Budapest Imemorandamu 1994

Budapest Imemorandamu Ukraine, United Kingdom, Russia nase-US ngemvume Disemba 5, 1994. Document efakwe ziqinisekiso nokuvikeleka maqondana ukubusa Ukraine ukuba iSivumelwano kwi-Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Izikhali. Ngo-1996, lo uxhumano owawuse.

eziyisisekelo

Umbhalo Budapest Imemorandamu 1994 inikeza ukuzinikela Ukraine ukuze ususe ensimini zonke izikhali zenuzi ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi. Futhi, Russian Federation, e-United States nelase-United Kingdom ngenzé:

• Ukuba ahloniphe igunya, ukuzimela futhi imingcele ekhona Ukraine ngokuhambisana nalo Mthetho Yokugcina OSCE.
• Ungasebenzisi noma iyiphi izikhali ngokumelene ukuzimela kwezombusazwe futhi bagcina ubuqotho indawo ye-Ukraine, uma hhayi ngezinjongo ukuzivikela nakwezinye izimo ngokuhambisana Charter UN.
• Ukuze ugweme ukuphoqwa kwezomnotho, ukuthi ihlose kucabangela ukuqaliswa yi-Ukraine amalungelo esivela ebukhosini bawo futhi izinzuzo zalo siqu, bangakunaki ephephile noma iyiphi inzuzo.
• Demand kusukela UN Security Council ngokuba isinyathelo ngokushesha uma kwenzeka ukuthi Ukraine njengezwe - party ukuba iSivumelwano kwi-Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Izikhali izoba ngaphansi izinsongo noma isisulu ubudlova ngezikhali zenuzi.
• Ungayisebenzisi zenuzi ngokumelene Ukraine, ngaphandle kwemacala nokuhlaselwa memorandamu ezihlobene izwe uhulumeni, insimu yabo kanye nabangani babo.
• Ukunika iseluleko, uma kukhona izingxabano mayelana zibopho ezithintwe ngenhla.

China futhi France

Ngaleso sikhathi, lapho sisayinwe Budapest Imemorandamu, amalungu agcwele iSivumelwano phezu Non-Proliferation Treaty kwadingeka amandla ezimbili yenuzi - France neChina. Nokho, abazange ngemvume umbhalo idokhumenti futhi uvikela wawumele- Ukukhishwa izitatimende efanele. umehluko yabo kwaba ukuthi kwakungekho nto kokubonisana saziso nezimo edidayo.

ngesimo esingokomthetho

Okwamanje, impikiswano iyaqhubeka mayelana nokuthi idokhumenti amaqembu semthethweni. Kusukela ngomhla ka-2014 Budapest Imemorandamu engakaze izibophezele. Njengoba uVladimir Ryabtsev, unobhala lokuqala Ukrainian Ministry Foreign, ababehileleke kulo okuthunyelwe 1994-1995. futhi iqhaza ekulungiseleleni idokhumenti, uma ungena umbuzo kokuqiniswa ku ezifundazweni amaqembu, bekungelula. Khona-ke, ngokubona Ryabtsev, ngokwesilinganiso, kwakubikwa ukuqonda ukuthi Budapest Imemorandamu, umbhalo wamukelwa oyilungu, adingekayo ukusebenza okuqhubekayo.

Ryabtsev Yaveza umbono wokuthi Russian Federation ngo-2003, lapho kwakukhona ingxabano emhlabeni Ace esiqhingini yabonisa isikhundla okuphambene ku ukubaluleka kanye isibopho idokhumenti ngemvume eHungary. owayenguNobhala lokuqala Ukrainian Ministry Foreign kusho ukuthi ngo-2010 Ekugcineni ngabona ukuthi Budapest Imemorandamu 1994 international idokhumenti semthethweni akuyona, njengoba agcinwe kule kohlaka ukubuyekeza ingxoxo omhlangano wabonisa yokuthi kubalulekile ukwenza kuphela kudingeka isivumelwano esiye samukelwa ngokomthetho isimo . Ngesikhathi esifanayo uVladimir Ryabtsev engavumelani ngeengaba linqoba ngesikhathi samanje Memorandum njengoba idokhumenti eveza wokubhekelela amaqembu, futhi ubona isivumelwano phakathi kwemibuso, ukulungisa ngokucacile ukusebenza izikhundla ebekiwe.

Umbono ezinye izibalo zezombusazwe

UVladimir Gorbulin, ex-Unobhala uMkhandlu wezokuPhepha we-Ukraine, no-Aleksandru slavi, Doctor of Political Science wakhuluma mayelana lokuthi Ukraine kufanele abize kube nomhlangano wamazwe omhlaba, lapho ukulungiselela isivumelwano esisha ku iziqinisekiso zezokuvikela, uzosusa Budapest Imemorandamu ngo-September 2009. Ukuze iqhaza kule ngqungquthela bacelwe ukudweba isimo yibhange ngo-1994, ukuphepha-Ukraine, kanye nabanye abadlali ezinkulu geopolitical.

Inkinga YaseCrimea kanye Imemorandamu

UMongameli Russian uVladimir Putin ku isizinda izenzakalo eCrimea, March 1, 2014 wathola imvume kusuka Federal Council ukusebenzisa ensimini ka isimo Ukraine, amabutho waseRussia ahlomile nje akukho isimo sibuyela kwesejwayelekile setepolitiki kuleli zwe. Lezi zinyathelo bekulindeleke, ngokuvumelana Putin, Ukraine isimo samanje okungavamile okusongelayo izimpilo bakithi, kanye neqiniso lokuthi, ngokuhambisana isivumelwano samazwe onke ensimini ka isimo Ukraine itshalwa izisebenzi akuxhomekile lempi Russian Federation Armed Forces. Ngokusemthethweni bahlasele akekho wathi, kodwa kuye kwaba izimo eziningi zabantu engalibaleki ukumakwa ukufaka lempi Armed Forces of Ukraine. Ngokwe-iziphathimandla Ukrainian, kwaba wezempi Russian.

isitatimende Putin sika

Owayengumongameli waseRussia waqale waphika ukuthi amasosha ethu athatha ingxenye kule nkinga YaseCrimea. Nokho, ngemva kokujoyina eCrimea phakathi Russian Federation Putin waqinisekisa ukuthi amabutho Russian asekelwe Peninsula ezomvikela ngesikhathi inhlolovo. Lezi zenzo, ngokuvumelana umongameli, Benziwe ukuqinisekisa izimo yokuveza khulula intando abantu YaseCrimea kanye nokongiwa e eCrimea obunokuthula imvelo. Kamuva, uVladimir Putin ukuthi iRussia akukaze sifihla Eqinisweni kokusebenzisa amabutho abo ukuze uvimbele amayunithi lempi Ukraine.

Budapest Imemorandamu emehlweni iziphathimandla zaseRussia

Izwe lethu ngokusemthethweni uyayilahla zonke izinhlobo emangalelwa kwephula izivumelwano ka 1994 futhi konke ukusebenza kwabo isimo ezenzeka eCrimea. UMongameli Russian ngoMashi 4 2014 ngonyaka kwaba nombono wokuthi selokhu inguquko e-Ukraine, kuthathwa ngokuthi insimu yayo akha isimo esisha, neRussia maqondana ayizange ngemvume noma yimaphi amadokhumenti esibophezelayo.

Nganikeza isitatimende Ministry Foreign ngo-April 1 walowo RF akakaze okuqinisekisiwe ukuthi uyongena yingxenye ye-Ukraine ngokumelene izifiso izakhamuzi zendawo ukuze bahlale ngezithako zawo, futhi 1994 Budapest Imemorandamu ngezimo ababe umphumela izenzo izici zezombangazwe kwezenhlalo, ezomnotho kanye ezifuywayo, asisebenzi . Lezi zici MFA ka iRussia yathatha izenzakalo eCrimea.

Isikhundla Russian Federation phezu kungezona lezo ndaba lo: Memorandum Budapest mqondo yayo has kuphela isibopho hhayi ukwesabisa ukusebenzisa izikhali zenuzi hhayi ukuzisebenzisa ngokumelene uthi non-zenuzi, futhi kwenzeka kanjani ukuba Ukraine. Lesi sibopho Russia ukuthobela ngokugcwele, futhi neze kahle.

Isikhundla iziphathimandla Ukrainian

uhlangothi Ukrainian ukholelwa ukuthi izenzo waseRussia eCrimea, kuhlanganise enhlonhlweni ngokujoyina Russia ephula 1994 Budapest Imemorandamu. Mashi 21, 2014 th I Verkhovna Rada yokutholwa Simemetelo ukulwa ukuze kukhululwe Ukraine futhi wathi ukuthi Russian Federation akuzange nje wephule emithethweni ekhona zenkosi isimo Ukraine, kodwa futhi indiva kwezinkambiso umthetho international, okuyinto livikeleke Charter UN.

27 ku-Mashi 2014, u-Andrei Deshchitsa, iBamba Minister of Foreign Affairs Ukraine, ngesikhathi enza inkulumo yakhe emgubheni UN General Assembly, kusho ukuthi ingxenye ehlangene isimo Ukraine izwe ngenkani yayilokhu izidlela nje ngemva kwamasonto amabili umsebenzi wezempi, ngaphambili aphoqelelwe ukuba kuqinisekwe ukuthi ubukhosi, ukuzimela futhi isithunzi sendawo Ukraine ngokuhambisana Budapest memorandamu. Deshchitsa ebuzwa UN General Assembly ukusekela isinqumo isithunzi sendawo Ukraine, okuyinto isimemezele inhlolovo labetibambile eCrimea, njengelingafezekiseki.

Ekuphetheni

December 5, 2014, lapho kugujwa iminyaka engu ngolwamashumi amabili Budapest Imemorandamu, Arseniy Yatsenyuk, uNdunankulu, waphinda ngokuthi amaqembu ukuze lesi sivumelwano ukwenza ngokuhlanganyela isinyathelo esiwujuqu ukuphoqelela Russia ukufeza izibopho zayo. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, uSergei Lavrov, kusho uNgqongqoshe wezangaPhandle u-Russian, wathi Memorandum bebengenayo unesibopho ukukubona kwenzeka e-Ukraine, Ukuketulwa etat. Ngo-December 6, 2014, kubahlanganyeli "YaseCrimea Initiative" kumemezela ukuthi Ukraine baphule Budapest Imemorandamu, kusukela ngesikhathi ngemvume sovereignty of kuleli zwe, akazange asifake isicelo ukuze Republic of eCrimea, inhlonhlo eme futhi ngokuvamile iminyaka eminingi wayeyilungu isimo Ukraine ngokungemthetho.

Njengoba ubona, impikiswano mayelana nesimo ngemvume 5 Disemba 1994 idokhumenti bengayeki kuze kube yilolu suku. Singagcina ngokubu- ulandele ngentuthuko.