheji vanilla ushukela.
3. Cashew - '55
4. Ushukela - 235 g
5. Ufulawa - '55

Ukuze ukhilimu:

1. Butter - 255 g
2. Ushukela - 225 g
3. Egg.
4. Ubisi - 150 g
5. nokhokho oyimpuphu - 10 g
6. Iphakheji vanilla ushukela.
7. Cognac - 2 wezipuni. l.

Ukuze umhlobiso, ungathatha izithelo ambalwa candied.

"Kiev" ikhekhe: iresiphi zakudala (nenkathi yamaSoviet)

Ukupheka dessert kufanele kuqale imvubelo amantshu amaqanda. Badinga ukushiya endaweni efudumele usuku. I amaprotheni ukulungele ngosuku olulandelayo Shake up in a Foam obukhulu, ungakhohlwa engeza 50 amagremu ushukela kanye vanilla. Zonke izithako kufanele baphenduke ibe mass obukhulu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho ufulawa Xuba phansi isicinganani nuts (bangakwazi kuthathelwe indawo hazelnuts eshibhile noma amantongomane), engeza 185 amagremu ushukela. Ingxube wafakwa kancane kancane ukwethula washaywa amaqanda qanda futhi ngobumnene ukuxuba izithako. Ungqimba kufanele ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili bese efakwa amafomu amabili, owakhiwe isikhumba ezinamafutha akahle. Amakhekhe zishiswa at degrees 150 amahora amabili. Badinga ukulungiselela ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma usayizi kuhhavini ayikuvumeli ukuba benze kanjalo, kubalulekile ukuba ukulungiselela inhlama for ikhekhe ngalinye. Phakathi ukupheka noma kunjalo ayikwazi ukuvula kuhhavini, umkhiqizo osuphelile kufanele uthenge umthunzi ukhilimu. Amakhekhe kufanele ukushiywa isikhumba usuku, ngakho seyizolile ngokuphelele futhi abe namandla.

Ukulungisa ukhilimu Charlotte kumele kuphekwe kusuka ubisi, ushukela kanye amaqanda isiraphu. Khona-ke lona kuphole. Khona - esimweni abandayo - zingena bhotela pre-etshalwe kubantu abaphila. Uma lokhu mass kuyadingeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuze uhlanganise. Kakade Sekukancane engeza ukhilimu vanilla ushukela ne-brandy, uphehle futhi.

Okulandelayo, mass ewumphumela detachable kusuka 200 amagremu bese wengeza nokhokho oyimpuphu, izingxenye whereupon phehla.

Manje uhlala kuphela ukuqoqa ikhekhe. Esikhunjeni esithambile ukubeka ikhekhe futhi ukhilimu Athambisa esembozweni sawo phezulu nge Korzh yesibili futhi ubangela ngisho ungqimba ka cream. Chocolate mass Athambisa izinhlangothi dessert. Uma une imvuthuluka osale amaqebelengwane, bangasifaka afafaze ebusweni uhlangothi. Phezulu ikhekhe nge ukhilimu futhi ukuhlobisa izithelo candied.

"Ubisi Lenyoni": umlando

Uma ucabangela amakhekhe zakudala kwamaSoviet, ngempela kokukhuluma "ubisi Lenyoni". Ngo-1978, iqembu lonke Confectioners, eholwa inhloko ukukhiqizwa YaseMoscow yokudlela edumile "ePrague" V M. Guralnikom iresiphi kule ikhekhe emangalisayo yadalwa. Dessert iresiphi ithengiswe ngokushesha kwamanye confectionery zokudla, kodwa okumnandi kakhulu wayesazi ku "ePrague". Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Eighties kanye emgqeni Arbat nsuku yabathengi abafuna ukuthenga ikhekhe. Phela yena gade kuwufanele. Izacile emoyeni isipanji ikhekhe nge souffle kanye ushokoledi isibe adume. Uma ekuqaleni esitolo uzilungiselele usuku ingqikithi amakhekhe 60, ngokushesha umkhiqizo wawanda ukuba 500. Indlela efanayo ngokwayo ithengiswe ngokushesha lonke ngokusebenzisa Mosrestorantrest.

Uma nemiqathane nenkathi yamaSoviet akunzima kangako ukupheka ekhaya, ngempela ukudlala "ubisi Lenyoni" akulula. Ukulungiselela souffle esimeme - kungakhathaliseki lula.

Izithako ngokuba Ikhekhe "ubisi Nyoni"

Imfihlo ebaluleke kakhulu ikhekhe ukulungiselela ukusetshenziswa agar-agar, okungakwazi kuthathelwe indawo lutho. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi agar-agar kungaba ezahlukene. Yena siphela ngokugcwele ukubila, kodwa ngezinye degrees 120 ngokushesha ulahlekelwa gelling izakhiwo. Njengoba kunzima kakhulu ukusebenza, ngakho sengathi ikhekhe uyakwazi ukulungiselela wangempela khekhe Umpheki.

Imikhiqizo elandelayo kuyodingeka for the ikhekhe:

1. Ufulawa - 145 g
2. ushukela 100g
3. Butter - 105 g
4. amaqanda amabili.

Ukuze soufflé:

1. amaqanda qanda amabili.
2. Ushukela - 460
3. A iphakethe of ibhotela.
4. Agar -agar - 2 tsp .. (4 amagremu).
5. Vanillin.
6. ubisi olujiyile - 100 g

Ukuze umhlobiso:

1. Chocolate - '75
2. Butter - '55

Recipe "ubisi Nyoni"

Ekuqaleni, ukubolekisa ukupheka amakhekhe. Beat ushukela ibhotela engeza amaqanda eyodwa ngesikhathi, akagcini eshaya mass. Bese wengeza ufulawa bese uxove inhlama. Ungqimba kwaphumela is ezigcotshwe yesikhumba ngesimo tindilinga letimbili. Baking amakhekhe amaminithi ayishumi 230 degrees. Uma they zuza kancane inkulu kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuthena kubo futhi agqoke iyunifomu, kuyilapho zisatholakala ashisayo. Amakhekhe kufanele kuphole phansi isikhumba, futhi kuphela ngemva kokuba ukuthi iphepha kungaba zisuswe.

Khona-ke ungakwazi udlulele ukulungiswa souffle. Thela pan 150 amagremu yamanzi wakufaka i agar-agar, ukuyishiya ngoba kwamahora ambalwa zigcwala. Ibhotela esiqandisini kuyadingeka ukuthola ihora ngaphambi ukupheka isiraphu. Isikhathi esimisiwe kumele kube emazingeni okushisa okuvamile. Amaqanda qanda, kunalokho, kufanele selehlile, ngakho yako yangaphambi ukuthumela in the esiqandisini.

Thatha isikhunta yokuhlukanisa awubeka phansi isikhumba, futhi kuso - ikhekhe uqobo.

On umlilo imbiza encane yona evuvukele agar-agar, namanje ukugxambukela siletha isisindo afinyelela ku abilayo, futhi ubilise ngomunye ngomzuzu kuze nokonakala ephelele. Isixazululo elachithwa ushukela futhi imenze ngamathumba futhi, ungakhohlwa ukunyakaza. Ngaleso sikhathi, njengoba ushukela siphela ngokuphelele futhi iqala ezingqubuzanayo ezaziyaluzisa, umlilo kufanele kuvaliwe, ngoba isiraphu usulungile. Manje kufanele kudambe.

Ibhotela sashintsha bese wengeza vanillin wafingqa ubisi phehla izingxenye usebenzisa mixer kuze mass Fluffy.

Ngo ehlukile isitsha phehla amaprotheni (esiqandisini) kuze kube Foam obukhulu. Bese wengeza i-acid citric futhi kabusha phehla. Ungqimba kwaphumela kumele ubambe kahle ku usebe. Ngaphandle kokumisa ukuze uphehle, kancane uthele le isiraphu ku amaprotheni. Kufanele uthole Foam obukhulu kakhulu futhi obukhulu. Ngokulandelayo, ngesivinini aphansi, ukushaya ibhotela wafingqa ubisi amaprotheni. Nakhu souffle yethu futhi ukulungele. Ngo ukulungele ifomu ukusabalala uhhafu kuphela isisindo ukubeka phezu ikhekhe yesibili futhi saphinde sadlulisela wafaka elinye souffle ungqimba. ikhekhe bentanta umkhumbi futhi esiqandisini amahora amathathu.

amakhekhe Classic namaSoviet "ubisi Lenyoni" phezulu ehlotshiswe shokolethe. Ngakho-ke, siyobe abaphambuki iresiphi. Chocolate kumele elicibilikile ibhotela (okungcono in a okugeza amanzi), lapho eseneminyaka kancane epholile, wasibeka phezu kobuso ikhekhe. Dessert ngomumo.

Umlando "Napoleon"

ikhekhe Soviet "Napoleon" namanje adume. Lokhu confection inomlando omude kakhulu. Kunezinganekwane eziningi ngomsuka walo. Ngumuphi ngokubona kwakho kulaba kuyiqiniso, kunzima ukusho. Kukholakala ukuthi umlando ikhekhe waqala ngo-1912, ngosuku we lwethi ngokunqoba Owayengamele ibutho Napoleon Bonaparte. Ngu ngosuku lokugubha ukuthi kuphelelwe ukuncintisana phakathi Confectioners, ngubani okuphekiwe zonke izinhlobo nama-dessert.

Wonke umuntu wayesefuna kusimangaze uMbusi uNicholas II. Ukunakwa enkulu ikhangwa ikhekhe senziwa ngesisekelo Ukhastadi. Confectioner yaba izicucu esingunxantathu futhi ehlotshiswe ophehliwe. Lezi amakhekhe babe emangalisayo afana isigqoko cocked of Napoleon. Ngokusho yetinsita ngemva dessert wabizwa ngokuthi "Napoleon". Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi dessert Iresiphi zasakazekela kulo lonke eRussia futhi isibe adume.

Imikhiqizo "Napoleon"

Ukulungisa ikhekhe "Napoleon" izikhathi Soviet, sizodinga zingxenye ezilandelayo:

1. Ufulawa - 455
2. Oil - 420 g
3. Sol - iminyaka 4
4. Omunye amaqanda.
5. Ushukela - 100 g
6. Water 160 g
7. Omunye igremu of citric acid.
8. Omunye Iqanda isikhuphasha.
9. Ubisi - 70 g
10. Iphakheji vanilla ushukela.
11. Isipuni brandy.
12. Isipuni oluyimpuphu noshukela.

Ikhekhe "Napoleon": iresiphi Soviet

Classic ikhekhe recipe phezu ukhilimu uwoyela yakhiwa izigaba ezine:

1. Ukukhiqiza futhi inhlama ugingqe.
2. amakhekhe Baking.
3. Charlotte ukupheka ukhilimu.
4. Ukubuthanela dessert.

Ukuze lula ukulungiswa ikhekhe, ungakwazi ukuthenga ngomumo eyenziwe Puff khekhe esitolo. Nokho, ukunambitheka dessert kuzohluka kakhulu. Napoleon ikhekhe recipe (Soviet-inkathi) namanje esho test ukulungiselela ezimele. Kulokhu, dessert siphelile kuvela emangalisayo okumnandi. Ukuze lula umsebenzi inhlama ukhilimu ingalungiswa ezinsukwini ezahlukene.

uhlanganise 400 amagremu ufulawa nosawoti inhlama. Ngo amanzi ngokungeza citric acid, ivuse futhi uthele isixazululo ku ufulawa, unezela amaqanda bese uxove inhlama. Ngesimo siphelile akufanele unamathele ezandleni, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele kube soft futhi pliable. Okulandelayo ku isigamu sehora esiqala ngehora inhlama esiqandisini.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, endishini ehlukile uthathe amafutha tincetu, engeza ufulawa kancane (20 grams), uphehle kuze bushelelezi. On the table ungakwazi abeke epulasitikini futhi adlulele wakhe mass uwoyela, wasinikeza a ukuma isikwele ukuphakama kungekho amasentimitha angaphezu kwamabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho eduze ukususa amafutha in the esiqandisini imizuzu amathathu. Isisindo akufanele ukusakaza.

Manje ungaqala inqubo sikhipha inhlama. Ngenxa yalesi ibhodi floured futhi yakha maphakathi imvilophi. Ukubeka uwoyela therein (okuyinto thina bebeka esiqandisini) bese uvale isivivinyo. Okulandelayo, selehlile pin rolling unikezele ngezinsizakalo nombala ungqimba mass, ukushuba zazo kufanele ibe ngaphansi omunye isentimitha. Ikhekhe okuholela is agobe, ukuvala ifilimu bese umkhumbi futhi esiqandisini. Isigamu sehora ngemva kwesikhathi kungenzeka senze egcizelela ukwakheka khekhe olungaqinile, bese uvala emaphethelweni kuya maphakathi bese uthumela cool. I isiko kumele liphindwe izikhathi ezine ngaphezulu. Inhlama eqeda zingafakwa izinsuku eziningana kule esiqandisini kuze kube ngomzuzu lapho unquma ubhake amaqebelengwane.

Isigaba nzima kakhulu iphelile, manje sidinga udlulela inqubo ukubhaka. Thatha amalungelo akhe futhi wenze baking iphepha, futhi pre-kulungele kuhhavini 220 degrees. Inhlama ikhishwa zibe ugqinsi ehlukile, futhi kwangu amahlanu awugqinsi. ikhekhe ngalinye ubhake cishe isigamu sehora. Ukubhaka kufanele kube cool.

Manje usungakwazi uqhubekele ukulungiswa Charlotte ukhilimu. Kudingekile ukulawula uwoyela kusengaphambili futhi ubisi kusukela isiqandisi, ngakho kangangokuthi abanasikhathi ukuxoxa egumbini lokushisa. Beat 70 amagremu ubisi kanye ingxube amaqanda isikhuphasha futhi elicwengekileyo ngokusebenzisa cheesecloth. Ngemva kwalokho, engeza eziyikhulu amagremu ushukela kanye vanilla, ukubeka ebhodweni umlilo omncane futhi umpheki, ibangele njalo. Ungqimba kumelwe alethwe ngamathumba e amaminithi ambalwa isiraphu ukuthola ukungaguquguquki ubisi wafingqa. Ngemva kwalokho, ukuvala umlilo futhi uthele okuqukethwe kolunye isitsha, enika cool.

Sika ibhotela zibe izicucu futhi aqale uphehle, uze aluhlaza. Bese wengeza isiraphu (Igumbi lokushisa) bese uqhubeke kushaywa. Ngenxa yalokho, kufanele uthole ukhilimu aluhlaza. Kungaba ukungezwa ukunambitheka brandy. Amafutha ukhilimu ukulungele Charlotte.

Manje usungaqala bahlanganise ikhekhe. Beka ikhekhe ethreyini futhi ngokulinganayo coat ne ukhilimu wakhe. Top ikhava nge Korzh entsha futhi ngobumnene ngazo isandla sakhe ukubeka mass alube. Ngendlela efanayo thina ukuqhubeka zonke izingqimba. Kumi esiqongweni sezindawo ikhekhe, ngokuvamile ehlotshiswe imvuthu kusukela ezilahliwe amakhekhe kanye noshukela oluyimpuphu. Lapha futhi ukulungele ikhekhe yethu "Napoleon". Recipe (zakudala) okukhona Soviet njengoba ungabona, ngisho simple, ngoba isikhathi esiningi kuthatha ukulungiselela leli khekhe. Kodwa umphumela idlula wonke amathemba.

esikhundleni isiphetho sendaba

Phakathi amakhekhe Soviet babe adume "ePrague", "Isipho", "Leningrad", "Enchantress" kanye nabanye abaningi ... Ngeshwa, ngo kohlaka sihloko akunakwenzeka ukuchaza zonke amakhekhe kwamaSoviet. Sithemba ukuthi lezi izindlela unesithakazelo omama kanye Culinary ubuyise piggy yabo emabhange.