Zintathu Antony uSiya Monastery

Esikhathini North, Russia namanje walondoloza indawo, phezu okuyinto isikhathi akunamandla, lapho kuhamba kancane. Omunye wabo Itholakala Arkhangelsk esifundeni, lapho ukukhanya engaqinisekile iWhite Nights ukhuphukela esibhakabhakeni nge abalekele golden Holy Trinity Antony uSiya Monastery - ubufakazi futhi umhlanganyeli ngokwengeziwe wezenzakalo eziningi yomlando wethu. Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengamakhulu amane kwaba omunye amathempelana Orthodox oyinhloko ezweni lethu, futhi abaningi ongamtshela abhidliza izindonga zayo. Thina kuphela kudingeka sazi ukuthi singaphila kanjani ukulalela.

incenga umfana

Kuyaziwa ukuthi sixties kwekhulu xv ka Novgorod Elikhulu, bathuthela edolobhaneni Kekhta Dvina parish umndeni zenzisa lomlimi elichumayo okuthiwa Nikifor. Wayengumuntu indoda ekhuthele, ngoba nokuchuma endlini wawungahunyushwa. omunye enkingeni kuphela laphazamisa impilo ayizisebenzi - hhayi uJehova wabusisa umkakhe Agafia ukuzala. baye kanjani kwadlula iminyaka eminingi ngoba ishanelwe ezintathu pop yasemakhaya emhlabeni yesikhulumi befeza isakramente enkulu emshadweni, kodwa kwakungekho womsindo endlini yakhe amazwi zezingane.

Ngaleyo minyaka ukungabi nenzalo wayazi ikhambi elilodwa kuphela - kwaba owesifazane engajabule esontweni, bawa phansi phambi Icons amnyama nazo nangezinyembezi futhi ngangiqala wancenga 'indlovukazi yamazulu' ukuthumela phansi ingane yakhe okwase kuyisikhathi eside elindelwe. Mina hhayi kanye kuvakashelwe olungcwele oluya kanye Agatha. Clal prostrations wafaka amane-ganda amakhandlela - okuhle penny esikhwameni somyeni wakhe asihumushwanga. Futhi wancenga ukuba athole injabulo efana - ke umama ebusisekile indodana kaNkulunkulu, ngaleso ubhapathizo engcwele okwakuthiwa u-Andrew.

umshado okufutshane

Sekuyisikhathi eside nasemkhakheni kubantu Ulapha, yancenga uNkulunkulu, izingane zigcwele isizathu nobuhle. Lo mfana Andrew waziqonda wesikhombisa idiploma futhi bafunda esifunda umpristi amakhono imifanekiso. Ngakho lapho ekhula, abakhonza ethempelini likaNkulunkulu futhi ukusiza abazali ukugcina izwe labo elikhulu, ingakafiki iNkosi wababiza.

Andrew wayesenze amaphutha, akhula futhi kwaba yiminyaka engamatshumi amabili lanhlanu lapho eyithola ukuze kuzuze kokushiya endlini kayise bese uya Novgorod, lapho bephuma kanye nabazali bakhe oshonile. Iphuzu lapho itholakele ngokushesha - insizwa enamandla futhi ihlanganise wathatha ngayo enkonzweni yakhe uJehova zendawo phambi wanamathela emphefumulweni wakhe, ukuthi ngomnyaka wesihlanu wamnika indvodzakati yakhe. Kodwa uqaphele, kwakungelula ku intando kaNkulunkulu - wafa ngemva konyaka inkosikazi yokuqala abasha, futhi yena noyise.

Novopostrizhennik Antony

Bury eduze izidumbu zazo kuye lokudabula, njengenhlalayenza, ngacabanga ngakho futhi Andrei waziqonda ngenxa, ukuthi akuyona isiphetho kuye ukuphila emhlabeni, kuhlanganise nesono nezilingo, futhi kufanele abazinikezela kuNkulunkulu, ovalelwe omunye izindlu zabangcwele, ubusawoti umhlaba Russian njengoba mningi. Wathandaza, wabonga at kakhulu umpristi wamgcoba unyaka owedlule nendodakazi Boyar, zonke washiya Novgorod, kodwa izinyathelo zakhe iqondiswe hhayi Dvina kukuliphi lapho namanje emi endlini ezingenalutho kayise, futhi esigodlweni sezindela ongcwele, eyakhelwe emfuleni Ken, eduze nedolobha Kargopol.

Lapha, ezindongeni i sezindela sasendulo waqala Andrei ekhuphuka kuya okhakhayini ubungcwele, agundwe indela okuthiwa Anthony. Ngonyaka wachitha ethuneni lapho imibhalo Izigodlo - oqoshiwe Pines lasendulo, uproots iziphunzi, ukusula isikhala ingadi yemifino, khona-ke nabo futhi wasebenza kanzima ukuze ondle ukudla ngenxa yabazalwane.

Kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke kwakuthandeka enhliziyweni yakhe ukuba banakekele abagulayo nabahluphekayo, elingafunwa yokukhosela wamiswa sezindela. Anthony wachitha ubusuku bonke ethandaza ukuze kusindiswe imiphefumulo zonke amaKristu obu-Orthodox. Ngokushesha, ongokomoya, St Pachomius Kesko sezizonke kuye ebupristini, bese wabusisa sokubeletha of kude, okuyinto Sekuyisikhathi eside ukukhuluma kuye Anthony.

Endleleni eya endaweni engcwele

Anthony kwesokunxele ezindongeni sezindela owakhiwe hhayi oyedwa, amaqabane ezimbili, njengoba nje enza, ukufuna umthandazo ukubaleka. Asikhuleke, bahlakazeka e esingangeneki ihlathi emahlozini, wasondela emdulini sezindela. Okokuqala ngoba pustynnozhitelstva yakhe izindela wakhetha indawo ethulile ngebhange Emtsa, bagawule cell ngokwayo, ngisho wakha ibandla elincane lokhuni behlonipha St Nicholas. Kodwa podgadil kubo isitha kanye ukuphila kohlanga lwesintu - yena waba munyu ngokumelene nabo izinhliziyo bendawo abaye yanquma ukuthi izindela ufuna ukuthatha ulidle izwe lazo. Izindela kwadingeka ashiye indawo Vending futhi uqhubeke ezulazula wilds yezithulu. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngesikhathi inombolo yabo kwenezelwa ngaphezu unkom 'idlayodwa-abakhulekeli ezintathu.

Kodwa mina angizange ngiyishiye bo Lord wathumela sisendleleni umdobi okuthiwa uSamuel. Nguye aphakanyisiwe ayezulazula beka eLake Mikhailova, lapho kungekho muntu owake waphila, kodwa kusukela kudala yeswa ukukhala we izinsimbi ukucula ayizingelosi ngakho. Futhi kwaba kuye budebuduze - ibanga lezinsuku ezintathu kuphela, ngezindinganiso Russian - close kakhulu.

Inganekwane yasendulo uthi weza endaweni, kaSamuweli waziqonda izindela ezinhliziyweni zabo, ukuthi ungcwele, khona wahlala, okuyinto esizosinda ekhulwini. Futhi wagqoka engenabantu inhlonhlo ihlathi echibini Mikhailovsky engu- sizophelelwa yisikhathi ilanga zikaphayini fresh resin, kanjalo elisho indawo yezindela esizayo.

Izinyathelo zokuqala nzima

Igama sezindela Ngokuzayo uzothola kusuka Sia umfula owawuphuma e Lake St Michael, futhi isiphi esikhulu owumthelela kwesokudla Dvina. Ingabe-ke, njengoba echibini amumethe inhlanzi, futhi ihlathi ehlathini emhlabeni - isilo, kodwa akwanele ukuphila, futhi kwadingeka ukuba ukugawula imithi futhi ephule phansi. Futhi lokho alime? Amahhashi ungapheli. Lokho usetshenziswe abantu bakaNkulunkulu ngesikhathi egejeni okuzenzela, overwrought, futhi ehlela phezu emiseleni fresh.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi Antony uSiya Monastery ngakhuliselwa zona kanye izimo ezinzima. Kwakuba nezikhathi ngisho nalapho izindela ngiyingcuba, usezolishiya endaweni entsha, futhi lelo zwi kuphela kodwa umthandazo umeluleki sabo esingokomoya, 'u-Anthony wasiza ukunqoba lo ngobugwala ubuthakathaka besikhashana. Kodwa ngosizo lukaNkulunkulu, bona ekugcineni zijwayeza nikela futhi lakha ibandla lokuqala wokhuni igama zintathu Ongcwele. fa Its main kwaba isithonjana zintathu Ongcwele, eyabhalwa Anthony, kusukela zisencane abaye benza kahle kakhulu iconography.

Phakathi namakhulu eminyaka amaningi zintathu Antony uSiya Monastery wayedume ezweni lonke lo shrine. Ngemithandazo zezihambeli ezazivela phambi endaweni yakhe sokuphulukiswa izimangaliso. Ekugcineni uyaqiniseka zonke indlela esibusiswe, mhla esontweni yashaywa umbani, futhi ngemva umlilo wabhubhisa yonke ingaphakathi isakhiwo, kusukela inqwaba umlotha isithonjana ekhishwe, isetshenzwe ngokuphelele ngomlilo.

idiploma kwesikhulu

Isimo olusemthethweni Holy Trinity Antony uSiya Monastery ubekade 1552, lapho wesigodlo, lo saint esizayo St Anthony, wathumela eMoscow Grand Prince Vasily III izindela ezimbili sicelosikhalo ukusungulwa abode. umbusi abangcwele wawamukela esicelweni sabo, waziyekela ukukhononda nje kuphela ngale ncwadi, kodwa futhi izipho uma niyiphuza, njengesikhumbuzo ethanda umphefumulo wakhe.

ekupheleni Ubusisiwe, nokunxusa

St Anthony waphila ayisikhombisa nesishiyagalolunye, bengamashumi amathathu nesikhombisa zalezi zinsizwa zavalelwa esigodlweni sezindela wasungula, kusale ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela ukuze kude iDemo okubangelwa isidingo umthandazo ukubaleka. Lapho ebuzwa ukuthi ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, lapho ayethanda ukuyisa bangcwatshwe, le atehlukanisa bejeziswa khona (ukubona ukuthi kunjalo!) Ukuze afeze umzimba wakhe ehlathini futhi ushiye izilwane zasendle nezinyoni, ukuthi kuleli dili emngcwabeni futhi ngizikhumbulile ke phambi kukaNkulunkulu. lacrimal salawo umzalwane kuphela okwamqinisekisa ukulahla isinqumo sakhe.

Wamuka eNkosini ngo-December 20, 1556, phakathi nokubusa yombusi u-Ivan IV the Kubi, futhi u-Antony uSiya Monastery baqhubeka nokuphila kwakhe ngaphansi li entsha - umdala uCyril, wathi Antony e intando yakhe. Yena ngokwakhe ngoba impilo enhle futhi imisebenzi eminingi yamandla 1579 waba abagcotshwa.

Holy Trinity Cathedral

Inkumbulo yakhe lugujwa iSonto Lobu-Orthodox ngo-December 20, futhi kulolu suku Antony uSiya Monastery, isithombe ongawabona kulesi sihloko, egcwele amakhulu pilgrim ivela ezweni lonke ukuhlonipha inkumbulo yakhe futhi bakhulekele izinsalela ongcwele, uhlezi manje ngaphansi kwesitsha zintathu Cathedral, esakhiwe ngemuva kokufa saint.

Bhukhmaka leli isonto emihlanu oluyingungu senziwe 1589 by loMhlabathi kwemvume ke ebusa eNgophezukonke Fodora Ioannovicha (indodana Ivana Groznogo). Ngo ngokufunda kwakhe nekubhala, ithunyelwa Isigodlo, wamyala bona bakhele phezu kwelwazi imodeli Wovuko Cathedral eMoscow Novodevichy Sezindela ngisho ukusiza abakhi wayethumele ziyinkosi abanolwazi Zahara. Zonke umsebenzi owawenziwa yilesi Vologda ithimba nabakhi, laqedwa ngo-1606, futhi ibandla ngayingcwelisa ngokushesha.

Okukhulu kakhulu - yobufakazi umlando

Emakhulwini eminyaka XVI-XVII Antony uSiya Monastery uthatha indawo omunye izikhungo ehola obungokomoya balabo North yeRussia, futhi ingeye-isikhundla esibalulekile emlandweni waso. Kuyaziwa ukuthi lezi zindonga wakhonza ireferensi oneminyaka emihlanu ahlaza boyar Fedor Nikitich Romanov - uyise inkosi yangesikhathi esizayo, umsunguli we Romanov lwamakhosi - Mikhail Fedorovich. Kulapha ngomyalo wabaholi ke ebusa Boyar Boris Godunov wathatha izifungo Izigodlo enegama Filaret.

Eminyakeni ethile kamuva, lapho ebuya ekuthunjweni Polish, iyoba Umbhishobhi omkhulu eMoscow All Russia. Ungakhohlwa-ke Filaret wesigodlo nozwela uJona, ngizama ukuthi angase amsize, futhi enyukela esihlalweni sobunzalamizi, siyabonga ukuba izipho eziningi. Okukhulu kakhulu izindonga ukhumbule futhi Mihaila basebancane Lomonosova, wayeka lapha belibangise eMoscow.

abashisekeli yobuKhosi Isigodlo

Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala emlandweni wawo Antony uSiya Monastery wajabulela indawo efanayo ababusi ophakeme waseRussia. Qala ukubeka Grand Prince Vasily III, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, wathumela kanye Charter ukuze izipho zabo. Umelekeleli Ophayo indodana yakhe u-Ivan Grozny, kodwa kuyiqiniso, ngendlela ehlukile. Wakunikela esigodlweni sezindela uhlu olude walibulala boyars wamfaka i-ruble ayizigidi likhunjulwa ngokubeka imiphefumulo yawo - lokhu kwaba ngempela lelitimele okhathalelayo.

Enyukela ngemva wahlala esihlalweni sakhe sobukhosi senkosi Fedor hhayi kuphela ngokwezimali ukwakhiwa kwalesi Holy Trinity Cathedral, kodwa futhi wamnika insimbi stasemidesyatipudovy. Hhayi ncishana Boris Godunov, anikezwe lezindela ruble engamakhulu ayisihlanu, abaningi esibathandayo izinto ebandleni. Zonke abanikeli abazalwane ngenkuthalo ayekhumbula ku imithandazo futhi wakwenza ukurekhoda ekhethekile "incwadi Stern."

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, Holy Trinity Antony uSiya Monastery wangena ongamandla hhayi kuphela wajabulela esivulekile ebusa abasebukhosini, kodwa ngokuphindaphindiwe wabanika ngezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-emperor Mikhail Fedorovich izindleko nempi Sweden ehlanganiswa kusukela imali eningi enikelwa yakhe yengcebo lezindela, noyise - U-Alexis, thatha loans for rearmament.

ama-pilgrim ezihlalweni zobukhosi bethwele nemiqhele

Kufeza indima ebalulekile, futhi uhambo Antony uSiya Monastery ebusa benzuzo. autocrats Russian Usuvakashele ngokuphindaphindiwe izindonga lasendulo, kube yisikhumbuzo wawoyise. Ngokwesibonelo, ehlobo lika-1819, base idunyiswe ukuvakasha uMbusi u-Alexander I, futhi 1856 - umshana wakhe u-Alexander II. izivakashi njalo babe Grand Dukes. Ukuze athole lo tivakashi letihloniphekile kwakukhona ngisho isiko ekhethekile.

Ngokuvamile, mnumzane, eza ngaphambi ukuthutha, wasondela ngezinyawo emasangweni ongcwele, futhi lapho wahlangana wesigodlo, bazalwane, wabusisa isithonjana iSt Anthony, okuyinto ngokushesha wathola isipho. Lokhu kwalandelwa isevisi onesizotha umthandazo Holy Trinity Cathedral kanye kwasemini ngesikhathi ekamu wesigodlo sika. Akubuzwa ukuthi ukuvakashelwa okunjalo nomthelela ukufika esigodlweni sezindela inombolo enkulu pilgrim abavamile, ngesandla esivulekile ubuyise igadle kwezwakala nasezimalini yayo.

Inkathi yokuchuma Isigodlo

Kukholakala ukuthi sokuthuthwa kwempahla Isigodlo weza ngekhulu XVII. Kuyo wahlala ke mayelana izindela ezingamakhulu amabili, namandla izakhiwo eziyisithupha thempeli lakhiwa, futhi izinto eziphawuleka kakhulu zalezi kwaba ithempeli Annunciation. On umhlobiso umsebenzi esigodlweni sezindela abadwebi odumile we kwesikhathi, njenge Fyodor Zubov futhi Vasily Kondakov. I vaults ka wezindela ezikhumbuzo eziningi ezivelele isiko Russian zathathwa.

Izici Holy Trinity Antony uSiya Monastery, ezifana eqoqwe kuwo iqoqo eliyingqayizivele zakudala, okwakhe yezakhiwo, ukuzinikela, ubuzalwane futhi ubuhle bemvelo ezizungezile yasenyakatho, umnikeza endaweni egqamile phakathi kwezinye zezindela ongcwele yeRussia.

Endleleni sizi

Ngemva Okthoba Yenguquko Antony uSiya Monastery wabelane ngokugcwele isiphetho iningi zezindela Russian. Ngo-1923 savalwa, ingxenye yempahla wathunyelwa izikhungo zombuso, kanye nabo bonke abanye nje baphanga. Ezindaweni lapho izindela nisaphila futhi izinkonzo zenkolo, benza koloni ngoba delinquents engamahlongandlebe. High sezindela izindonga - musa abaleke. Eminyakeni elandelayo, lapho babekwa, kanye nezinye izikhungo ayengenabo maqondana nenkolo.

sezindela Restored

Kuphela leholele yokwakha kabusha, uhulumeni ushintshe inqubomgomo inkolo, Isigodlo waphindiselwa isonto. Kodwa ukudluliswa esisemthethweni komhlaba kanye izakhiwo ayesezibhebheni akusho nokuzalwa kabusha yayo njengendlela isikhungo ezingokomoya. Antony uSiya Monastery, ogama izithombe ukunikeza umbono mayelana ukwehluka futhi ngokucacile of izakhiwo ezikule insimu yalo, bedinga sokubuyiselwa sina, okuyinto edingekayo utshalomali abalulekile. A indima enkulu ekuxazululeni lezi zinkinga kudlalwa yakhe owayeyinxusa Archimandrite Trifon (Plotnikov), ngubani wakwazi ukuthola izinsiza ezidingekayo futhi ziqasha ongoti abaqeqeshiwe.

Namuhla u-Antony uSiya Monastery (Arkhangelsk region) kuya savuka ngokugcwele enkazimulweni yayo yangaphambili. Waphinde waba yindawo lapho izinkulungwane zabantu baseRussia abafuna ningathinti umlando eziphilayo njengezitha zezwe lokhokho. Lokhu kuwubufakazi bokuthi obungenakuphikwa matasa isheduli pilgrimage inkonzo sezindela ifakwe kuwebhusayithi yayo.

Umbuzo esivamile ephakama kulabo abafisa uvakashele Antony uSiya Monastery: "Indlela uthole kule Isigodlo, isenkabeni ye North-Russian?". Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungathatha inombolo ibhasi 503 kokushiya kusukela Arkhangelsk ukuba Emetsk noma enye inombolo ibhasi 511, 505 kanye 520. Lowo onezindlebe lwezokuthutha siqu ungathola kuwo inombolo ithrekhi 8 Arkhangelsk - eMoscow. 151 km azobe kwesokunene nezinhlanu pointer okuhambisanayo.

metochion

Ngo-2000, wakhe Yobungcwele Alexy II wabusisa ukuvulwa Petersburg emigwaqweni Olgi Forsh sezindela Holy Trinity Isigodlo Antony uSiya. It yadalwa futhi manje ingxenye enkulu izikhonzi ukuba ezithembekile ezihlala kule ndawo, kanye nenani izinkulisa. Isigodlo efanayo siqiniswe nezinye izingxenye zezwe.