Kungani amaphaphu ahlukumeza futhi kanjani? Amaphaphu amancane lapho evuselela: izimbangela, ukuxilongwa nokuphathwa

Ngokwezibalo, cishe amaphesenti angama-90 abantu abhekene nobuhlungu emuva. Lokhu kusebenza kubantu asebekhulile nasebancane. Ngokuvamile imbangela yalokhu ubuhlungu emaphashini. Kungenzeka ngenxa yezifo ezithile noma ukulimala emthonjeni we-thoracic noma emisipha ehlobene nayo. Isizathu esiqondile singathathwa kuphela udokotela.

Ake sikhulume ukuthi amaphaphu ahlukunyezwa kanjani nalesi sifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizohlala ezinye izindlela zokwelapha nokuvimbela.

Ingabe amaphaphu angalimaza futhi ahlukume kangakanani?

Kuqala ngeqiniso lokuthi amaphaphu angalimaza ngempela. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abanakho ukuphela kwezinzwa. Isizathu sezinzwa ezingathandeki singafihlelwa ngezinqubo zokuvuvukala ku-pleura, izicubu zomzimba, isithofu kanye nezinye izitho. Ngisho nokubukeka okuncane kungabonisa ukuqala kwesifo. Ngokuvamile, amaphaphu athola ubuhlungu lapho evula, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi asebenza ngangokunokwenzeka.

Uma le nkinga ivela, kufanele ngokushesha uthintane nodokotela ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile nokwelapha. Isimo sína kakhulu, futhi ezimweni eziningi, ukungenelela kwezokwelapha kuyadingeka, ngaphandle kwalokho amathuba okuthola kabusha ayobe esincane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuzivocavoca akukwazi nje ukwenza okuhle, kodwa nokulimaza impilo yakho unomphela.

Ngakho kungani ubuhlungu amaphaphu? Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe ezinye zezifo ezivame kakhulu.

Izimbangela ezingekho eziyingozi zobuhlungu emaphashini

Naphezu kokuthi kunezifo eziningi eziyingozi, kunezimo lapho ukwelashwa okukhethekile kungadingeki nhlobo. Uma amaphaphu ephutha ngokuphuza, khona-ke isizathu singase sibe okukhethwa kukho okulandelayo:

• Ubukhona be- intercostal neuralgia. Ubuhlungu bubucayi, futhi ungawuqhathanisa nokuqothula inaliti.
• Ukwanda okusheshayo kumthamo wamaphaphu. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka kwenzeka ebusheni.
• Ukuxoshwa. Lokhu kubonakala kubantu abasebenza ngenkuthalo futhi behilelekile ezemidlalo, ngoba emva kwakhe wonke amaqembu omzimba, kuhlanganise namaphaphu, angagula.

Uma kungekho izimpawu ezingathí sina zesifo ekwelapheni akudingeki. Kwanele nje ukuba ube nokuphumula okuhle, iya ku-massage noma ekugeza.

Izimbangela ezinobungozi zobuhlungu emaphashini

Ngombuzo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amaphaphu angalimaza noma agula; sigula, siwaqonde. Kusele ukuthi uthole ukuthi iziphi izifo ezibi kakhulu okwenzekayo. Kumele kuthiwa ngokushesha ukuthi uma uthola ukuxilongwa, kubalulekile ukucabangela ubuhlungu bamapayipi (ubuhlungu obukhulu noma obuhlungu, ngesikhathi sokuphefumulelwa noma sonke isikhathi nokunye), kanye nokuba khona kwamanye izimpawu ezengeziwe.

Izifo ezivame kakhulu ezihambisana nobuhlungu emaphashini:

• Pleurisy eyomile;
• Ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu;
• Umkhuhlane;
• Isifo sofuba;
• I-rheumatism yamaphaphu;
• I-Cancer;
• I-infarction ye-myocardial;
• I-pericarditis eyomile.

Masihlale eminye imininingwane ngezimpawu nezindlela zokwelapha ngamunye wabo.

I-pleurisy eyomile

I-pleurisy eyomile ivame ukuba yinto yesibili emvelo futhi ingenzeka ngokufana ne-pneumonia, i- lung infarction, i- bronchiectasis, i-abscess yamaphaphu, umdlavuza nokunye okunjalo. Lesi sifo sibonakala ukuvuvukala kwe-pleura (i-parietal ne-visceral), kanye nokuthunyelwa kwe-fibrin ngaphezulu.

Ukunquma ukuqala kwe-pleurisy eyomile kunzima kakhulu, ngoba ezimweni zokuqala azikho izimpawu ezikhethekile. Kodwa emva kwesikhashana kukhona ukuthuthukiswa okunzima kwesifo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunezinhlungu emaphashini ngesikhathi sokuphefumulelwa, ukukhwehlela, ukugcoba, kanye nokucindezela endaweni ethintekile. Nge-pleurisy eyomile, izinzwa ezibuhlungu zingabonwa emgodini, esiswini nasehlombe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo sihambisana nokukhwehlela owomile, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-tachycardia, ukwanda kokushisa komzimba kuya ku-39 degrees kanye nesifo somkhuhlane.

Ukwelashwa kwe-pleurisy eyomile kubandakanya ngokuyinhloko ukuqeda imbangela yezifo zalesi sifo. Kungenzeka futhi ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antitussive. Ngesikhathi esiyinkimbinkimbi sesi sifo kuyadingeka ukugcina ukuphumula kombhede futhi usebenzise ukushisa okuhlukahlukene, amathini, amastadi lwesinaphi.

Ukuvuvukala kwamapayipi (i-pneumonia)

Iziguli zingasho ukuthi zinephunga elilungile, ezisele noma zombili. Ngenxa yalokho, isiphetho senziwe mayelana ne -pneumonia eyodwa-noma emaceleni amabili. Futhi, kuncike lapho amaphaphu alimaza khona, unganquma indawo esenzelwe izinqubo zokuvuvukala.

Lesi sifo kuvame ukuhambisana nokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kuya ku-39.5 degrees, ukukhwehlela okuqinile, ukukhwehlela . Iziguli zikhononda ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuphefumula okujulile zinemizwa emaphashini. Ukungajabuli ngokuvamile kuzwa ngaphakathi kwendawo ethintekile.

Kungani belimaza amaphaphu nge-pneumonia? Impendulo icacile: ngenxa yobuningi bezinqubo zokuvuvukala ezicukwaneni.

Kunezimo lapho kungekho khona izimpawu zesifo. Kulokhu, i-pneumonia ithola ukuthi iphuzile kakhulu, futhi lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ngenxa yokuntula ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi. Ukwelashwa kokuvuvukala kwamapayipi kuhilela ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezisuselwa ku-penicillin ("Flemoxin", "Ampicillin", njll), kanye nemithi elwa namagciwane okwesibini nesizukulwane sesithathu. Kwezinye izimo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-antiviral noma i-antifungal agents kungenzeka.

Umkhuhlane

Isifo esithathelwanayo njengemfuluwenza singabangela ukungathandeki nobuhlungu emaphashini. Lesi sifo siqala ngokushesha kakhulu futhi sibukhali. Umkhuhlane uhambisana nomkhuhlane wama-38-40 degrees, ukubonakala kwekhanda, ukuvinjelwa kwesisu, ukuphazamiseka, ukuzwa ubuthakathaka obuqinile nobuthakathaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ubuhlungu ema-eyesballs, okuthuthukiswa ngokuphawulekayo phakathi nokunyakaza kwamehlo, kanye nokuhlambalaza kanye ne-photophobia. Ngokuvamile kukhona ukubonakaliswa kokudakwa komzimba kanye ne-catarrhal syndrome. Ukukhwehlela okunomsoco ngezinhlobo ezifingqiwe nezimbi kakhulu zomkhuhlane kungabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba esiqala e-trachea futhi basakaze emaphashini.

Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kuhilela izinkomba eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa: ukuqinisa ukuzivikela, ukuxosha umzimba, ukwandisa imisebenzi yayo yokuvikela nokulwa negciwane ngokwayo. Isidakamizwa esithi "Antigrippin" saziwa kabanzi, esisiza ukuqeda ikhanda, ukunciphisa izimpawu ze-toxicosis nokuyeka ukusakazeka kwezinqubo zokuvutha.

Uma uhlobo oluphansi lomkhuhlane lungelashwa ekhaya, bese luhlobo olunzima lokuhlala okudingekayo esibhedlela. Ukuqondiswa kwezokwelapha njalo kuyosiza ukugwema zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhambisana nokuphumula kombhede nokudla okuningi kokuphuza ngamavithamini (amaji wezithelo, amaqabunga ama rose, ama-teas, ama-compotes).

Isifo sofuba

Lesi sifo sibangelwa yi-tubercle bacilli. Abantu abane-immunity encishisiwe bahlaselwe kakhulu.

Izimpawu zesifo sofuba zingase zihluke ngokuya ngesilinganiso sobukhulu besifo. Kunoma yiziphi izimo kukhona ukwehla okuphawulekayo kokudla, ukukhathala okusheshayo nomzwelo obuthakathaka, ukukhukhuma nokukhukhuka. Ukushisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwesifo sofuba kungabi ngaphezu kuka-38 degrees, futhi isici esiyinhloko ukuthi akudluli isikhathi eside kakhulu.

Enye iphuzu elibalulekile ukubonakala kokukhwehlela, lapho amaphaphu aphumele khona ngemuva nangaphambili ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ukwengeza, nge-TB, isikhala sogulayo singase sibe nokungcola kwegazi. Esimweni esinjalo, kuyadingeka ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo, ngoba kukhona ingozi enkulu empilweni.

Ukwelapha lesi sifo, izidakamizwa ezine -anti-TB ezi-4-5 zisetshenziswa kanyekanye . Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli kufanele zinikeze ukuvivinya umzimba nokuphefumula, kanye nezidakamizwa ezandisa ukwelashwa.

I-rheumatism yepulmonary

Kuze kube manje, lesi sifo siphuthumayo. Kunamanye amagama: i-pneumonitis, i-lung rheumatism, i-vasculitis ye-rheumatic pulmonary. Lesi sifo sibonakala ukubonakala kobuthakathaka ne-dyspnea, ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa, i-tachycardia, ukwanda kwe-ESR, i-leukocytosis ye-neutrophilic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinkinga zokuphefumula nokubonakala kwesondo.

I-antirheumatic therapy isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa, futhi zonke izici ezingenhla ziyanyamalala ngokushesha kakhulu. Into eyinhloko lapha ukuqala ukwelashwa ngesikhathi futhi ungavumeli ukubonakala kwezimo ezingase zenze umphunga we-pneumonia.

I-Cancer Lung

Lesi esinye sezifo eziyingozi kakhulu. Lapho umdlavuza uqala izicubu ezimbi emathangeni amaphaphu. Ukuhambisana nalesi sifo nge-dyspnea, ukukhwehlela okukhulu, ukutholakala kwegazi ku-sputum, ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo somzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezibonakaliso zesibili ezivamile, njengokukhathala, ukunganakwa, ukunyuka okungenangqondo kokushisa, ukushintsha kwezwi nokubonakala kokuthuka.

Amaphaphu ahlukunyezwa kanjani ngesikhathi somdlavuza? Kumele uqaphele ukuthi ukuzwa okungajabulisi ekuqaleni kwesi sifo kuyoba kuphela kusuka ohlangothini oluthintekile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinhlungu zikhula kakhulu futhi azibheki ngesikhathi sokukhwehlela, kodwa futhi zivele nje ngokuphefumula-ukuphefumula.

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kungaba nezinhlobonhlobo zezindlela: imisebe, ukuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapeutic. Ukuhlukahluka okudingekayo kokwelapha kukhethwe ukuqhubeka nokucindezeleka kwesifo, indawo nobukhulu besisu, isimo sesiguli njalo njalo njalo.

Izifo zenhliziyo: i-infarction ye-myocardial ne-pericarditis eyomile

Nakuba lezi zifo ezimbili zihluke ezimpawu zabo eziyinhloko, zinezimpawu eziningana ezivamile. Lokhu kubuhlungu njalo esifubeni, okuphawulekayo kwanda ngokukhwehlela, ukukhipha, ukuphefumula okujulile kanye nezinguquko zomzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungadlula engxenyeni, ehlombe, emhlathini nasentanyeni.

Ukuqeda izimpawu zezifo, i-antianginal ("i-Nitroglycerin") kanye nezidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory) (ezisetshenziswayo "Ibuprofen", "Indomethacin") zisetshenziswa. Uma kungabikho ukuphumelela ekusetshenzisweni kwezimali ezingenhla, isiguli sinikezwa i-glucocorticosteroids ("i-Prednisolone").

Ukwelapha ubuhlungu emaphashini

Njengoba ungabona, kungase kube nezimpendulo eziningi embuzweni ukuthi kungani amaphaphu aphumula. Yini engingayenza ukuze nginciphise isimo sami? Impendulo eqondile, ngeshwa, akekho ongayinika, ngoba ubuhlungu obunjalo buwumphumela wesifo esithile. Ngakho-ke, into kuphela okudingeka yenziwe ukubonisana nodokotela ngesikhathi sokuthola i-diagnosis efanele futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukuphatha imithi noma izinqubo zokwelapha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphela ochwepheshe, egxile ekuhluphekeni kwamapayipi, angakwazi ukubona ngokushesha ukuthi isifo siyini: ukutholakala kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala noma ukulimaza amathambo noma izicubu zomzimba emthonjeni we-thoracic.

Indlela kuphela yokuvimbela ubuhlungu emaphashini awakhona, njengoba izimbangela zezifo ezichazwe ngenhla zingahlukahluka: kusukela ebusweni obuvamile, okubangele izinkinga (umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane) nokuphela, isibonelo, isimo esicindezelayo esabangela izinkinga zenhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, into kuphela engashiwo kulesi simo: zizinakekele futhi ulalele ngokucophelela emzimbeni wakho.

Yiba nempilo!