Iyini inkolo yendabuko izizwe ezwekazini laseNdiya?

Hindustan - inhlonhlo eningizimu-Asia, oyingxenye ezwekazini laseNdiya. Enhlonhlweni iyikhaya inqwaba nebantfu besive yezizwe ezahlukene nezinhlanga, izilimi ezahlukene futhi abathi izimfundiso ezahlukene zenkolo.

I Izinkolo zendabuko sezizwe ezwekazini laseNdiya - kunalokho, inkolo, njengoba ngesikhathi ukhona kule nsimu futhi KULE MINYAKA eyinkulungwane emihlanu eyedlule mayelana nomlando zobuqaba, animism, polytheistic nezinkolelo monotheistic okunhlobonhlobo yayihlangana.

Kusukela impucuko of Mohenjo-daro ukuze amakoloni Great Britain

Enhlonhlweni Sekuyisikhathi eside elinabantu - indaba soshintsho kwezinkathi nempucuko usukela kusukela Neolithic. Lesi sivumelwano bokuqala lapha ine yobudala okuthiwa ayizinkulungwane 20. BC Kumayelana Mohenjo-daro - elinye lamalokishi endala endaweni evulekile.

Ngokusho ososayensi abathile, izingqimba nengezansi yedolobha uvele endaweni 20-15 yeminyaka BC, nakuba usuku esemthethweni ukubonakala endaweni - iminyaka 2600 ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaKristu. Iyini inkolo yendabuko izizwe ezwekazini laseNdiya naleso sikhathi? Yileso sikhathi ukubonakala ubuHindu, eyasungulwa ngesisekelo impucuko of Harappa futhi Dravidians.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi futhi kufika isikhathi zethu ezwekazini laseNdiya owakhiwe abantu ezahlukene okuqondene Dravid, abakhuluma izilimi iqembu Dravidian Veddas (zingabantu mhlawumbe imiphakathi eminingi yasendulo ye South India), Kusunda ulimi. Ngaphezu kwalezi, kwakukhona abameleli mundskoy futhi Tibeto-Burman ulimi umkhaya , nabanye.

Kamuva, ngemva kokufika Aryans esifundeni, kancane kancane ngaqala ukwakha uhlelo lombhalo. Isekelwe kaZiqu karma, uye wahlukanisa labantu ku amazinga, kancane kancane ngokuba ehlelekile ngaphezulu futhi kube lukhuni.

Ezingeni lezombusazwe esifundeni ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene ukusakaza usithonye eziningi semibuso imibuso, kuhlanganise Indo-Greek, Indo-Saka, Kushan Empire, Empire Gupta no Harsha, Magandha nabanye. I Izinkolo zendabuko sezizwe ezwekazini laseNdiya ngesikhathi ubuHindu, ubuBuddha, kwezinye izindawo - ebuqabeni.

Kancane kancane, endaweni yale nhlonhlo, futhi sisabhekene nesikhathi ukunqoba Aleksandrom Makedonskim, ukwakheka kanye nokuthuthukiswa Islamic States Nombuso Omkhulu Mughals, waba koloni Enkulu YaseBrithani.

Ngemva ukuthola ekubusweni iBrithani, ezwekazini laseNdiya lahlukaniswa laba izifunda ezizimele ezintathu: lapha endaweni Pakinstana, Bangladesh kanye ingxenye yeNdiya.

I Izinkolo zendabuko sezizwe ezwekazini laseNdiya

Laba bobathathu imfundiso ngobukhulu zenkolo kule ndawo - ubuHindu, ubuSulumane nobuBuddha. Ngaphezu kwalokho banayo eziningi abalandeli ubuJainism Sikhism, Animism. Hinduism - inkolo yendabuko iningi izizwe ezwekazini laseNdiya: Kwathi 3 yeminyaka BC. ku izisekelo izinkolelo ngisho lasendulo ngaphezulu. Njengoba lesi simiso inkolelo busekelwe amaVeda, harapskuyu nempucuko Dravidian, kubhekwa endala kakhulu emhlabeni.

Angazi emthonjeni owodwa noma umsunguli we ubuHindu, akukho ngisho imfundiso evamile noma emasikweni abantu. Eqinisweni, umkhaya izinkolelo, e ezahlukeneyo zalo ezihlukahlukene uyakucabangela mono-, poly- futhi pantheism, monism ngisho uNkulunkulu akekho.

UbuBuddha, ubuJainism futhi Sikhism

ezinye izinkolo ezimbili, futhi ezihlobene bendabuko kule ndawo - kuba Buddhist ubuJainism. Akekho kubo akuyona alawula yimiphi kwamazwe anamuhla yale nhlonhlo, futhi kodwa unabalandeli abaningi kanye lokuqala nelesibili.

Buddhism eladabuka mayelana yesibili BC leminyaka On ukuthuthukiswa omunye imisinga yayo, Mahayana, futhi wathonywa kakhulu nangabanye isiko lamaGreki-Buddhist. Ngakho-ke, inkolo ngempela yendabuko izizwe yezwekazi laseNdiya, owayehlala endaweni manje ebizwa ngokuthi enyakatho ntshonalanga Pakistan (isiko lamaGreki-Buddhist weza ngenxa ukuxuba Indian, elise-Asia Ephakathi, Persian nesiGreki futhi ithuthukiswe kuze kube BC wangekhulu 5th ku amazwe empumalanga Afghanistan ntshonalanga Pakistan).

UbuJainism futhi Sikhism eladabuka 9-6 eminyaka BC. e. kanye AD Ngekhulu le-15, ngokulandelana. Nakuba wokuqala babo kwakungabantu abadala kakhulu, kokubili ethile yafeza indima ebalulekile emlandweni esifundeni.

Islam

Iyini inkolo yabantu yezwekazi laseNdiya ongancintisana Hinduism? Impendulo - Islam. Lokho lena monotheistic sezinkolelo, nosekubeka ku esifundeni enqubeni ukunqoba, kusukela ekhulwini VIII.

Islam yiyona evelele sezinkolelo ePakistan neBangladesh. Kuyinto ngokulinganiswa ayemncane, kodwa kukhona phakathi izinkolo ezinkulu eminyaka.