Yini izidakamizwa elwa ne-TB is best esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa?

Akubonakali isifo sofuba yamaphaphu ingelapheka ingakapheli 10 izinyanga ikhalenda iminyaka engu-1.5. Koze kube nini ukwelashwa incike kobukhulu inqubo isifo kanye nokuqokwa zomuthi zenzelwa ofanele kakhulu.

Isifo sofuba esikhathini sethu - isifo iyelapheka

Ngo yesimanje yokwelapha isifo sofuba-antibiotic iyona akubona ukuphathwa inhlanganisela. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma yesikhathi esisodwa kokuthola imithi ehlukene kancane kakhulu ezikhulayo mycobacteria ukumelana izidakamizwa. Isiguli inikezwe Yiqiniso ngokushesha Ihora 2 noma 3 izidakamizwa. Ngenhlanhla, amathuba imithi namuhla ebanzi. Lokhu kungaba inombolo TB izidakamizwa 1 noma inhlanganisela ukwakhiwa kuhlanganiswe I neyesi-II chungechunge.

Ukwahlukanisa elwa ne-TB ejenti lakhiwa degree of ukusebenza kwabo. By the way, ngiyabonga eziningi Ucwaningo lwethu Institute for kokusungulwa izidakamizwa ezifana "INH". Lona omunye izidakamizwa ezinkulu anti-ezihlanganisa isifo sofuba, it has inzuzo emsebenzini eliphezulu kakhulu bacteriostatic. Kulokhu, kubalulekile inqubo elikhiqizayo ikakhulukazi iziguli esanda kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini.

Okulandelayo ohlwini

Eyesibili-ukuphumelela ukwelashwa ngemva "Isoniazid" - kuyinto "rifampicin". izindlela kakhulu amahle ngempumelelo. amalungiselelo okwalandela Active kungenziwa abiwa ukulandelana elandelayo: "streptomycin", "Kanamycin", eminye "Pyrazinamide" "Ethionamide" kulandelwe "Prothionamide" "Ethambutol", futhi 3 ngaphezulu 'florimitsina "" Pask, "TB "Thioacetazone" izidakamizwa.

Zonke nemithi vozdeystuyuschie ukuze Mycobacterium futhi ukusiza ukuxazulula izinkinga zokwelapha iziguli ziye ibekwe iqembu izidakamizwa elwa ne-TB:

1. Elwa namagciwane izidakamizwa ezinkulu elwa ne-TB 1 uchungechunge
2. inqolobane izidakamizwa II chungechunge.

Ezahlukahlukene amalungiselelo 1 kanye 2 imigqa

Emgqeni wokuqala yiwona izidakamizwa main ezithi nekusebenta esiphezulu ejenti chemotherapeutic nemikhiqizo yabo. Have ubuthi omncane.

Antituberculosis izidakamizwa imigqa 2, kuhlanganise nezidakamizwa isipele, ungenalo yi ezinjalo ezinhle ekulweni Koch Wand, nge ngempela anobuthi. Basuke iqondiswa iziguli esimweni uma umzimba abuthonywa inombolo nemithi 1 noma ukungabekezelelani le mithi siyenzeka.

izibalo Sad ebonisa ukuthi isiphi isikhathi izidakamizwa ziyalutha ngomzimba, okusho ukuthi ukusebenza kahle ancipha kakhulu. Futhi, i-main izidakamizwa elwa ne-TB emva kwesikhathi esithize, kubangele bona umlutha ngoba mycobacteria asinde kubo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ukuhlukaniswa ukwamukela izidakamizwa ethile eyodwa kuphela, bese ukumelana ke mycobacteria waphawula phakathi kwezinyanga 2-4.

TB: ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nomthelela

Kwenqwaba sokuhlaselwa TB umphumela bacteriostatic ku mycobacteria, okungukuthi, banciphisa virulence yabo futhi sinqobe kungenzeka bande. Ngokufanayo, "INH" futhi "rifampicin" ngemithamo kanzulu unekhono ukwenza amagciwane. Ukuze uthole umphumela yezokwelapha esitebeleni, kanye ukuze baxwayise futhi uzibe ekuphindeni kungenzeka izidakamizwa elwa ne-TB kufanele kwaqhubeka isikhathi eside.

Kucatshangwa ngakho konke lokhu Ukukhetha nokuqokwa inhlanganisela umhlabeleli izidakamizwa, kanye isikhathi kwesicelo yabo encike ngqo kwi notshwala isiguli ngaleso amafomu isikhathi isifo sofuba, ngalokho izindlela kwenziwa impatho eyedlule (uma ikhona), njengoba ikubekezelele nesineke kwemithi ethile kusuka njengesifo sofuba Mycobacterium azwela emuthini abakhethiwe.

kwedivayisi engcono

Inhlanganisela izidakamizwa elwa ne-TB okuhleliwe ngoba kucatshangwa ukuthi uhlelo lokwelapha kumele zibe ngeyodwa samanje noma ezimbili izidakamizwa lokuqala umugqa. Yiqiniso, uma Awunawo Izimo noma ubabonise ukuzinza. Ngalesi umthamo zonke amalungiselelo kuhlanganiswe ngokuvamile ezingamukeleki encishisiwe.

Lapho ukwabela (memo ftiziologa) kumele kunakwe ukuthi izidakamizwa elwa ne-TB enjalo, njengoba i-streptomycin nemikhiqizo yalo ayikwazi kuhlangene florimitsina, kanamycin nezinye imithi elwa namagciwane ukuthi ube nemiphumela nephrotoxic futhi ototoxic.

Hlobo luni ukulungiselela "PAS"

"PAS" - TB engazweli imiphumela bacteriostatic. Yebo izinsuku ososayensi pharmacologists owabudala. Kakhulu asebenzayo ngokumelene bacilli TB. Ekwelapheni ezihlukahlukene futhi kwasendaweni ezihlukahlukene sofuba. Inikeza nomphumela ongcono ngisho nalapho kuhlangene nokuqokwa kwamanye isinyathelo TB.

Umuthi inegama Latin "PASK-AKRI". Iyatholakala noma izikhwama 4 g noma 100 g ebhange esikhwameni imithi "PAS" equkethwe 3.2 aminosalicylate sodium, njengasezulwini iphilisi elilodwa - 1 g sodium para-aminosalicylate. Izibhebhe embozwe igobolondo ivikela isisu ukudayisa ifakwa i 50/100/500/1000 izicucu. iphakethe.

Yini engcono ukuhlanganisa

TB engazweli "PAS" ngokuya umsebenzi tuberkulostaticheskoy izidakamizwa phansi kunabaphostoli ezifana isoniazid ne-streptomycin, futhi ngoba kumele kusetshenziswe ihambisana ejenti zimatasa ngaso. ukwelashwa kubambezela ukuthuthukiswa yokumelana nomuthi futhi sithuthukisa umphumela imithi concomitant.

Pharmacokinetics "PAS"

Umuthi has a high (90%) ukumuncwa. It is akheka esibindini. Ukwazi kalula zingene izithiyo igazi-izicubu futhi kusakazwe emisipheni. Izinga eliphezulu kakhulu izidakamizwa lokuhlushwa ebonwe emaphashini, nezinso isibindi. Okuningi ngokulinganisela "PAS" (antituberculosis izidakamizwa) ingena phakathi cerebrospinal fluid. Kodwa endabeni ka-ukuvuvukala eku- cerebrospinal amagobolondo uketshezi aminosalicylic acid lokuhlushwa kuyinto 10-50% of the lokuhlushwa oketshezini olungenambala lwegazi. Iningi (80%) kwezidakamizwa excreted ikakhulukazi umchamo.

Amalungiselelo II uchungechunge

2 elwa ne-TB eziningi ukuba akhethe futhi aphoyintimenti ngesikhathi esifanele nomthelela zokwelapha kakhulu ngokuya ngokukhishwa kobuthi egazini, plus futhi kwaba nokushiywa okuphawulekayo izinguquko ukuvuvukala kule izicubu wamaphaphu ngisho owelapha isifo sofuba ngokuphumelelayo ze- bronchi.

Ngokusho kocwaningo lwezokwelapha ngesikhathi ekwelapheni izingane kanye nabantu abadala kanye amafomu eyinkimbinkimbi chronic elimazayo nesenzakalo sofuba ne inhlanganisela ezahlukene izidakamizwa eziningana II, inikezwe iziguli ukumelana sokucindezeleka, namagciwane amelana kuya izidakamizwa mina chungechunge, e Amaphesenti angu-65 amacala eyamukelwe, okuyinto kumjabulisa kakhulu , ukusebenza emitholampilo ezengeziwe.

TB: side effects

Futhi-ke, nentshisekelo labo izidakamizwa zichazwe sihloko, kungenzeka yabo emibi. Ikakhulukazi ngenxa langena eminyakeni yamuva umkhuba imithi elwa ne-TB ezidinga ukucatshangisiswa ekhethekile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngokushesha lesi sifo sawela embundwini ubhubhane, naphezu abalulekile ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II ukunciphisa abagulela ukufa ezingeni. Lokunye lokubaluleke kakhulu iqiniso lokuthi ekwelapheni isifo sofuba, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, inqubo lide kakhulu, kanye nomthelela omubi izidakamizwa nje ukuvela, noma ukweqisa izidakamizwa noma ngesikhathi kuqhubeka isikhathi eside reception yakhe.

Ezinye izibalo

Lapho ukwelashwa TB amarekhodi okubikekayo angaphandle kanye nabamele yasekhaya imithi emibi ye izidakamizwa futhi imvamisa yabo nesenzakalo ngakho ezihlukahlukene njengoba uhlobo lesi sifo. Ngokwesibonelo, kusukela iziguli 3148 e ukwelashwa abathintekayo ejenti asebenzayo ngokumelene mycobacteria, ukusabela ezingezinhle babonakala e% 12.2 kuphela abantu, kanye iningi labo kwaba ukubonakaliswa imvelo umzimba uxabane nawo, futhi kuphela iziguli 74 kwakukhona ubuthi anobuthi.

Ngokusekelwe idatha eshicilelwe, singaphetha ngokuthi lo waphawula side effects izidakamizwa elwa ne-TB ezahlukene imvamisa izimpendulo. iyehla iyenyuka elikhulu zichazwe nge imithi yabo-non-iyunifomu yezimo ibalulekile izidakamizwa hhayi kuphela esetshenziswa, kodwa futhi uhlobo nesifo sofuba, kanye engu-iziguli, ngisho nezinhlobo zezempilo (esibhedlela, sibhedlela, umtholampilo, isikhungo).

ucwaningo uyaqhubeka

Imithi eyingozi imbewu eletha Koch sika, zibandakanya inombolo compounds yemvelo kanye lulwimi zokwenziwa lapho kukhona ngento eyodwa - kuba umsebenzi wabo ngokumelene, okusho Mycobacterium sofuba (M.tuberculosis). TB, esigabeni lapho, njengoba kuphawuliwe ngaphambili kulesi sihloko, uhlukanisa izidakamizwa ku 2 uchungechunge (okuyinhloko kanye nebhekhaphu), Sinesithakazelo esikhulu ezazini zesayensi.

Ngokukhethekile ukuthuthukiswa ukungawi bacilli TB. Zonke nophenyo laboratory abazenzi, futhi kule ndaba imiphumela wabonisa ukuthi iningi iziguli degree of yokumelana nomuthi ngesikhatsi ukwelashwa ingase ihlukahluke, futhi phezulu futhi phansi, ukufinyelela ngezinye izikhathi ukuze sokubuyiselwa pheze ephelele ukuzwela.

Ukuncishiswa ukusabela ezingezinhle

Lapho izigigaba ezingezinhle ezenzeka phakathi ukuphathwa, umthamo lokuqala imithi zingancishiswa noma kwakheke amanye esikhundleni ezinye amalungiselelo. Ngo ezinzima icala ecaleni ukuphendula izidakamizwa antituberculous lokwenqabela okwesikhashana nedili lomshado nabo esikhundleni okwalandela ngomunye. Ukuze uvimbele futhi uqede izimpawu senhliziyo nesineke inikezwa kuncike ubufakazi banoma iliphi yenombolo izidakamizwa antispasmodics, ezifana: "Eufillin", "papaverine", "Teofedrin" lehla "Zelenin," etc ...

Izici nobukhali izigameko ezingezinhle ezavela ngesikhathi TB zahlukahlukene ngempela. Antituberculosis izidakamizwa, ngezigaba lapho kubonakaliswa ezithile ezifanayo isici zamakhemikhali, aqoqana lula ucwaningo.

ukwelashwa kwe-TB

Ngo ekwelapheni isifo tuberculous esikhathini sethu Uphinde abhekwe umsebenzi obalulekile ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwesifo. Usongo livela iziguli ezinesifo sofuba yamaphaphu ifomu evulekile. imithi yabo olunzulu kuzosiza ukunciphisa inani izifo, kanye nokuvimbela amacala amasha yalesi sifo edabukisayo.

Njengoba ukwelashwa eside, isiguli kuthatha isineke samodistsiplinirovannost. Ngempela, isifo sofuba kuyingozi hhayi kuphela ehlaselwa emzimbeni, kodwa futhi wonke umzimba iyonke. isikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze uqale ukwelashwa elwa namagciwane, lapho i-course ithatha wezikhali enamandla kakhulu, izidakamizwa estosnovnye TB. Siyabonga kubo, nokho kungenzeka ekunqanyulweni kwe bacilli okwakuhlalwa kuzo lapho kusaqalwa, okuzokwenza neqhaza ekubuyiselweni isitho eshile umonakalo encane noma bengaholelwa nhlobo ukuba wonke umzimba.

ukwelashwa Comprehensive esizosingathwa kucatshangelwa nobudala amafomu ezikhonjwe lesi sifo, kuhlanganisa imiphumela izinqubo sokugembula ka isitho onesifo, ekunciphiseni izimpawu concomitant (ubuhlungu, ukukhwehlela) nge inhalations lahlukene lasetjentiswako athole ukwelashwa komzimba.

Ukwamukelwa esiqokiwe iqembu imithi kumele ngempela kube njalo njengoba indlela ingebe kungabangela ukuthuthukiswa ukumelana nabo. Ukwelashwa okufanele kwenziwe esibhedlela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela. Ngemva osenyameni phthisiatrician elibukhali ngokucophelela.

kalula kanye nokuqaliswa nemiyalelo wezokwelapha kanye nezinjongo kuyisihluthulelo ukuqedela yokutakula. Namuhla-TB akuyona umusho.