Izinhlobo kakolweni nencazelo yawo

Ukolweni kungokwezibalo zezitshalo. Ngaphansi kwaleli gama, kuhlanganiswa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-15, ezihluka komunye nomunye ezakhiweni ezahlukene: okusanhlamvu, izimbali, nesakhiwo sezindlebe. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zokhula ezikhona, kubalulekile ukutadisha ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlobo zezitshalo zalesi sifo. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuqonda ukuthi kungani lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwenziwe njengoba nje kwenziwa, futhi ukukhomba izici ezihlukanisa izici zezinhlobo ezithile ezibalulekile.

Okuvame kakhulu

I-subspecies evamile kakhulu yekolweni yizinhlobonhlobo ezithambile. NgeLatin kunembile ukuwabiza ngokuthi iTriticum vulgare. Ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa lokho okukhona kwesitshalo esithile kulezi zilwane ngokutadisha isakhiwo sezindlebe. Kuyinto ekhululekile, akukho keel esikalini, ngenxa yokuthi okusanhlamvu kuvaliwe kuphela.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobo kakolweni ezinhlobonhlobo ezithambile zihlukile, ziqondiswa ubukhona be-awn: abanye banakho, abanye abakwenzi. Kulesi simo, kuzo zonke lezo zinhlobonhlobo ezine-awn (uma kungumbuzo wekolweni elithambile), isiqondiso se-spikelets sibonakala nge-lateral ehambisanayo. Kakade ukubonakala kukakolweni okukhulayo emasimini, ngaphandle kocwaningo olukhethekile, kusiza ukucaca esitshalweni sezinhlobonhlobo ze-spinous, bezo soft soft.

Lolu hlobo lwekolweni lunezici ezine ezihlukile: yizinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezinamahlamvu, ukuma kwazo, ukuvumelana nokuqina. Lesi sitshalo kaningi asinayo isisekelo esiqwini, kanti umbala wezinhlamvu uhlukile kakhulu: ezinye izinkambu zihlanjululwa ngokukhanya okubomvu, kanti ezinye zihlanzekile ngokuphelele. Izinhlamvu zivame ukuzungeza, ngokuma kwe-oval. Ngokuqondene nokuvumelana, kwezinye zezitshalo ezithile kungenzeka kube i-mealy, kuyilapho kwabanye kuyi-vitreous, nakuba ukolweni ukhona emasimini, okutholakala khona okusanhlamvu.

Yini enye okufanele uyiqaphele?

Uhlobo oluthambile lwesikoro sitshalo luhlukaniswa nesilevu. Ungayibona ngeso lengqondo, uma uhlola ngokucophelela okusanhlamvu. Le ndevu ingcono kakhulu, iqukethe izinwele ezinde.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili: izinhlobo "ukolweni webusika", kanye nokolweni kakolweni. Kukholelwa ukuthi kulezi zifunda lezi zingqimba ezingenakulungiswa zivela eningizimu, entshonalanga ye-Asia. Cishe, ekuqaleni bakhula enyakatho nasempumalanga ye-Afghanistan, ezindaweni ezisenyakatho zaseNdiya nasendaweni yezintaba manje ehlala eThajikistan. Kodwa ngokuqondene nokuqaphela amasu okucubungula nokuvuselela abantu, ukusabalalisa kwesiko sekukhule kakhulu, futhi namuhla, ngaphandle kweyodwa yezinhlobo zikakolweni, akunandaba ukuthi kunzima kangakanani ukucabanga impilo ephelele yomuntu.

Futhi yini eqinile?

I-Botany isitshela ukuthi akukhona nje kuphela uhlobo oluthile lokukolweni, kodwa futhi luqinile. Lezi zazi ziyaziwa ngokuthi "durum". Igama lesiLatin lalezi zihlukahlukene yi-Triticum durum. Ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene akulula, kuyanele ukutadisha indlebe. Zonke izinhlobo zokhuni ezinzima zinezinhlanzi ezincane, zithandwa kakhulu (ngokungafani okungajwayelekile). Izinhlobo ezingaqondakali zesayensi ziyaziwa, kodwa azivamile.

I-oss yenye yezinhlobo zikakolweni - eqinile - ibonakala ihle, ngesikhathi esifanayo iyasiza kwisitshalo ngokwaso. Izakhi ezindala-izinwele zikhulela eceleni kwendlebe, zibonakala zisakazeka ku-axis. Izikali zibizwa ngokucacile, ngenxa yokuthi okusanhlamvu kuhlanganiswa nabo futhi zivikelwe ezinkimbeni zangaphandle ezinonya.

Yini enye okufanele uyiqaphele?

Uma ucabanga ngezinhlobo eziqinile zokhula, ungabona ukuthi iziqu zazo zihlukile ezihlukahlukene ezilula - azilutho, kodwa zigcwele indwangu ebizwa ngokuthi ingqikithi. Isiqu asigcini ngaso sonke isikhathi kulo lonke ivolumu, kaningi kuphela engxenyeni engenhla.

Esinye isici esivela yizinhlobo zezinhlamvu zikakolweni. Ngokuvamile, ezinhlobonhlobo eziqinile, izinhlamvu zihlukaniswa, futhi uma zigawulwe ngecala, i-angular cut will be shown. Eziningi zezitshalo zinezinhlamvu ze-vitreous ngevevu cishe ezingabonakali iso. Ukwenza kube lula ukuqonda ngokucacile, okusanhlamvu kuzodingeka ukwandiswe hhayi ngaphansi kwezikhathi ezinhlanu.

Okuhle, okumnandi futhi okuwusizo

Izinhlobo ezinokolweni eziqinile zinikeza izithelo zomthunzi omuhle kakhulu. Iningi lethu kuleli zwe lihlakulela izinhlobo ezinjalo, okusanhlamvu zazo ezivuthiwe ziba yizinyosi. Kwamanye amazwe, izinhlobo ezihlinzeka okusanhlamvu komthunzi obomvu zivamile.

Ukholo olunzima kanzima entwasahlobo. Izitshalo zasebusika zingatshalwa eTranscaucasia. Kunqunywa yisimo sezulu: kunenkathi ebandayo ebandayo, ngenxa yokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhethiwe ezingasinda. Isibonelo, kuyisiko ukuhlwanyela ama-Apulicum ahlukahlukene.

IsiNgisikazi "turgidum"

Kukhona uhlobo oluthile lokukolweni, olubizwa ngesiLatin olubizwa ngeTritikum turgidum. Kodwa phakathi kwe-townfolk uyaziwa ngokuthi isiNgisi. Indlebe yalesi sitshalo ifana kakhulu nezinhlobo ezinzima, ngoba insimu ihlala isikhathi eside, ibonakala, futhi i-spike ngokwayo isinyene, esigabeni esinika isikwele noma umbuthano. Izinhlamvu eziningi zalezi zinhlobonhlobo, ezigcwele izikali, i-keel ngokushesha ibamba iso.

Noma kunjalo kuyisiko ukunikeza ukolweni lwesiNgisi eqenjini elikhethekile. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kusekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo azibonakali nje ngefomu le-spike, kepha liphinde libheke. Ngokuvamile iziqu zikhula kakhulu, kodwa ngaphakathi zigcwele izicubu ezikhethekile. Ukutshala okusanhlamvu - ama-ovals, eduze nemibuthano, ngesakhiwo, ngokungafani nezinhlobonhlobo eziqinile, ufulawa, i-semiclassical predominates. Kungenzeka ukuba sikhule ukolweni okwakhiwa kwentwasahlobo, kodwa futhi kuvunyelwe njengesitshalo sasebusika.

IsiPolish "polonikum"

I-Polonikum uhlobo lwengqolowa ukuthi ingcebo efana ne-rye ngezindlebe ezincane, eziphakeme, ezicebile zezindlebe. Ngokuvamile, lesi sitshalo sibizwa ngokuthi "rye-giant". Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isici esihlukile sezinhlobonhlobo yi-"iphepha" ukulingana kwezilinganiso zendlebe. Naphezu kokufana ne-rye, leli koro likhumbuza i-oats yesakhiwo se-keel - sincane kakhulu, cishe akunakwenzeka ukubona ngaphandle kokukhuliswa.

Uma lolu hlobo lokusanhlamvu luqala ukugoba, amasimu agcwele igolide elingu-amber, kodwa elincane kunelabazalwane. Ukolweni wasePoland ungakhula kuphela njengesiko sehlobo. ERussia, iyalinywa ezindaweni eziningana eduze kwaseCaucasus naseSiberia, kodwa lezi zitshalo zincane.

Isitshalo esingokolweni

NgeLatin, lokhu kuhlukahluka kubizwa nge-Tritikum Compactum. Leli gama linikezwe ngokungenangqondo, ngoba lesi sitshalo sinamatshe amancane. Bukani nabo - futhi kubonakala sengathi bacindezelwa. Kukhona kokubili ama-awn acebile, futhi empeleni ayenawo ama-species. Ngokuyinhloko ukolweni obuningi utshalwa njengesitshalo sasebusika.

Ukusanhlamvu kufana nalokhu okunikezwa ngezinhlobo ezithambile, kodwa usayizi obuncane. Ikhwalithi yemboni yokwenza isinkwa ngokolweni engamalutho ayiyona into ebalulekile, eyathinta ukusabalala kwalezi zinhlobo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo. Izinhlobo zikhula emasimini aseMelika, ase-Asia. ERussia, zikhulile ezindaweni ezizintaba ngaphesheya kweCaucasus. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezinhlobo ezincane ezizalwe ema-republics ase-Asia Ephakathi.

Isayensi isiqinisekisiwe

Isikolo siye saziwa ngabantu kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, ngenxa yokuthi abantu baqala ukuyifundela masinyane. Lokhu kwasenza sikwazi ukuqoqa ulwazi olunzulu lokuthi ukolweni lukhula kanjani, lukhula futhi luhlwanyele zonke izinhlobo nezinhlobo zekolweni. Enye yezinhlobo zekoro - ukupholisa - ngisho nokuhlabelelwa emlandweni owaziwa kakhulu waseRussia, kuze kube namuhla ezikoleni eziningi, izingane zifundiswa ngenhliziyo, noma ngabe yizicucu kuphela.

Abaqaphi bakakolweni abakhangayo ngenkathi yeSoviet Union. Ngaleso sikhathi sakwazi ukuhoxisa ngokusemthethweni lokho ngesikhathi sokutshala ukolweni kuyashintsha. Ngaphansi kwemoya yezemvelo, lesi sitshalo sithinta kancane kancane kusuka kwesinye isilwane kuya kwesinye. Yile ndlela izinhlobo ezinzima zekoro ezivela eziqinile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuhlangenwe nakho kokudluliswa phakathi kwebusika kanye nentwasahlobo kubonakala sengathi kuphumelele.

I-Polba: Sixoxa ngani?

Njengoba sikhuluma ngamazwi aseRussia asendulo, okusho izitsha eziyinhloko nemikhiqizo ye-cuisine, yendabuko yezikhathi zakudala, kubalulekile ukukhuluma ukuthi ungenye yezinhlobo zokuvuna ukolweni. Isici esihlukile salesi sigaba sikhombiswa lapho ukugaya, lapho ingqikithi yendlebe, ngokungafani nekolweni langempela, iphukile, ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye. Izitshalo zomuntu ngamunye, ezifihlekile ngaphambili kumafilimu ombala, zikhishwa ezigciniwe zokugcoba bese ziphuma, ezivumela ukuba ziqhubekele phambili.

Lo mkhiqizo ovamile esikhathini esidlule ulahlekelwe ukuthandwa kwawo esikhathini esidlule. I-polbu iyalinywa ngokujulile eChuvashia, eBashkiria, eTatarstan nasezindaweni eziningana ezizungezile, kodwa lokhu akufani nemigomo yangaphambilini eyenziwa kuleli zwe. Ekwaziswa ukuthi ifilimu ivikela okusanhlamvu ngomoya owomileyo, hhayi ukugwema ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokusanhlamvu liphansi kakhulu. I-Polska iyafaneleka ekukhiqizeni okusanhlamvu okuchotshoziwe. Ngendlela, ingabe uhlangane ne-crossword puzzles umbuzo othi "uhlobo lwakolo, izinhlamvu ezingu-7"? Futhi babuza lapha mayelana ne-flask, noma kunalokho, ngesinye sezinhlobonhlobo zayo. Yiyiphi? Funda kabanzi ngalokhu.

Yini esikhulayo?

Ngqolowa, eyaziwa yi-botany yesimanje, inamabomu amabili - ebusika, entwasahlobo. Noma kunjalo, kukhona ezinye ezinomhlobo owodwa kuphela. Ngaphezu kokuhlukaniswa kube yizihlukahluka ezimbili, kukhona ukwahlukana kube yizinhlobonhlobo. Lezi zizalela, ezomnotho. Uma uthatha izinhlobonhlobo ezithile futhi ufunde izinhlobo zayo eziphilayo, ungabona: izici ze-botanical zifana ngendlela yokuthi umehluko awutholakali.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kukhona umehluko emthamo wesitshalo okufanele uvunwe futhi ukuthi isitshalo sithinteka kalula kanjani ekutheleleni isifo. Izici ezihlukile kuyoba ubude benkathi yokuhlwanyela ekuvuneni, ikhwalithi eboniswa okusanhlamvu lapho kusetshenzwa nokupheka umkhiqizo ophelile. Uma kubalwa izitshalo zasebusika, zihlolwe ukulwa nemikhuhlane. Kodwa entwasahlobo, isibonakaliso esiyisihluthulelo siyoba namandla okuphila ngesomiso.

Abalimi bomgwaqo!

Laba balimi bangasebenza kahle, ngoba iziteshi ezikhethekile zihlomele. Kulezi zimo ezilungiselelwe lokhu, kungenzeka ukuba uthole izinhlobo okuthiwa izinketho. Ukufeza lokhu ngokuvamile ngokuwela izinhlobo. Akudingekile ukwehlisa okuthile kusuka ezinhlotsheni ezimbili zesitshalo esisodwa, ungazama ukwenza i-hybrid yezinto ezimbili ezihlukene. Isayensi iyaziwa ngamacala aphumelelayo okuwela ukolweni nge rye and wheatgrass. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalimi bakhetha izinhlobo nezimila ngabanye - kungaba massively noma ngabanye.

Abalimi basimanje basasebenza ngesisekelo semfundiso esakhiwe eminyakeni enguSoviet ngumsayense odumile uMichurin. Imiphumela iyamangalisa okuhle: izinhlobo ezinjalo ziye zatshengiswa ukuthi ziphikisana nezici ezingalungile, ngesikhathi esifanayo ziveza isivuno esikhulu futhi azidingi ngokukhethekile izimo. Uqinisekiswe ngokukhethekile emsebenzini owenziwe ngogesi wezinkolo uLysenko, owafakazela ukuthi ngomphumela omuhle esitshalweni ngezikhathi ezithile, kungenzeka ukuthi ushintshe uhlobo lwekolweni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ebusika singenziwa intwasahlobo, futhi uma kunesidingo, shintsha ushintsho.

Ayikwazi ukunqwabelana!

Kunzima ukucabanga ngempilo yethu ngaphandle kwemikhiqizo yokubhaka. Manje awukwazi ukucabanga ukuthi abantu baqagela kanjani ukuthi okusanhlamvu kungacutshungulwa futhi kuphekwe kuwo, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwaba ukuqagela ukuthi kwaba omunye owadala isiko lokudla emhlabeni wonke. Yini okumele ikhulume, ingabe ibonakala kuphela emndenini? Namuhla, kukhulunywa ngotshani yonke indawo nakuyo yonke indawo - ezincwadini, kumafilimu, kuqoshwe izithombe, ezikhonjiswe ezithombeni, okukhulunywa ngazo ezingoma nasezinkondweni. Ngendlela, uyayazi impendulo kumbuzo wokuqala we-crossword "izinhlamvu zikakolweni ezingu-7"? Ukukhetha okulungile "kusepelisiwe".

Emhlabeni wonke, ukolweni ungafakwa ngokufanele njengenye yezitshalo ezibaluleke kakhulu. Isetshenziselwa ukwenza ufulawa, okusanhlamvu, futhi lokhu kusinika ufulawa, ukudla okunama-confectionery kanye ne-pasta enomsoco. I-Vodka, ubhiya - konke lokhu kwenziwa ngokolweni.

Nguwe odlayo

Lesi siqubulo eminyakeni yamuva nje, abaningi banamathele, futhi okuyiqiniso akubonakali, kodwa kubonakala kuhle, lokhu akukhiphi. Kunoma yikuphi, ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukwazi ukuthi yini esiyidlayo - okungenani ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu kithi. Futhi yiyiphi into engcono kunazo zonke emhlabeni wekolweni? Eminyakeni yamuva, emphakathini wama-philistine, ukuqina kwangempela kwaqala ngamamaki aqinile. Kuzo zonke izinto zenziwa, futhi uma bebhala ngaphezulu emaphaketheni mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo, kubiza kakhulu ukuthi bazoyithatha kumthengi. Kodwa kungani izinhlobo eziqinile ngokuqondile "zazingxenyeni"?

Izinhlobo eziqinile zigcwele amaprotheni, i-carotenoids. Lesi sichaza sichaza umthunzi wezolimo zombili kanye nofulawa owenziwe kubo - unomshini wokhilimu. Ufulawa ngokwalo kunamafutha, okuchazwa ubunzima bezinto zokusetshenziswa. Lesi esinye sezici ezisivumela ukuba sikhulume ngekhwalen yekhwalithi ephezulu, ngenxa yokuthi inhlama iyanwebeka kanjani, iyanwebeka. Izinto ezinjalo zokusetshenziswa ziyadingeka ekulungiseleleni i-pasta eliphezulu, imango kanye neminye imikhiqizo yokudla. Ngokuvamile emaphaketheni eyenziwe ngemikhiqizo yengqolowa ye-durum ungabiza izikhombisi-ndlela: "durum", "di grano duro".

Futhi uma kulula?

Kule ngqolowa, ukuhlushwa kwamaprotheni akukona kakhulu, okuthinta izinga lomkhiqizo wokugcina. Izitshalo ze-starch ekugayeni ufulawa zinkulu, futhi zimhlophe, zihamba kahle, zihlupha. Le nto eluhlaza kufanele isetshenziswe, okwenza amabhisikidi kanye nokudala okudalwa kwamakhekhe amaningi. Ufulawa obuthakathaka obalulekile, uma kufanele upheke amaqebelengwane, amaqebelengwane.

I-Gluten: Sixoxa ngani?

Izwi lizwakala yilowo nalowo, kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu ongazichaza. Ngabe kunjalo? Ngokolweni ofanayo kune-gladin, glutenin. Kuvela kubo i-gluten eyakhiwa. Iprotheyini inezinkomba ezithile ezifanele, ezibalulekile kumuntu. Zithathwa ufulawa ngezinhloso ezithile. Uma kuhlangana namanzi, ikhwalithi ye-gluten inquma ukuthi umphumela uyaphakanyiswa yini.

Abambalwa kakhulu bazi ngokwabo ukungezwani komzimba ku-gluten. Lokhu akumangazi, amaprotheni ayenjalo ngempela ukuthi akuwona wonke umzimba womuntu ongakwazi ukuwuphatha. Eminyakeni yamuva, amacala okungahambisani kwe-gluten aqoshiwe kaningi. Akunakucatshangwa ukuthi i-gluten ingena ekudleni okwenziwa izinsana - ezinganeni ezincane, i-tract emathunjini ayinamandla okubhekana nesiprotheni. I-Gluten ivame ukungezwa kwezinye izinto ezingekho ngaphambi kwenyanga yesishiyagalolunye, ngokuvamile - esikhathini esizayo. Ngakho-ke, umango, owuthandwa abaningi kusukela ebuntwaneni, uma uneminyaka engangonyaka ungeke udliwe.

Ukudla

Izinhlobo eziningana zekoro zisetshenziselwa amakhomikhali amaningi ukwenza okusanhlamvu. Izinhlamvu zigajwe kakhulu, lapho zicutshungulwa, zisusa zonke amagobolondo, imibungu. Kuyinto yesiko ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezahlukene, izinombolo zokusanhlamvu kakolweni. Ukuhlukaniswa iziqephu kusekelwe endleleni yokucubungula, izinhlamvu zezinhlamvu:

• Usayizi;
• Ifomu.

Ngokuvamile lapho kuthengiswa ukolweni ophuzi ophuzi kuhanjiswa. Lo mbala ubangelwa ukuthi umkhiqizo wenziwa kusukela kukolweni kakolweni. Kodwa ungathola futhi ube nomthunzi omncane kakhulu othakazelisayo we-gray. Umbala kusho ukuthi ekukhiqizeni kwawo kuthathwe isivuno sekolweni ebusika.

Noma yikuphi ukolweni onzima kuyisitolo sokugcina samaprotheni, futhi ukudla okwenziwe kuwo kukuvumela ukuba ushaye amandla ngokushesha futhi isikhathi eside. Izitsha ezinjalo zihlonishwa kakhulu yibo abahola impilo ekhuthele, bathuthele okuningi, basebenze kanzima. Kumuntu omdala ongatholi ukungahambisani kwe-gluten, izitsha zokukolweni eziqinile zigaya ngokushesha futhi kalula, zingabandakanywa kwimenyu ngezidlo eziningi. Ukuze ungadli i-pasta, vumela i-porridge, igarnishes.

Izinhlobo zokolweni: i-bulgur

Ukolo ogazingiwe senziwa ngokuyisisekelo ka durum. Le nqubo kanje: okusanhlamvu okuvuniwe splash umusi ngumuntu ubuchwepheshe esikhethekile womile selangeni, sihlanza nepepper. Yiqiniso, le ndlela yokuqala eyaziwa isikhathi eside, kuyaqabukela esetshenziswa kulezi zinsuku, okuningi Drain ekhiqizwa izindlela lobuchwepheshe ukuthi kancane kwehlisa izinga umkhiqizo futhi ukunambitheka izitsha ezenziwe kwalo.

Njengoba kakade ngesikhathi yokukhiqiza esiteji okusanhlamvu babe umusi iphathwa esikhathini esizayo, ukupheka zabo ezinde liyadingeka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lezi ukudla ezinothe ngamavithamini, elahlekile enqubeni ukupheka. Ukolo ogazingiwe lubaluleke irayisi, amasaladi kanye nesobho. Kodwa khumbula: ligcwele gluten, ngakho ukudla nge-yokungezwani komzimba ukuze amaprotheni akukwazi.

ukolo ogazingiwe Ode

Engxenyeni YaseYurophu iRussia ngecala ezisenyakatho izwe le uhlobo lomkhiqizo kakolweni ifikile esanda kutholakala, kwabaningi, futhi kuze kube namuhla iyisibiliboco, namanje engahloliwe. Futhi kuwufanele ukuzama. Ngaphandle ayegcwele, ocebile bumnandi, lamabele has a ukunambitheka esiyingqayizivele - okusikhumbuza namantongomane.

Ukuze ukolo ogazingiwe wabonisa ngokugcwele ukunambitheka kanye ukunambitheka kwakhe nezici, ngaphambi ukupheka kuyadingeka ukuze calcine kuyo namafutha amancane epanini ukuthosa efana "Wok". Thatha amafutha: yemifino, amafutha omnqumo, ghee, ibhotela. Kukholakala ukuthi inketho yokugcina ukuthi uhamba phambili. Wakhe stoked uthele ukolo ogazingiwe ezingcolile, ivuse gazinga kuze ekhishini akusho ukukhasa elimnandi namantongomane. Kube iphunga? Excellent, inqubo agelezela esigabeni esilandelayo - uthele pan eminye imikhiqizo wakhulelwa iresiphi futhi ulungiselele nakakhulu njengoba ezazivame ukwenza ngayo. Ukolo ogazingiwe kufanelekile zonke izinhlobo izitsha, ngakho uzizamele kanye ziphuphe ngokolweni kungaba okungenasiphelo.