Kungani capacitors? capacitor uxhumano

capacitor Electric - umshini ingagcina icala kagesi emkhakheni amandla. Ngokuyisisekelo siqukethe pair of babashayeli (electrode) ahlukaniswe ungqimba Kwe-dielectric Heating. I ukushuba we Kwe-dielectric Heating uhlale mancane kakhulu kunalawo usayizi amapuleti. Esikhathini kagesi okulingana izifunda capacitor ezikhonjiswe 2 izingxenye mpo okuhambisanayo (II).

ipharamitha Eyisisekelo iyunithi

Kukhona ezinye lwezindinganiso eziyisisekelo ukuchaza capacitor. Omunye wabo - lena umthamo bayo (Latin incwadi C), kanti eyesibili - yokusebenza voltage (Latin U). capacitance kagesi (noma esitsheni) ohlelweni SI ulinganiswa farads (F). Futhi njengoba umthamo iyunithi 1 Farad - okuningi - cishe hhayi ekusebenzeni. Ngokwesibonelo, icala zikagesi planethi Earth microfarads 710 kuphela. Ngakho-ke, i- capacitance kagesi capacitors ezimweni eziningi ukalwe amagama ahlobene of Farad amagugu: e picofarads (PF) ngesikhathi lwenani elincane kakhulu capacitance (1pF = 1 / Juni ¹⁰ UF) e microfarads (UF) okwesikhathi ngokwanele ezinkulu inani layo (1 F = 1 / Juni ¹⁰ F). Ukuze abale capacitance kagesi, kubalulekile ukuba bahlukanise inani ophethe zanqwabelana phakathi electrode, umehluko angaba namandla okwamanje phakathi module (capacitor voltage). Ophathwa capacitor kuleli cala - icala oluhlala omunye amapuleti zedivayisi embuzweni. Ukuze 2 babashayeli idivayisi bona Bayefana ezidlula kodwa kuhluke uphawu, ngakho-sum yabo ihlale ilingane no-zero. Ophathwa capacitor ulinganiswa coulombs (Cl), futhi ebekwe Q. incwadi

Voltage ku lisebenze

Omunye nemingcele ebaluleke kakhulu kubhekwa yithi kuyinto voltage kudivayisi ukuwohloka - bezikhali umehluko abakuzuzile ezimbili babashayeli we capacitor, okuholela ukuwohloka kagesi ungqimba Kwe-dielectric Heating. Voltage esiphezulu lapho idivayisi ukuwohloka kwenzeka, kunqunywa ukuma babashayeli, izakhiwo Kwe-dielectric Heating futhi Uhlonze lwalo. izimo zokusebenza voltage ubeke amapuleti eduze ukubhidlika lisebenze, abavunyelwe ngaphansi kwazo. Indlela evamile yokusebenza voltage we capacitor ingaphansi ukuwohloka izikhathi eziningana (izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu). Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha kufanele sinake voltage owalinganisile umthamo. Ezimweni eziningi, lezi zimiso wabonisa kudivayisi noma iphasiphothi. Ukuvula capacitor inethiwekhi voltage kokweqa ukalwe okusongelayo kwehlukaniswa kwako, kanye ukuphambuka kusuka ukubaluleka ngokulinganisa of capacitance kungaholela ukukhululwa kwe-Harmonics inethiwekhi, okweqile zedivayisi.

ukubukeka capacitors

capacitor design kungaba ezihlukahlukene kakhulu. It kuncike kagesi umthamo idivayisi nenjongo yawo. Esikhathini kudivayisi kubhekwe nemingcele akufanele bathonywe izinto zangaphandle, ngakho electrode abe ukuma lapho emkhakheni kagesi eyenziwe amacala kagesi bagxila igebe encane phakathi babashayeli capacitor. Ngakho-ke, kungaba kuqukathe sphere ezimbili eyindilinga eyenziwe plate amabili flat noma amasilinda ezimbili coaxial. Ngenxa yalokho, i-capacitors kungaba cylindrical, eyindilinga futhi flat kuye ukuma babashayeli.

capacitors njalo

Ngu uhlobo izinguquko elektroomkosti capacitors zihlukaniswe amadivayisi nge njalo noma variable capacitance trimmers. Ake sihlole isinyathelo ngasinye zalezi zinhlobo ngokuningiliziwe. Amadivayisi kabani umthamo ayishintshi ngesikhathi ukusebenza, okungukuthi, kuba njalo (capacitance ukubaluleka usengakwazi buhluka imikhawulo kuye ngokuthi lokushisa), - a capacitors njalo. Kukhona futhi izinto zikagesi, ukushintsha umthamo wayo kagesi enqubeni, bebizwa eziguquguqukayo.

Yini enquma capacitor C

capacitance agesi incike ndawo ubuso umqhubi yayo futhi ibanga elibahlukanisile. Kunezindlela eziningana ukuze ushintshe lezi zilungiselelo. Cabanga capacitor, esakhiwa ezimbili izinhlobo amapuleti: mobile futhi elungisiwe. I ipuleti ezithathekayo ihamba ngokuhlobene esinqunyiwe, kanjalo ekushintsheni capacitance kagesi capacitor. Eziguquguqukayo analogue asetshenziselwa izilungiselelo kumadivayisi analog. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthamo kungashintshwa ngesikhatsi kokuhlinzwa. Kusilungisi capacitors anesizotha esetshenziselwa ifektri kulungiselelwa apharathasi, isibonelo i-ukukha phama ukungakwazi empirically ukubala.

I capacitor yesifunda

idivayisi Uma ebhekwa ngomqondo DC wesifunda uqhuba zamanje kuphela uma ukufakwa yayo inethiwekhi (Kanjalo kukhona icala noma ashona kudivayisi ukuze voltage umthombo). Uma capacitor usushajeke, wamanje ngokusebenzisa akusiyo. Lapho idivayisi wesifunda kushintshana zamanje izinqubo ukushaja nokudisishaja enye yayo nomunye. Phakathi alternation yabo kwesikhathi oscillation we isicelo voltage sinusoidal.

izici capacitors

I capacitor ngokuvumelana isimo electrolyte kanye impahla zazo yakhiwa, kungaba ezomile, uketshezi, i-nitrous Semiconductor, i-nitrous metal. condensers Liquid-selehlile kahle, lezi amadivaysi ongasebenza ngaphansi imithwalo eliphezulu futhi ube onjalo impahla ezibalulekile self-linokuphulukisa sokuphuka Kwe-dielectric Heating. Ngokucabangela amadivayisi kagesi, uhlobo ezomile design kunalokho elula, mncane voltage iconsi futhi ukuvuza zamanje. Okwamanje kuba amadivayisi ezomile athandwa kakhulu. Inzuzo enkulu capacitors electrolytic ezinamanani aphansi ongaphakeme, usayizi icwecwe futhi ezinkulu umthamo kagesi. Oxide okulingana - polar (uxhumano ayilungile kuholela ukuwohloka).

Indlela ukuxhuma

Ukuxhumanisa capacitor besifunda lwamanje njalo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: omuhle (anode) umthombo zamanje exhunywe kwi-electrode embozwe i ifilimu oxide. Endabeni sokungalandeli umthetho kokwabiwa Kwe-dielectric Heating kungenzeka. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu capacitors ketshezi Kumele uxhumeke ku uchungechunge nge AC umthombo, axhunyiwe ngo uchungechunge izigaba ezimbili ezifanayo. Noma ukubangela ungqimba oxide kuwo womabili electrode. Ngakho, izinto ezisebenzisa non-polar ezisebenza amanethiwekhi kokubili njalo futhi lwamanje sinusoidal. Kodwa ngalolo futhi kwezinye izimo, amandla okuholela kuba nengxenye. Unipolar capacitors kagesi abe babebaningi kakhulu, kodwa kungenzeka zifakwe esifundeni nge zamanje kushintshana.

Isicelo eyinhloko capacitors

Igama elithi "capacitor" ungezwakala kusukela abasebenzi amabhizinisi ahlukahlukene zezimboni kanye nomklamo nezikhungo. Njengoba asebenzelana ngayo Umgomo we operation, izici futhi izinqubo zemvelo, thola ukuthi kungani sidinga capacitors, isibonelo, amasistimu ugesi? Lezi izinhlelo ibhethri kabanzi ukwakhiwa kanye kabusha izitshalo zezimboni ngoba amandla isici ukulungiswa PFC (inethiwekhi ngokumelene osenyameni engadingeki notshwala yayo) ukuthi kunganciphisa izindleko energy, londoloza kwimikhiqizo cabling futhi ukuletha ugesi kumthengi nqampuna umhlabeleli. Kukhethwa elikhulu ugesi kanye iphuzu indlela uxhumano kwamandla esisheshayo (Q) e amanethiwekhi kagesi amandla izinhlelo (EPS) has nomthelela kwi izinkomba kwezomnotho kanye lobuchwepheshe EPS msebenzi. Zimbili izinhlobo PFC: transverse kanye longitudinal. Lapho transverse isinxephezelo capacitor yasebhange exhunywe parallel ngesikhathi ibhasi substation zibizwa ngokuthi umthwalo shunt (SHBK). Lapho longitudinal isinxephezelo ibhethri zihlanganisa izintambo zikagesi kanye crosscuts ngokuthi CCP (uchungechunge kudivayisi isinxephezelo). Amabhethri aqukethe amadivayisi ahlukene okungenzeka azahlanganiswa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene: yokuxhuma capacitor ochungechungeni noma ngokulinganisa. Lapho inani lamadivayisi uchungechunge axhunywe kwandisa ukungezwani. CCP basetshenziswe qondanisa izigaba imithwalo, ukuthuthukisa umkhiqizo kanye nekghono kanye nsimbi-ezishisayo arc amaziko (lapho CPC ngokusebenzisa transformers ekhethekile).

Esikhathini izifunda okulingana kwamandla imigqa nge voltages ephakeme kunaleyo 110 kV capacitance emhlabathini luchazwa ngokuthi capacitors. EP umugqa ngenxa umthamo kagesi phakathi babashayeli izigaba ezahlukene kanye capacitance ezakhiwe umqhubi isigaba kanye emhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, ukubala izindlela inethiwekhi wokusebenza, ukudluliswa umugqa imingcele, iphutha indawo amapayipi capacitor izakhiwo ezisetshenziswa.

Enye yezindawo isicelo

Futhi, elithi ungezwakala kusukela abasebenzi nojantshi. Kungani capacitors kubo? On amakhanda kanye namadivayisi idatha kagesi asetshenziselwa ukunciphisa arcing kagesi contact amasethi, ahlelembe le onesigqi DC okukhiphayo kusukela rectifiers uhlanganise choppers, futhi sokuzala isizukulwane we lesinesitfombe-sibuko voltage sinusoidal wasebenzisa amandla motors kagesi.

Nokho, leli gama ngokuvamile kungenzeka ukuzwa emlonyeni radio amateur. Kungani capacitors kuye? Umsakazo ngokusebenzisa kwawo ukwenza imvamisa high amagagasi kagesi, bayingxenye we bushelelezi izihlungi, amandla kagesi, yokukhulisa umsindo, futhi PCB.

Egumbini igilavu zonke womculo imoto ungathola ambalwa lezi zikagesi. Kungani sidinga capacitors emotweni? Nalapho futhi isetshenziswa yokukhulisa izwi apharathasi acoustic systems umsindo wekhwalithi ephezulu ukukhiqizwa kabusha.