Kuyini thermohaline kwegazi kwezilwandle?

Inani endaweni kwezilwandle - amanzi igobolondo Zomhlaba - 361 100 000 km². Kuyinto uhlelo olulodwa, esesikhundleni begazi, yawo yamakhemikhali nezici zomzimba, by ukushintsha okukodwa noma kolunye uhlangothi olwandle "bukhoma", is uchitshiyelwe futhi lalikhona.

Oceans - amanzi, ngakho zonke izici zayo ngokomzimba futhi amakhemikhali zincike izinguquko imvelo.

Izimbangela yamanzi kwegazi olwandle

Amanzi - uketshezi ngokwemvelo kuba njalo motion njalo. Nokusakazwa amanzi olwandle kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu eziningana:

1. Nokusakazwa emkhathini - umoya.
2. umhlaba emhlabeni axis awo.
3. Umthelela amandla okudonsa zenyanga futhi ilanga.

Imbangela enkulu yamanzi ukunyakaza ukuthola umoya. Kuthinta uquqaba amanzi ezilwandle kubangela ebusweni imisinga, futhi, esikhundleni salokho, uthumele isisindo ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene olwandle. Ngenxa yangaphakathi ngomshikisho zamandla ukunyakaza Translational udluliselwa izingqimba engaphansi, futhi, kakhulu, aqale ukuhambisa.

Umoya kuthinta kuphela ungqimba ebusweni amanzi - kuze kufinyelele ngamamitha 300 ebusweni. Futhi uma izingqimba engenhla ukuhambisa fast ngokwanele, bese kancane ephansi ukunyakaza futhi ancike sendawo ngezansi.

Uma sicabanga izilwandle zomhlaba wonkana, imisinga isikimu ungabona ukuthi zingabantu obishini ezimbili ezinkulu, ahlukaniswa yenkabazwe. ENyakatho Nenkabazwe uhamba amanzi clockwise e Southern - ngokumelene. Ngesikhathi eziseceleni yezwekazi zamanje zingase ukunyakaza kwabo. Futhi, ngesilinganiso ukugeleza emhlabeni ezingwini esentshonalanga mkhulu kunezinhliziyo mayelana Oriental.

Currents musa ukuthutha emgceni locondzile, futhi baphambuke indlela ethile: e Nenkabazwe - ilungelo, futhi iNingizimu - kolunye uhlangothi. Lokhu kungenxa wokugqwayiza amandla, okuyinto kuphakama ngenxa Ukujikeleza komhlaba azungeze axis awo.

Amanzi olwandle lingavuswa futhi kwehlisa. Lokhu kungenxa ukukhangana zenyanga futhi ilanga, ngoba zazo zikhona ebbs bese ugelezela. umfutho wabo kuyahlukahluka kungakapheli isikhathi esithile.

ukuzungeza Thermohaline kwezilwandle

"Halina" lihunyushwa ngokuthi "usawoti". Bebonke, izinga lokushisa kwamanzi kanye usawoti ukunquma kwabantu bayo. ukhiphela Water olwandle, ukugeleza budluliselwe kusuka amanzi afudumele ku Ezindaweni bhé polar - amanzi ashisayo ngakho exutshwe namanzi abandayo. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, ukugeleza kwamanzi abandayo idluliswe kusukela polar ukuba zindawo enkabazwe. Le nqubo kwenzeka njalo.

Thermohaline kwegazi senzeka ngesikhathi kule aphansi ungqimba notshwala ukujula. Ngenxa yalokho yale nqubo kwenzeka ezinyakazayo convective amanzi - abandayo, a amanzi esindayo yehla bese ihamba bebheke ezindaweni ezishisayo. Ngakho, imisinga ebusweni ukuhambisa kwelinye direction, nokujula - kwenye. Futhi kukhona kwegazi jikelele kwezilwandle.

imisinga thermohaline

Surface imisinga izilwandle buthelela ukushisa enkabazwe, nalapho ezihambelayo zindawo okusezingeni eliphezulu kancane kancane selehlile. Ngezinye zindawo ongaphakeme, ngenxa le ukuhwamuka kwamanzi kwandisa amandla adonsela phansi yayo eqondile, ophelelwa amandla awo ukwenyuka. Fika zindawo polar, amathonsi amanzi akhiwa imisinga ezijulile.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana imisinga ezinkulu ezifana Gulf Ukusakaza (efudumele), Brazilian (efudumele), Canary (abandayo), Labrador (abandayo), kanye nabanye. I ukuzungeza thermohaline kuyinto efanayo zonke izitayela: kokubili ukushisa nokubanda okukhulu.

theku ekusakazeni

Omunye imisinga ezinkulu efudumele planethi - Gulf Stream. It inomthelela omkhulu phezu sezulu enyakatho futhi entshonalanga Yurophu. Gulf Stream ithwala amanzi afudumele ogwini lwayo kuleli zwekazi, ngaleyo ndlela inquma sezulu kuqhathaniswa omnene eYurophu. Amanzi ke selehlile futhi yehla, nokusakaza ezijulile ithwala yona yenkabazwe.

Adume port ice-mahhala Murmansk kuyinto enjalo ngenxa Gulf Stream. Uma sicabangela wama-fifties zindawo yeNyakatho Nenkabazwe, ungabona ukuthi engxenyeni esentshonalanga (e-Canada) e-latitude inikezwe sezulu sasivumela nokhahlo, sihamba emathafeni zone e-Eastern Nenkabazwe ku-latitude efanayo sikhule amahlathi lezihlahla. Vala kahle kakhulu phezu kwezihlahla mhlawumbe ngisho ezikhulayo, ngakho isimo sezulu esifudumele lapha.

Dynamics ukugeleza kwegazi kuyahlukahluka unyaka wonke, kodwa ithonya Gulf Stream uhlale enkulu.

Umthelela on the sezulu Zomhlaba

Ezindaweni Sea Weddell futhi Norwegian livela enkabazwe zindawo amanzi usawoti okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngezinye Ezindaweni eziphakeme it is selehlile kwezinga-qhwa. Lapho kuba neqhwa, usawoti akufakwanga therein ukuze izingqimba eziyimbangela okunosawoti ngaphezulu futhi obukhulu. amanzi okunjalo kwezinkolo kubizwa ngokuthi iNorth Atlantic noma ezijulile benthic Antarctic.

Thermohaline nokusakazwa izilwandle yenzeka irherho le-closed.

Ngakho, saphetha ngokuthi maningi ukujula, aba maningi kwabantu amanzi. Ngo olwandle of njalo inhlanganiso imigqa cishe ovundlile. Amanzi ne izakhiwo ezahlukene ngokomzimba futhi amakhemikhali lula kakhulu ukuyaluza njalo inhlanganiso umugqa kuka ngokumelene nalo.

I ukuzungeza thermohaline sifundwa ngeke kumjabulise. Kuyaziwa ukuthi le nqubo kuthinta amanzi isimo izilwandle hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ngokungaqondile kuthinta sezulu somhlaba. Zonke izinhlelo emhlabeni uvaliwe, ngakho ushintsho eyodwa subunit okushintsha ezinye.