Cadmium: umthelela emzimbeni womuntu. Heavy ubuthi metal

Kuyini Cadmium? Lena heavy metal okuyinto etholwe encibilika nezinye izinsimbi ezifana zinc, ithusi noma phambili. It is kabanzi womshini nickel-cadmium amabhethri. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yogwayi iqukethe i-elementi enjalo. Ngenxa yalokho yokuchayeka esiqhubekayo cadmium kokuba isifo esinzima kakhulu kwamaphaphu nezinso. Cabangela izici zalesi metal kabanzi.

Ububanzi kwesicelo cadmium

Iningi ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini lokhu metal ewela ezinengilazi zokuzivikela lapho ukuvikela izinsimbi ngokumelene ukugqwala. enamathela okunjalo has a inzuzo enkulu phezu zinc, nickel noma tin, ngoba engenzi ikhasi ngesikhathi ukusonteka.

Yini enye kungaba ukusetshenziswa cadmium? Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza Alloys ukuthi ephawulekayo amenable ukuba yenqubo yokugaya. Cadmium Alloys nezinye izithasiselo ezincane zethusi, nickel nesiliva elisetshenziswa womshini imoto amabombo, aeronautical nezinjini zasolwandle.

Kukuphi lapho isebenzisa cadmium?

Welders, steelworkers, futhi abasebenzi elihlobene ne-yendwangu, electronics umkhakha nokukhiqizwa kwezincwadi amabhethri, aba maningi amathuba okuba zisengozini cadmium ubuthi. Nickel-cadmium amabhethri asetshenziswa omakhalekhukhwini kanye amanye amadivayisi ayi- elekhthroniki. Kwakuvamise lokhu metal enkulu ekwakhekeni zepulasitiki, upende, metal ezinengilazi. nenhlabathi eziningi ukuthi avundiswa njalo, futhi ingase iqukathe metal anobuthi in inqwaba.

I esindayo metal cadmium: Izakhiwo

Cadmium futhi compounds zalo kwachazwa ngokuthi carcinogens, kodwa kwakutholakala ukuthi inani elincane sakhi imvelo kubanga umdlavuza. Inhalation metal izinhlayiya ku ukukhiqizwa yezimboni empeleni kunomthelela ukuthuthukiswa umdlavuza wamaphaphu, kodwa ukungenisa ukudla okunobuthi, abazi ingozi yomdlavuza.

Indlela cadmium singena emzimbeni womuntu?

Sekuyisikhathi eside eyaziwayo ukuthi intuthu kagwayi iqukethe cadmium. Lokhu heavy metal ingena obhemayo e isamba izikhathi ezimbili mkhulu kunezinhliziyo umzimba womuntu, engesiyo kuncike umkhuba othile omubi onjalo. Nokho, yokuhogela intuthu kagwayi ungakulimaza.

Esinezimila nemifino, okusanhlamvu amazambane etshalwa emhlabathini equkethe esiningi cadmium singaba usongo kubo ngokwabo. Wokuqukethwe eliphezulu le metal loke nje lidume ngokuthunga kwesibindi nezinso eziphila olwandle nezilwane.

izimboni eziningi, ikakhulukazi steel, likhipha semali cadmium. Abantu abahlala eduze zinkampani afakiwe eqenjini ingozi ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Kwezinye izindawo zasemakhaya ngenkuthalo ukusebenzisa umquba phosphate, aqukethe nengcosana cadmium. Ukudla wanda ngezinga leli zwe kukhona umuntu ongase abe usongo.

Ukuchayeka cadmium emzimbeni womuntu

Ngakho, kumelwe sikuqonde lokho kuyinto cadmium. Umthelela emzimbeni womuntu onesigqi esinamandla kungabangela imiphumela engemihle. Kunoma eziphilayo kuba izinto eziningi ezincane, kanye nendzima yayo lomzimba akukaqondwa ngokugcwele. Cadmium kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa umsebenzi ongemuhle.

ubuthi sayo sisekelwe ukuvimba we-sulphur-aqukethe amino acid, okuholela ukuphazamiseka amaprotheni umzimba futhi kokunqotshwa kwe kuyi-nucleus yengqamuzana. Lokhu heavy metal kusiza isiphelo sesimiso calcium kusukela amathambo futhi sithinta isimiso sezinzwa. Kungaba buthelela nezinso isibindi, futhi excreted kusuka emzimbeni kuba kancanekancane. Le nqubo kungathatha amashumi eminyaka. Cadmium ngokuvamile excreted ku umchamo kanye endleni.

Inhalation of cadmium

Lo msuka ingena emzimbeni by ephefumula abasebenzi ezimbonini. Ukuvimbela lokhu, sebenzisa imishini ngempumelelo zokuzivikela. Ukuhluleka ukwenza njalo kuholela nemiphumela edabukisayo. Uma imuncwe cadmium, ithonya umzimba womuntu eziyinsimbi kuboniswa kanje: izinga lokushisa emzimbeni liphume, kukhona imfiva lapho ukhwehlela nobuhlungu bomzimba.

Ngemva kwesikhashana, kukhona umonakalo omkhulu emaphashini, kukhona ubuhlungu esifubeni, iphika, ukukhwehlela. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kulesi simo kubangela usibulale lesi siguli. Ephefumula umoya equkethe cadmium, ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa isifo sezinso kwamathambo. Amathuba wamaphaphu umdlavuza ukhula ngokuphindwe izikhathi eziningana.

Ukuthathwa cadmium ngokudla

Yeka indlela okuyingozi cadmium emanzini nokudla? Nge ukusetshenziswa njalo ukudla okunobuthi namanzi emzimbeni iqala buthelela lo metal, okuholela imiphumela engemihle: izinso iphazamiseke, kukhona buthakathaka ithambo izicubu, kuthinta isibindi, inhliziyo, futhi ukufa kwenzeka ezimweni ezinzima.

Zidle ukudla ingcoliswe cadmium, kungabangela esiswini ngokucasuka ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ubuhlungu besisu, uhudo nokuhlanza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona izimpawu zomkhuhlane, ukuvuvukala umphimbo ithuthukisa futhi kukhona ukuluma ezandleni zakhe.

Izimbangela cadmium ubuthi

ubuthi heavy metal ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezinganeni, abanesifo sikashukela, abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo, bantfu labahlukumeta ugwayi. EJapane, cadmium ukudakwa kwenzeka ngenxa ukusetshenziswa irayisi kungangcoli. Kulokhu eba abantu bengasinaki, kuthinta izinso, amathambo ukuthambisa futhi deform.

izifunda athuthukile ukuphi zokuwuhluza elise futhi smelters, ezazidume ngokutshala yokuthi kukhona inhlabathi ingcoliswe cadmium. Uma izindawo ezifana etshalwa imikhiqizo isitshalo, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi kuzokwenzekani ushevu ngo izinsimbi ezisindayo.

Elementi inqwaba zingagcinwa in ugwayi. Uma impahla eluhlaza womile, okuqukethwe metal kwandisa kakhulu. Khipha ku-cadmium umzimba kwenzeka kokubili esebenzayo nalapho yokuhogela intuthu kagwayi. Livela umdlavuza wamaphaphu kuncike okuqukethwe metal emsini.

Ukwelashelwa ubuthi

Izimpawu ubuthi by cadmium:

• ukulimala isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko;
• izinhlungu elibukhali bezwe namathambo;
• amaprotheni ku umchamo;
• ezinso;
• ukungasebenzi kwekhono kwezitho zobulili.

Uma kube ubuthi acute, isisulu kufanele ibe ukushisa, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka umoya opholile kanye nokuphumula. Ngemva lavage esiswini, kufanele inikezwe ubisi olufudumele lapho ungeza baking soda kancane. Azikho sinqobe noma cadmium. Ukuze iwukudambisa metal wasebenzisa "Unitiol", ama kanye isisu. ukwelashwa Comprehensive kuhilela ukusetshenziswa cadmium abamelene (zinc, insimbi, AMINOBENZOTHIAZOLE, amavithamini). Ekuqiniseni Udokotela angase akunikeze ukudla equkethe semali cellulose futhi pectin.

imiphumela kungenzeka

A metal ezifana cadmium, ithonya phezu umzimba womuntu sina, futhi uma ubuthi kwalesi sakhi, kungaba nemiphumela eyingozi. It displaces calcium kusukela amathambo, sandla ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo. Ngo abadala nezingane iqala ukuze agobe emgogodleni bone deformity kwenzeka. Ngo ebuntwaneni, efana ubuthi kuholela encephalopathy esihlasela isimiso.

isiphetho

Ngakho thina zezikhali, okuyinto simele heavy metal ezifana cadmium. Umthelela on the isici womuntu lokhu kuyingozi ngempela. Kancane kancane buthelela emzimbeni, ke kuholela ekubhujisweni kwezitho eziningi. Ungakwazi ngisho get ubuthi cadmium, uma nidla okunobuthi ukudla inqwaba. imiphumela ushevu futhi anobungozi.