Kanjani bronchoscopy wamaphaphu bronchus: ukubuyekezwa. ukuthi ukwenza kabuhlungwana bronchoscopy?

Kanjani ukwenza bronchoscopy? Bambalwa abantu bazi, kodwa kuzwakala izwi scary. Futhi akumangalisi. Kuyinto inkimbinkimbi, esesikhundleni izingozi ezithile. Chitha it in oyinyumba egumbini lokuhlinza, ugcine zonke izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele.

kanjani ukukhanya bronchoscopy

Izibuyekezo ekubulaleni iziguli ezigulela badabula le nqubo sendlela ukwenza uzole bronchoscopy bronchial. I obaluleke kakhulu into - lokho akusho ubuhlungu, Asihlali isikhathi eside, nalapho kwenziwe kahle, akabashiyi iyiphi nemiphumela emibi.

amathuba Huge zokuxilonga nokwelapha bronchoscope ziningi kakhulu ukungaphatheki kahle isiguli phakathi naleyo nqubo. Nokho, lokho bronchoscopy zokuxilonga nokwelapha: indlela yokwenza ngalinye kulawa izinqubo?

Okwamanje, bronchoscopy - indlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi enembile of luhlolo futhi ubambe ezinye izenzo yezokwelapha ngalo ingaphakathi sangaphakathi emaphashini, bronchi kanye kuqhoqhoqho. Ngemva isingeniso phakathi bronchoscope optical, udokotela ku qapha ungabukela isithombe esigcwele futhi wenze ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe.

Ngaphezu kokuthola inkinga, zokwelapha, ngisho yabamba bronchoscopy. Izibuyekezo iziguli wangaphambili - ubufakazi Direct ukuthi izakhiwo oqabulayo le nqubo siyasebenza kakhulu: ukususwa okusheshayo zemizimba angaphandle kanye nezinto sokugembula kusukela bronchi, ukwethulwa kwe-izidakamizwa kunesidingo.

izinhlobo bronchoscopy

Indlela yokwenza bronchoscopy esingashintshi, futhi ukuthi lihluke kanjani nezimo? Hard (eqinile nakho ngeke kusize) bronchoscope wuhlelo esintamo amashubhu ozwakala flashlight nekhamera ngakolunye uhlangothi kanti ngakolunye ingalo. ngendlela elukhuni inqubo bronchoscope liyadingeka ukuthola umzimba angaphandle bronchi noma yomoya noma ukuze kunqandwe ukopha kusukela izitho zokuphefumula.

Labetibambile bronchoscopy eqinile nakho ngeke kusize ngaphansi izinzwa jikelele. Ngenxa ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile, isiguli akusho ukuzwa ukungakhululeki, asisho ukunyakazisa futhi kungaphazamisi udokotela ukugxilisa ingqondo.

bronchoscope eqinile nakho ngeke kusize ngokuvamile zisebenzisa egunjini labadinga usizo oluphuthumayo odokotela nokunakekela amaqembu olunzulu ekuhlinzekeni usizo lokuqala, ezifana indoda cwilisa. Lena indlela esheshayo ngempumelelo ukususa uketshezi ovela emaphashini. Phezu ukuthola pathologies letehlukene tenchubo zokuxilonga, bronchoscope eqinile nakho ngeke kusize ivumela udokotela ngokushesha kuyo leyo ndawo ukuze uwasuse. Lapho bronchoscopy nezimo lokhu akunakwenzeka, udokotela kuyodingeka kamuva uphinde ufake iyunithi ku yomoya lesiguli.

In the ukungabikho ubufakazi ngqo uhlobo kanzima odokotela bronchoscopy uzame ukusebenzisa bronchoscopy nezimo, kuleso simo kuphela kudingeka izinzwa wendawo. Kuyinto tube abushelelezi ikhebula optical nge LED, ikhamera yevidiyo esiphethweni esisodwa kanye isigwedlo ngakolunye.

Nakuba uhlobo nezimo of bronchoscopy kubhekwa ngokuyinhloko zokuxilonga, ipayipi ekhethekile ngaphakathi bronchoscope fibreoptic, uma kunesidingo, uzosusa uketshezi lapho amashubhu bronchial, noma uzihambise izidakamizwa. Yena kalula futhi nokuhlukumezeka okuncane nolwelwesi lwamafinyila zingene ezindaweni eziqhele kakhulu umgudu wokuphefumula.

Anesthesia: jikelele noma zendawo?

izinzwa Jikelele ingase yabelwe lapho bronchoscopy nezimo kuye ingqondo isiguli esithile sika (ebuntwaneni, psyche engazinzile, beshaqekile futhi ukucindezeleka).

izinzwa wendawo kuhilela ukusetshenziswa lidocaine ngesimo isifutho, nisela kubo sinuses lokuqala acinene, nasopharynx ke njengoba uhamba idivayisi - amalaka, kuqhoqhoqho kanye bronchi. Lidocaine kuyinto aqede ubuhlungu nje kuphela kodwa futhi suppresses lo Gag nokukhwehlela reflex. Kuphela izinzwa wendawo is Kunconywa kwasebekhulile, noma uma isiguli izifo okunzima yisimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Imigomo ukusetshenziswa bronchoscopy

bronchoscopy Yokucwaninga liyadingeka kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• sofuba;
• ukubhema ubude iminyaka 5;
• izinsolo umdlavuza wamaphaphu;
• atelectasis yamaphaphu;
• ukopha;
• isimiso umgudu wokuphefumula;
• ukukhwehlela yesikhathi eside ungenzi Lokudabuka engaziwa;
• zokugula sitholakale izithombe radiographic (izingxenye ukuvuvukala, izimvu zamanzi).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, bronchoscopy zokwelapha ukhombe:

• ukubuyisa izidumbu bezinye izizwe abavela emaqenjini umgudu wokuphefumula;
• nokususa neoplasms agqagqene yomoya;
• stent ukubekwa kule ipheshana zokuphefumula nge ekuvimbeni izimila yabo.

Ukulungiselela isiguli ekutadisheni

Uyini bronchoscopy futhi kanjani uzilungiselele wona? Njengomthetho, iziguli afunde okuthile ngako kuphela ngemva kokubona kwesiphetho izinqubo nokufunda zonke izinhlobo izincwadi sendlela ukwenza bronchoscopy. Umphumela omuhle inqubo kuncike ikhono udokotela futhi indlela onokwethenjelwa futhi ukulungiselelwa ngokucophelela isiguli.

Uzodinga lokuqala aphase izivivinyo ezimbalwa bese ihlolwe (ukuhlaziywa jikelele kanye kwamakhemikhali kwegazi, umchamo, yamaphaphu umsebenzi test, X-reyi yesifuba, i electrocardiogram kwenhliziyo, kanye nabanye, ngokuhambisana isifo lesiguli kanye injongo yesifundo). Udokotela wakho ngeke ukukhuluma nesineke, tshela, lapho wenze bronchoscopy, njengoba zizohlungwa, kungani kufanele uzilungiselele ngokwengqondo kusengaphambili.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, wacela ukuba uqedela uhlu lwemibuzo, okuyinto kumele ibalule:

• ekhona isifo senhliziyo;
• izinkinga nge igazi ekunqandeni;
• izifo sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba;
• izidakamizwa, okungaba ukusabela iguliswa;
• ukuthatha imithi;
• izifo ne-acute;
• isimo sokukhulelwa, kanye nezinye izici umzimba, okungase kuthinte Yiqiniso inqubo bronchoscopy.

With ukuhlolwa okuhleliwe isiguli ngeke udle, uphuze, intuthu okungenani amahora angu-8. esiswini Human kumelwe ingabi nalutho. OKUVUMELEKILE ukuthatha laxatives kusengaphambili noma ufake enema ukuhlanzwa.

Iziguli somoya avunyelwe ukuthatha nawe phakathi nesifutho yokusebenza. Iziguli eziningi isipiliyoni kanye uvalo phambi test. Kulokhu, lo muntu Kunconywa ukuthatha sine omnene. Kubalulekile isimo esingokomzwelo isiguli - ukuthi ngesikhathi sale nqubo, wayengumuntu ngizolile - kungenjalo udokotela bekuyoba nzima ukwenza ukunyakaza bushelelezi eqondile kakhulu, lapho kuncike ukusebenza yocwaningo.

Hurt ukwenza ukuthi bronchoscopy

Ngokuphambene nalokho okwakulindelwe, inqubo bronchoscopy wenziwa nabuhlungu. Lapho busuka tube wawungathi e umphimbo, ekhaleni stuffy, ulwanga ndikindiki futhi nobunzima ukugwinya. ukuphefumula nesineke akunzima, kusukela ubukhulu tube incane.

ngemva kokuhlinzwa

Isiguli walulama ngokuphelele futhi kungashiya isakhiwo esibhedlela, ukuthatha ukudla namanzi amahora 2-3 ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ukubhema kanye notshwala akuyona efiselekayo ngezinsuku zokuqala ezimbili. Uma sedatives athathwe, ngosuku kungcono hhayi uthole beshayela kanye ukushayela imoto, ngoba kuluthuntubeze udosi ukunakwa, isivinini, futhi indlela umuntu akusingatha ngayo.

Izimo

Njenganoma iyiphi enye inqubo yezokwelapha, bronchoscopy enezinto eziningi Izimo.

1. isihlobo, uma kunjalo esiphuthumayo futhi awukwazi lokwenza ukuxilongwa nge indlela ehlukile:

• sokukhulelwa (senyanga 2 kanye 3rd);
• umkhankaso sikashukela;
• lakhulisiwe yegilo indlala;
• ukuluthwa utshwala;
• isifuba somoya.

2. Ingabe Ohulumeni Banalo Lonke, uma kungenzeka kokulimala impilo:

• decompensated omunye yezifo esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi (isilethikusebenza, isifo sokuvuvukala kwemithambo yomthambo i-aorta, isifo senhliziyo, arrhythmia inhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme);
• nokuvaleka kwemigudu yokuphefumula noma kunzima patency uhlelo bronchial;
• thrombosis semithambo - ubuchopho noma wamaphaphu;
• Psycho-zezinzwa isifo nesineke (isithuthwane, ukusangana);
• ubuhlungu besisu zasezindaweni ezihlukahlukene.

yezinkinga kungenzeka

Inqubo Bronchoscopy kuyinto ngempela eziyinkimbinkimbi, kanye nokuziphatha yayo efanele ukuqaleka yinto kuphela umphimbo okuncane kakhulu. Nokho, kusukela izingozi azibonwa oVikelwe, futhi inqubo kungase kwembule yezinkinga:

1. umonakalo Mechanical noma lubhoboze wamaphaphu, bronchus kanye kuqhoqhoqho kungaholela ukopha.
2. Ngaphambi inqubo yenziwa nakanjani yokungezwani komzimba test, lokhu nesineke iqondiswa umthamo eliphansi agent imithi ebulala izinzwa. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi isivivinyo kuphumelela, kanye yokungezwani komzimba kubonakala ngisho ngokuhamba inqubo, nge okwandisa umthamo. Okungenzeka edema laryngeal futhi ukushaqeka anaphylactic.
3. Ilaka isiguli ngayodwana, ngezinye izikhathi ngenxa izici yokwakheka bronchoscope kungalimaza izintambo zakho vocal.
4. Ukwahluleka okuthobela nanoma likadokotela izincomo emva inqubo, kungaba ebalulekile Oqala ukungezwa aze agcine impilo kanye ukopha.

Ngakho, ngemva kokuhlaziya zonke kungenzeka izimpawu, contraindications nezingozi udokotela noma Pulmonologist inquma iwusizo bronchoscopy, ke mnyombo isiguli futhi ngemvume ebhalwe liyoqoka usuku nehora inqubo.