Izakhi eziyinhloko zezintaba zezintaba. Uyini umgogodla wezwe?

Iyini i-ridge? Leli gama lisetshenziswe ngezincazelo ezintathu ezahlukene:

• Njengendlela ebizwa ngayo umgogodla wezilwane;
• Njengengxenye yesistimu yezintaba noma izwe;
• Ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso: njengesisekelo noma okuyinhloko yento ethile.

Kulesi sihloko, sizogxila kulokho okuyi-backbone geography. Ubukeka kanjani? Yiziphi izakhi ezenziwa? Kulesi sihloko uzothola uhlu lwezintaba ezinkulu kunazo zonke zomhlaba.

Izinketho zesistimu yezintaba. Iyini i-ridge?

Uhlelo lwezintaba (izwe noma nje izintaba) luhlobo lwenkululeko yeplanethi, equkethe izakhi eziningana zesakhiwo. Phakathi kwabo:

• Izintaba zezintaba;
• Ukuthunjwa kwe-Intermontane nezigodi;
• Ama-vertic ngamunye;
• Izintaba zezintaba;
• Iziqhingi nezintaba zamagquma.

Masihlale eminye imininingwane engxenyeni yokuqala kulolu hlu. Ngakho-ke, uyini umgogodla? Leli fomu elihle kakhulu elihle, elihle, elilinganiselwe, eliqukethe uketshezi lwama-vertices ngayinye. Noma yiluphi uhla lwezintaba lunezici ezimbili ezihlukene: i-crest nemithambeko, eqondiswa ezikhombini ezihlukile. Lezi zinsuku, njengomthetho, zihluke kakhulu ekuhambeni kwazo.

Izindawo eziphakeme eziphakeme zezintaba zivela emamitha ambalwa ambalwa kuya amakhilomitha amaningana. Ekude, bangafinyelela amashumi amaningana namakhulu amakhilomitha. Ngefomu, le migwaqo iyalandelwa noma ijika (uhlobo lwesibili lwenzeka kaningi emvelweni).

Ukusebenzisana kwemigwaqo. Izintaba ezinkulu kakhulu zezintaba zomhlaba

Sithole ukuthi yimuphi umgwaqo. Manje ake sithole ukuthi izintaba zithintana kanjani , futhi yiziphi izinhlobo zokuphumula ezakhiwe.

Uma ama-ridge amabili atholakala eceleni futhi ahambisana nomunye nomunye, khona-ke i-lowland ikhiwa phakathi kwabo, okuthiwa ukubola kwe-geomorphology. Ngokuvamile, umbhede wesikhungo samanzi esincane sakhiwa phansi, ngoba amanzi ahlakazeka kusuka kokubili emithambekeni.

I-intersection yamagquma amabili noma ngaphezulu ubizwa ngokuthi i-knot yasezintabeni. Kodwa uhlelo lwezinqola eziningana ezifakwe ngokulinganayo libizwa ngokuthi i-mountain chain.

Ngezansi uhlu lwezintaba eziyishumi ezinkulu kunazo zonke zeplanethi (ku-parentheses indawo yabo nobude obuphelele buboniswa):

• I-Vernadsky (i-Antarctica, i-2400 km).
• I-Coastal (eCanada, 1600 km).
• I-Verkhoyansk (eRussia, 1200 km).
• I-Sikhote-Alin (eRussia, 1200 km).
• I-Caucasus Main (eRussia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, 1100 km).
• I-Aleutian (i-USA, 1000 km).
• UMugodzhary (Kazakhstan, 650 km).
• Abakansky (eRussia, 300 km).
• I-Zailiysky Alatau (Kazakhstan, 280 km).
• Agrydag (Turkey, 200 km).

Ngokuvamile, imigwaqo iyingxenye yezintaba ezinkulu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi bangaba nokubonakala kwezakhiwo ezizimeleyo ze-geomorphological.