Izimiso eziyisisekelo PLO kanye nokusetshenziswa yabo

ulwazi olujwayelekile

OOP - kuyinto isitayela izinhlelo elabonakala 80 CE ekhulwini lama-20. Ngokungafani izilimi zenqubo lapho idatha kanye nemiyalelo izocubungulwa zabo khona eceleni, izinhlelo into-ngamakhasimende, lolu lwazi kuhlangene zibe yomkhakha owodwa.

izimiso eziyisisekelo PLO

Ngo isofthiwe into-izinhlelo has postulates lalo. OOP izimiso - kuyinto imibono yawo ebanzi. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ebaluleke kakhulu kubo: ifa, polymorphism kanye encapsulation. Ngezansi ngamunye izobuyekezwa kabanzi. Kubaluleka izinhlelo ngezilimi OOP kukhona ukusetshenziswa izinto kanye amakilasi. Ngo aphuma isitayela zenqubo yokuloba ikhodi yomthombo ukuphikisa ngamakhasimende bahlangabetana nebumatima, Nokho, onjiniyela kakhulu uzothola amathuba amaningi PLO.

encapsulation

Encapsulation - ukusetshenziswa kwedatha Fusion kanye nemiyalelo izocubungulwa yabo yomkhakha owodwa - isigaba. Ngesikhathi sokuloba izinhlelo kwelinye izilimi OOP kunomahluko phakathi ulwazi ngaphakathi nangaphandle inhlangano. ekufezeni Ngakho zokuphepha nezindlela kokusebenza kwabo idatha amathonya zangaphandle, isibonelo, kusuka kwamanye amakilasi ezingavikelekile ezihlobene lento. Phakathi ngokuyisisekelo idatha ngempumelelo nihlanganyele, kodwa bavikelekile ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kusuka ngaphandle.

ifa

Isimiso sesibili ka OOP - ifa - yikhono isigaba esisodwa izindlela ukusetshenziswa nezinye ngaphandle kokuphindaphinda ukuqaliswa zabo zangempela. Ifa aqede komsebenzi ikhodi yomthombo.

polymorphism

Esinye isimiso of OOP - Polymorphism. Ukusetshenziswa Its kusho aphethe izinjongo ntshashintshe yinkimbinkimbi ungakha esibonakalayo olulodwa ezokwenza basabela ngokungefani izenzakalo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ilungelo ukusebenzisa imisebenzi.

izilimi OOP

izimiso OOP asetshenziswa ezifana ethandwa kakhulu izinhlelo ngezilimi ezifana C ++ futhi Java, okuyinto ithuthukiswe ingxenye enkulu izinhlelo zokusebenza. Kukhona futhi kancane esetshenziswa OOP izilimi - kuyinto Delphi, Into Pascal, Ruby nabanye abaningi.

PLO ukugxekwa

Naphezu izitatimende ngokuvamile omuhle ekufezeni le indlela, ngokuvamile izimiso OOP dalula wagxeka. Njenganoma izinhlelo zenqubo e OOP has nezihibe.

Okokuqala, ubunkimbinkimbi inguquko. Ukuze uqonde izimiso OOP, kudinga isikhathi esiningi, abantu abangaphezu ukusebenzelana eduze kuphela zenqubo izilimi izinhlelo.

Okwesibili, ukuntuleka imibhalo kunzima kakhulu ngoba kudingeka singagcini nje ngokuzuza ukuchaza kuzigaba nezinto, kodwa futhi izigameko ezithile kokusebenza kwabo.

Okwesithathu, ukushintsha-shintsha ngokweqile izindlela kungaholela yokuthi ikhodi yomthombo futhi zasungula izinhlelo ngeke wehlelwe engaphiwanga kule ndaba, izici namakhono. Ngaphezu kwalokho, qaphela ngokudonsa izinyawo ngokuya inkumbulo Kwabiwa. Nokho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inani eliphelele lokubukwa ezungezile OOP program sanda futhi ngokushesha socwaningo izilimi ngokwabo.