Izhevsk: labantu, usayizi waso kanye nokusungulwa yobuhlanga

Izhevsk, ogama labantu eminyakeni yamuva nje kuphela uhlaliseke, kodwa futhi anda kancane, omunye amabili emadolobheni emaningi yezwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isakhiwo sayo sezenhlalo, izinguquko kuwo kule minyaka engamashumi amabili, kubonise izinqubo ukuthi kunqunywe ekuthuthukisweni komnotho welizwe, ezombusazwe kanye namasiko esifundeni.

Izhevsk - ukuziqhenya umkhakha Russian

Inhloko-dolobha ye-Republic of Udmurtia wathola isimo edolobheni zokuhlala kuphela ngemva Okthoba Revolution ngo-1918. Nokho, kula mashumi eminyaka, sekwenziwe eqa omkhulu phambili kokubili ngokoMthetho ukuthuthukiswa kwamabubulo kwamasiko. Ukwabela Labor Inkazimulo isimo umuzi wawuyigolide yalokho okunengqondo zonke izinqubo ezenzeka lapha kulo kwekhulu lamashumi amabili.

Inani labantu base-emzini Izhevsk idume namasiko alo emasimini ahlukahlukene bamasiko, isayense, imfundo, yebo, ekukhiqizeni ngamanani amancane impumelelo yayo, talent, ukuzikhandla kanye indlela yokudala kunoma ibhizinisi. Inhloko-dolobha ye Udmurtia - idolobha sezizwe ezihlukahlukene. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, naye isibonelo kuwo wonke amadolobha kanye ezifundeni wezwe lakithi, bangakwazi ukuhlangana kahle futhi kube nezithelo babambisane Russian futhi Isi-Udmurt, Mordvinians futhi AmaTatar, Ukraine namaJuda.

Izhevsk: isibalo sabantu

Ngokusho imibiko kwezibalo zakamuva, izinkomba ambalwa of Izhevsk labantu eminyakeni yamuva rose abantu kungathi izinkulungwane eziyisihlanu futhi manje akhawunti kubantu obakhathalelayo 649.000.

Abathandwayo futhi lo mkhuba: kusukela ngo-1993 kuya ku-2011, inani labantu basemadolobheni unqabe kancane kancane, futhi kule minyaka emine edlule inani izakhamizi enhlokodolobha yase Udmurtia lande ngamaphesenti abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili. Izizathu zalokhu mkhuba kuzoxoxwa ngezansi, kodwa lapha kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi abantu abahlala Izhevsk - amaphesenti angaphezu kwamashumi amane ezigcwele zabantu babo esifundeni. Lesi sithombe, ngasendleleni, sici ngoba cishe njalo isihloko Russian Federation.

isakhiwo ucansi

Inani labantu base-Izhevsk kungabhekwa njengokuvikela ukuncishiselwa, okunikeza umqondo wokuthi ubulili nobudala isakhiwo sabantu kulo lonke elaseRussia. Ngakho, ngokuvumelana ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, inani eliphelele amadoda omuzi nje phezu amaphesenti amane, kuyilapho iphesenti labesifazane e eduze ayisithupha.

Hhayi isithombe ujabule kakhulu livela, uma siphendukela engu begodu nesakhiwo labantu edolobheni. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kule minyaka yamuva inani kokubili amadoda nabesifazane nakuba ayengazi ngokushesha kakhulu, kodwa yanyuka iphesenti labantu zokusebenza e isakhiwo isiyonke abakhileyo kwemiphakathi yasemadolobheni baqhubeka ukuncipha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mkhuba kungenzeka kakhulu ukuqhubeka eminyakeni ezayo. Into wukuthi kancane kancane umhlalaphansi, abantu abazalelwa 1950-1960, kodwa esikhundleni ezimbalwa kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yesimo esinzima yabo kuleli ngokwezibalo zika-1990, lapho kwaba nenkinga yangempela yezibalo.

Izhevsk. Population. ubuzwe

Kusukela iphuzu Ngenxa ngezithako zawo kazwelonke we-dolobha ye-Isi-Udmurt Republic iyisici ethakazelisa kakhulu. Into wukuthi, ngokwesilinganiso, ngezindinganiso isiRashiya, edolobheni imelelwa ezingaphezu kwekhulu ezizweni.

Lokhu Ukwakheka kwamiswa lapha akukhona ngephutha. Uzindla kokubili umlando esifundeni, okuyinto ugxile ngomqondo ongokoqobo of lonke umbuso sezizwe ezihlukahlukene isiRashiya, futhi izici zendawo. Into wukuthi endaweni Udmurtia endulo owakhiwe futhi abameleli bezizwe eziningi, abantu nezizwe. Iningi lazo ezisekhona kuze kube namuhla.

Waphenduka wabheka la izinombolo ethize ke umbuzo "Uyini labantu Izhevsk" kungaba ziphendula ngokuqiniseka thina: 'Russian "Iqiniso liwukuthi abantu abangaphezu 68% izakhamuzi zomuzi wakubo abangaphansi kwalesi isizwe. By the way, mayelana amazinga ezinjalo eyishumi yokugcina amandla Soviet. Njengoba isizwe titular WeRiphabhulikhi YaseNingizimu Afrika, we-Isi-Udmurt nanhlanu amaphesenti unethemba endaweni yesibili.

Uma sikhuluma bezinye izizwe ezinkulu amelwe Izhevsk, ku emihlanu phezulu, ngaphezu kwalezo kakade ngenhla, futhi zihlanganisa AmaTatar, Ukraine futhi Azerbaijanis. Nokho, inombolo yokugcina akuyona ezingaphezu kuka-0.3%.

Ukuze abantu bezizwe ezihlukahlukene, abameleli okuyinto bahlala inhlokodolobha wokungenisa izihambi of Udmurtia, zihlanganisa Chechens, bessermyan namaGreki. Inombolo yabo ingeqi abantu 150.

izinkolo ezinkulu

Izhevsk, ogama labantu akuyona kuphela phakathi kwamasiko amabili, multi-ngokuthanda inkolo kodwa futhi ingenye izibonelo yesiteleka kakhulu ukubekezelelana enkolweni eRussia.

Imiphakathi yenkolo ngobukhulu emzini kukhona Orthodox, futhi Izhevsk sekuyisikhathi eside yokuhlala Metropolitan of Izhevsk futhi Udmurtia, endaweni okuyinto njengamanje kunesithembiso Metropolitan UNicholas.

Umphakathi ngobukhulu bangamaSulumane. Mosque siqala edolobheni ezinsukwini yombuso. Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo izikhungo ezintathu, ngaphezu, ekudaleni nokuqaphela lesifunda Administration Ezingokomoya amaSulumane.

Ngaphezu ezimbili Izhevsk main ngempela ngempumelelo usebenza abameleli izinkolo, amaBuddha, amaProthestani, Old Amakholwa, amaMormon.

Migration kanye nomthelela wakhona isibalo sabantu e Izhevsk

A nomthelela obalulekile isithombe lokubala ubuningi babantu nobuzwe okuyizona zinto Izhevsk ine kufuduka zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Kusukela nenkathi yamaSoviet, inhloko-dolobha Isi-Udmurt Republic ngokuba "imali enkulu" kwavela ikakhulukazi intsha, uzoluthola umsebenzi omuhle amabhizinisi yezimboni edolobheni. Ngokuphathelene ukufuduka ngaphakathi, lapho Izhevsk likhanga kakhulu emehlweni izakhamuzi nemizana amancane asemaphandleni, ngisho nakwamanye amadolobha. Abaningi iyinhloko-dolobha ye esifundeni exhumene amathemba kumsebenti intuthuko iholo ehloniphekile.

Njengamanje, isimo kucishe. Izhevsk, ogama labantu cishe engamashumi amabili ilandelana lancipha, wakwazi ukulondoloza isimo sayo njengomholi omunye wemizi emikhulu kakhulu eRussia, ngokuyinhloko ngenxa kwatheleka njalo ababaleki.

Ngokusho ukuphathwa kwezibalo weRiphabhulikhi yonyaka kufuduka inzuzo kule minyaka emihlanu edlule kufana abantu mayelana 1,300. I akuxhomekile eyinhloko izivakashi ukuza lapha avela khona kanye Udmurtia futhi Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, engumakhelwane Kirov esifundeni ngisho eMoscow futhi Petersburg. Rides abantu iningi lawo kungabazalwane abasebasha ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-30, kodwa ukushiya lapha ikakhulukazi abantu "abangekho emashumini amane."

Ingabe Zikhona Izimo Ezenza kahle ukuthonya isimo lokubala ubuningi babantu e Izhevsk

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, inani labantu emzini Izhevsk ezinsukwini zokugcina imizi emine ukhula kancane. Lokhu ukukhula Yiqiniso, akuyona njengoba umxhwele njengoba livele engxenyeni 1980 yesibili, kodwa ngemva njalo izibalo negative iminyaka engu-20, kusukela ngo-1993, lo mkhuba obukeka wethembisa kakhulu. Izinto eziyinhloko okuyinto yathonya ushintsho abukhali anjalo esikhathini isimo kanje.

Okokuqala, lokhu nokwanda okuphawulekayo okuzala. Ixhumeke kokubili nge izinqubo zemvelo (uyozala ekuqaleni isizukulwane 80), kanye ne imizamo State (womama dolobha zesifunda izinhlelo izindlu imindeni abasha).

Okwesibili, ngokweqile njalo bengena emzini phezu lemali, kusale abakhileyo kulo.

Ekugcineni, endaweni yesithathu, indima ebalulekile Dynamics omuhle zokwenyuka kwenani labantu nokusimama kwezomnotho kudlalwa, setha esifundeni kowezi-2000.

imikhuba emibi

Naphezu mkhuba ngokuvamile omuhle eminyakeni yamuva, eziningi eziphathelene nenani labantu ushintsho inhloko-dolobha Udmurtia, zibukeka ngendlela eshaqisayo. Okokuqala kumayelana ukuhamba phambili ngokukhula ngo okwehlisa kule minyaka emibili edlule. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu wambona ukwehla kancane kancane isibalo sabesifazane abaneminyaka yobudala evundile. Ngemva kwalokho, cishe kakhulu ukubona isimo, lapho izinga lokufa uyaphinda ephakeme kunaleyo izinga lokuzalwa, esizukulwaneni 1990 ngokuya ubuningi kakhulu kunabayeni isizukulwane 80s.

Okwesibili, Izhevsk, ogama labantu uhlala engazinzile kakhulu, iyaqhubeka iba idolobha eliphezulu kakhulu lapho bebeletha. Ikakhulukazi ayinandaba iqiniso lokuthi abantu abaningi ababehlala lapho zokusebenza yobudala bayafa. Lokhu kubathinta kabi kokubili abasebenzi ezingaba komuzi namathemba ahambisana nako yezibalo.

Ekugcineni, okwesithathu, labantu Izhevsk, kanye emzini Russia, kuyinto encike ngqo kwi isimo somnotho esifundeni neRussia iyonke. zinhlekelele abasafufusa eminyakeni yamuva is ngokucacile nomthelela yokuthi imindeni abasha isiqalo abashisekayo izingane yesibili futhi okwalandela.

Izindlela ukuxazulula inkinga

Ayikho izixazululo olulodwa ukuze lapho umuntu enezinkinga ezihambisana Ukuwohloka isimo sabantu, yebo, alikho, kodwa ngokuya Izhevsk, ungasebenzisa amaphuzu alandelayo.

Okokuqala, uze kuqala iziphathimandla zendawo kufanele inikwe ze ngemibono kwetindlela tekuphila temndeni, indima omkhulu ngumama kwetinhlavu umuntu ngamunye.

Okwesibili, kubalulekile ukwenza ngcono uhlelo lwezempilo, njengoba ukuguga kancane kancane labantu nakanjani kuyoholela ukwanda ukuvakashela odokotela.

Okwesithathu, Izhevsk, ogama labantu e nenkathi yamaSoviet libhekene onekusasa yesayensi nezezimboni, kumelwe alwele abantu abanekhono eliphezulu lezemfundo. Isisekelo lokhu kufanele ukukhulisa izinga kwetinsita tekufundza.