Izinyamazane White-tailed: incazelo, indlela yokuphila, hlobo lwesivikelo

Virginia (tailed) inyamazane - the subtype ezivamile eNyakatho Melika. Phakathi namanye amalungu kwezinhlobo ezinyamazane, lena enkulu. Isilwane ithakazelisa kakhulu, kuwufanele amaziyo eduze.

incazelo

Ebusika, lezi zinyamazane Virginian egqoke ukukhanya grey elingenamikhono, okuyinto ehlobo kuba ngokubomvu, mnyama ngemuva. Isihloko oyinhloko ifomu kwakubangelwa ezimhlophe yayo elikhanyayo ezansi umsila. Ukubona ingozi, izinyamazane elimhlophe-tailed Ukhumula egijima, ne umsila wakhe. Izihlobo ngaphawula elimhlophe endaweni yamahhashi, futhi, ukusheshe izithende zabo.

Guqula izimpondo okuyizinto abesilisa kuphela, kwenzeka emva kokuthi zikhwelwe. Beautiful, izimpondo inhlendla emise babe izinqubo eziningana - isilinganiso 6-7.
Usayizi inyamazane ihlukile - kuncike zenyathi.

Abesilisa belusele ezingxenyeni ezikude zenyakatho, ikhule ukuba 1-1.1 m ihlombe nesisindo kuze 150 kg. Izinsikazi kancane ezincane futhi kancane ngokukhanya njalo. Izilwane ezisele izingxenye eningizimu yezwekazi, sincane kakhulu. Kwezinye iziqhingi kwakufika kuhlale izinyamazane, musa idlule cm 60 at sokubuna. Isisindo ngu-35 kuphela kg. Ngakho nje ukwenyuka kancane kungenxa ukubhasha komzimba insular. Izimpilo Deer eNyakatho Melika, okuyisilinganiso seminyaka engu-10.

ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo

izinyamazane White-tailed iziprofetho ezitholakala kuyo ezwekazini ngisho ezikude imingcele eningizimu yeCanada ukuya enyakatho-Brazil ne-Peru. Lolu hlobo kubhekwa omunye ezivame kakhulu labo bakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezahlukene. Imihlambi kwalezi zilwane kungabonwa eNew England amahlathi, esingaweleki emaxhaphozini Everglades, phezu Prairies, kumuntu semi ezingafinyeleleki of Arizona neMexico.

E-Brazil, izinyamazane elimhlophe-tailed ugcwale emahlathini riparian, imithambeka esenyakatho-Andes ugu izihlahlana eyihlanze. izilwane Kwenzeka inqaba, emahlathini emvula kungukuthi bathandile - akukho muntu nhlobo. Nokho, kuzo zonke yaseNingizimu Melika neMelika Ephakathi Belohvostik lingandile kangako kuka eNorth.

nezimo High zezinto eziphilayo wamenza isivakashi wamukelekile ezindaweni eziningi. Ngakho, phakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule, izinyamazane elimhlophe-tailed eFinland jikisa ku ngenxa yokuletha uhlelo. Kamuva, zizalela izilwane ngokwemvelo kuxazululwe lonke eScandinavia. Futhi inyamazane kwalethwa eCzech Republic neRussia. Lolu hlobo ingenye eziyisikhombisa, uyiswa New Zealand sokuthuthukiswa ukuzingela.

indlela yokuphila

Ngokuvamile, isilwane luncanyelwa yokuphila ngedwa. Nokho, ngisho ngaphandle nenkathi yokukhwelana, abantu kwabobulili ungakheka iqembu siqala ethambile. Ngokumitha kwemihlambi ngaphakamisa besilisa insikazi ngempela disparate - ke akudingi ukudalwa ethathe.
Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-200 ngemva kokuzalela isizini amathole bazalwa. Ngokuvamile-ke kwenzeka-1-2 izinyane lembuzi, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kubonakale futhi ezintathu. Deer noboya Belokhvostikov, efana nezinye izinhlobo eziningi, embozwe amabala amhlophe.

eziwukudla

Yini udla inyamazane yalolu hlobo, akunjalo ivelele phakathi kwezinye ungulates: amaqabunga, efihlekile, amakhambi, amajikijolo, amagxolo.

Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, labo abafisa ukuba badle inyama Belokhvostikov eziningi: Cougars, coyotes, izimpisi, ama-jaguar, amabhere. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu akukholelwayo inyamazane whitetail inyamazane kakhulu.

usongo

Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ngaphambi kokufika abaMhlophe eNyakatho Melika, kwakukhona inyamazane elimhlophe-tailed yizigidi ezingu-40. AmaNdiya aye ezingelwa njalo lezi zilwane, kodwa umphumela labantu singanikezwanga. Abakhi bamakoloni aqala ukubulalana izinyamazane, hhayi kuphela ukukhiqizwa inyama, kodwa futhi isikhumba enhle, kodwa ngokuvamile kuphela ukuzijabulisa.

Ukusetshenziswa okunjalo "imithombo" okwaholela yokuthi ngu 1900, bashiya ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 500. Kusukela ngalowo mzuzu kuqhubeke umkhawulo ukuzingela lwaqala, Nokho, futhi namuhla isimo ezahlukene kwizindawo ezahlukene zaleli zwekazi. Kwezinye izindawo, inani cishe abuyiselwe, kuyilapho abanye ababheka ngayo ku engcupheni yokuqothulwa. Ngokuvamile, e-US kukhona million okwamanje 14 izilwane.

Ezinye subtypes, ngokuyinhloko owakhiwe izwekazi, babhekwa wabhubhisa cishe ngokuphelele futhi seziqothuliwe noma cishe yokuqothulwa. I IUCN Red List sakhiwe:

• Reef izinyamazane. Umhlali of the Florida Keys. I zenyathi ezincane kunazo zonke elimhlophe-Tailed. Ukuthwebula ngo-1945 kwaholela ekubeni iqiniso ukuthi kukhona amayunithi 26 kuphela ezisele. Izinyathelo ukuvikelwa kanye ukuvuselelwa sabantu sezishiye yini namuhla inombolo liye landa abantu 300. Kodwa ukuthutheleka izivakashi iziqhingi kwenza ukukhathazeka labantu obakhathalelayo.
• Columbia inyamazane elimhlophe-tailed. Kwakuthinta ogama lakhe behlonipha indawo yemvelo - eduze noMfula Columbia (Oregon naseWashington). Kule ndawo lokhu zenyathi cishe libhujiswa indoda, ngakho inani inyamazane iwela 300. Kuze kube manje, lo Belohvostik Colombian iyingozi okungenani, inani lawo lase linyuke 3,000.

Ezindaweni eziningi US ukuzingelwa inyamazane kuvunyelwe. Nokho, phakathi nenkathi umzingeli unelungelo ukubulala eyodwa kuphela ngabanye. Noma kunjalo, ubukhulu labantu kuyehla unyaka ngamunye, okuyinto ekhathaza kakhulu ochwepheshe.

izinyamazane White-tailed eRussia

Namuhla ezweni lethu liqukethe amaqembu amaningana inyamazane indawo ebiyelwe Smolensk, Nizhny Novgorod, Voronezh futhi Tver izifunda. Mhlawumbe kukhona amaqembu e-Republic of Karelia kanye Republic of Udmurtia.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyamazane, amazwe eFinland, bangene Leningrad esifundeni iminyaka engaphezu 8 iminyaka. Kusukela 2013, wathola isimo ngendlela ukuzingela.

Lesi simo kwenza inkinga wokutadisha kwezinhlobo okubaluleke ngokwengeziwe. Ukubuthelela inyamazane elimhlophe-tailed zikhulisa, ngenkathi isimo ifomu akachaziwe kuleli zwe. Kuyadingeka ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uthole ukuthi ngabe kuyingozi nezilwane zendawo, kungakhathaliseki lelive lidzinga lolu hlobo ukuzingela imithombo.

Ukuze izwe lethu, yoke imikhandlu efaneleko okwengeziwe kuyizimpawu eziphathelene umbono njengoba inani elandayo lezi zilwane avele ensimini ka-Russia. Yini edla izinyamazane, okuyinto ukhetha izindawo lapho izifo sici zilwane. Konke lokhu kubalulekile ukwazi, ukuze ubone uma kudingeka-ke amazwe isilwane.