Iwayini odumile France. Ukwahlukanisa Iwayini French

IFrance esifundeni endala e-Europe, lapho izinkulungwane zeminyaka uyaqhubeka ukwenza iwayini lako isiko. Kulapha e ekhulwini lesi-6 BC Dionysus wazalwa isiphuzo zasebukhosini.

Kanjani ukukhetha iwayini?

Ukukhethwa gourmet izinhlobo French ngeke kube nzima, kodwa, ukuze abantu engaqaliwe zokwehlukahlukana kwesintu ungavula inhloko. Ngaphambi kokuba uthenge qiniseka ukuhlola amalebula kwilebula ibhodlela. Wakhuluma ukuthi ibanga, inani degrees, uhlobo, ukwakheka kanye nezinye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ukuthi akuzona kudingekile ukuze ashalazele.
Hhayi ezingabalulekile kangako lapho ukhetha iwayini IFrance Usuku lokukhishwa nendawo ukwakhiwa. kumele kube izimpawu ezifanele ehlukile, isibonelo kophawu noma isignesha on the amabhodlela uphawu izinhlobo zasebukhosini.

Lapho uthenga iwayini awukwazi miss a imininingwane eyodwa, ngisho indlela enza. Uma isiphuzo ikhishwe ezikulesi simila, kungase kube yimpuphu. Ukwakheka lokhu isici ongaxazulula ngisho indoda elula emgwaqweni. Kunoma ikuphi, ngaphambi kokuthenga kufanele usazi isigaba, uhlobo uhlobo iwayini.

Kusigaba varietal Ukwakheka

Abelana iwayini kungaba ngezizathu ezahlukene, isib okuqukethwe carbon dioxide, noma ushukela. Nokho, oyinhloko grade ngezigaba. gourmets True unake okukhethekile ke. Ukwahlukanisa iwayini waseFrance ngesisekelo:

- monosepazhnye (wenziwe ngesinye yamagilebhisi);
- assamblyazhnye (ikhiqizwa ingxube zinhlobo ezahlukene).

Iziphuzo zihlukaniswe ku okuqukethwe carbon dioxide. Lapha secrete iwayini onokuthula elikhazimulayo. France ubelokhu idume "igwebu" izinhlobo zayo ezifana Foro, futhi domain njalo. Iwayini ethule bebengenayo carbon dioxide, futhi elikhazimulayo - okuphambene. Kuze kube manje, kuba uhlobo lwesibili okudume kakhulu ephezulu ekupheleni zokudla emhlabeni wonke.
Ngu ezingeni yewayini ushukela eyomile, semi ezomile kanye dessert ukuthi lumnandi noma semisweet. Njengoba utshwala, konke kuncike indlela ukuvutshelwa. Inani utshwala ziyahlukahluka kuze kufinyelele 23%.

Quality Ukwahlukanisa

Ababaningi abantu bazi ukuthi iwayini isiFulentshi enongiwe yenziwe ngobudlabha. Eyokuqala izinga ezingeni nje libhekisela ezinjalo. Lokhu VDT ejwayelekile, okusho izinhlobo etafuleni. Elenziwe ngamagilebhisi avame kwanda nakwamanye amazwe ubuchwepheshe bendawo. Ngokuvamile, lezi iwayini kukhona assamblyazhnymi. kubo kukhona okuncane, ngakho intengo iphansana. utshwala okuqukethwe - kufika ku-15%.

Eyesibili ezingeni izinga - VDP, noma izinhlobo "wendawo". Okufuneka iziphuzo ezifana lisetudlwana kuka ekamelweni lokudlela. Bayobizwa elenziwe ngamagilebhisi likhule kuphela ensimini ethile ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Lezi izinhlobo angaphansi yokunambitha obuphelele. Rich ukunambitheka izici futhi aqukethe hhayi ngaphansi kuka-9% utshwala. Izindleko ibhodlela nokulinganisela kuncike ezihlukahlukene.

Iningi iwayini engcono waseFrance basonta isigaba AOC. Yonke inqubo ukukhiqiza kusukela yokuvuna ukuba bottling ilawulwa umsebenzi okhethekile. Kukhona ibalulekile yonke imininingwane amagilebhisi etshalwa, kanjani futhi kuphi lapho agcinwe nokuthi khama, singakanani isikhathi kuba nemibhikisho ngisho kwezinye imiphongolo. Monitoring Kwenziwa ngokuqinile ngokuvumelana nemithetho. Ekupheleni iwayini ithunyelwa Commission endaweni yokucwaninga ucwaningo bese kuphela ukunambitha. Ukuthi umenzi lithole imvume ukukhulula isiphuzo, umkhiqizo wawo kuyadingeka ukuze baphumelele ukuhlolwa kweshumi, kodwa indlela kuphela kuzuzwe umphumela ephelele. Ukuqonda ukuthi siyini lesi French iwayini ngezigaba kungasiza abathengi ongenakho okuhlangenwe nakho ukuba ukhethe elungile yohlobo oluthile. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi iziphuzo akhiqizwa ezifundeni olwamukelwa (Bordeaux, Burgundy, Languedoc, nokunye. D.), Ingabe oluthathwa ngokuzenzakalelayo njengoba AOC. Ukuba Ngowenkolo izinga elithile izinga njalo wabonisa kwilebula, kanye insimu okwakuhlala kuyo amagilebhisi ayesekhulile. Kwamanye amabhodlela ungathola okucashunwe «uNdunankulu cru» noma «grand cru» - lokhu kuyinto ngezigaba ezengeziwe ekhombisa umkhiqizo ebangeni ephakeme.

Bordeaux iwayini

Lezi izinhlobo amaFulentshi yomdabu baziwa "njengelinye izipho zezilwandle." Iqiniso lokuthi amazwe iwayini zitholakala phakathi kwemifula ezintathu: Garonne, Dordogne futhi Gironde. Phakathi izifunda elite ukunikeza Burzhe-Blaye, Liburne, Entre-Deux-Mer, Soterne nabanye. Le ndawo esikhulu senziwa kuphela iwayini Bordeaux. EFrance kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 wayedume kulo lonke sibonga wonke ukuba izinhlobo ezifana Chateau Margaux, Semillon futhi Cabernet Franc.

Bordeaux iwayini kukhona luhluke abanye. Isizathu salokhu kungenzeka izinto ezifana sezulu onomoya kanye nesakhiwo esithile kwenhlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphela winemakers ezihamba phambili kusukela ezweni lonke ukusebenza kule ndawo. Ohlangothini plus lezi izinhlobo nokuthi ukusondela olwandle, okuyinto kunomphumela ezuzisayo phezu ikhwalithi vintage.

Bordeaux ubhekwa iwayini engcono assamblyazhnyh Europe. Izinhlobonhlobo bendabuko ezimhlophe zihlanganisa Semillon, Sauvignon futhi Muscadelle. France amawayini abomvu akhiqizwa endaweni Bordeaux: Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Malbec, Petit Verdot nabanye. Ngayinye yalezi izinhlobo lezimanga for yokuphila kwabo isikhathi eside, ukunambitheka obucayi ukuthungwa esiyingqayizivele. Isinyathelo ahlukene line Ezinqaba Margaux, okuyinto kubhekwa elite kakhulu "isipho zezilwandle."

iwayini burgundy

Lezi izinhlobo eyakhe kuphela ephezulu "Premium '. iwayini Burgundy waseFrance ube elithambile elinuka aftertaste futhi acerbity okuncane.

Emabangeni Joseph Drouhin futhi Faiveley, eyabonakala ngasekupheleni 90s, e ephelele ngokuvumelana apula kanye ikhabe ugologo, oki namagxolo nama-alimondi. A ukuthungwa alube nokukhanya intuthu ukunambitheka wenze lokhu isiphuzo abangasoze balukhohlwa futhi engenakuqhathaniswa. Hlunga La Chablisienne abe umbala ongaqondakali zegolide ephethe Tint kancane ogqamile. Zibonisa ngephunga ezithambile ehlanganisa futhi apula kanye eliphakathi kwe, futhi zamapetshisi, kanye ikhasi orange, futhi iqhakaza clover. Ngenxa esivaliwe ukunambitheka oily awuzange wazizwa emboniselweni 12 degrees.

Kuyaphawuleka ezihlukahlukene Pascal Bouchard, ikakhulukazi imodeli ngonyaka we-1998. Lokhu iwayini - omunye ambalwa Burgundy, kanti lokhu kuhambisana ngaphansi esigabeni "Grand". Abantu bakubiza emzaneni ngenxa ukunambitheka ebukhali kakhulu, kodwa ukunambitheka lokhu isiphuzo kuyababa.

Awukwazi indiva ezihlukahlukene La Chablisienne. Lokhu isiphuzo segolide amumethe izithako elimnandi, okubandakanya spearmint, futhi alimondi jasmine, vanilla, ngisho lime.

Wines of the Loire Valley

Kukholakala ukuthi imivini zokuqala kule ndawo, utshalwe ngasemanzini St Martin kudala njengoba ngonyaka 380 BC. e. Ikhishwa lapha amawayini abomvu waseFrance zihlukile Iphunga ezimibalabala-elinuka nokusikisela ezicashile tannin.

Of izinhlobo inqwaba Vallee de la Loire kungaba pink ovelele Chinon futhi Bourgueil. Endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi Montlouis sikhule imivini, zazo ukukhiqiza iwayini elimnandi. Kukhona ingabonakali ku amalebula amagama 'emtoti', njengoba lezi izinhlobo kulesi sifunda ubizwa ngokuthi 'soft'. Isimo siyefana ne iwayini elimnandi, okuyinto esigodini Laura ngokuthi utshwala.

Impilo eshalofini lezi izinhlobo - kusukela eminyakeni 10. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ungakwazi ukuvula ibhodlela emva kweminyaka 4. yizicukuthwane iwayini Iningi ezimhlophe waseFrance Valley - Saint-Nicolas de Bourgueil. Of enye izinhlobonhlobo isigaba AOC endaweni the Loire akuyona engadingekile ukubalula Daniel Allias, Foreau noFrancis Mabille.

Wines we Rhône Valley

Lokhu evundile kwesifunda eFrance uvulekele esanda kutholakala - ekuqaleni kule nkulungwane entsha yeminyaka. Okokuqala-ame Crozes Hermitage iwayini Gigondas. Lezi iziphuzo zingafani amandla futhi saturation. Esikhathini iphunga elixutshwe raspberry cherry, izinongo, amagxolo oki kanye licorice. Ngasekupheleni kuka-2001 weza iwayini ukukhanya umugqa Chateaunef du Pape. Lokhu isiphuzo amnyama obomvu egcinwe ukunambitheka liphinyiselwe of plums nge touch of inyama ngibhema kanye nezinongo. Ugcina iminyaka engu-15.

iwayini France ezimhlophe, kukhiqizwa Rhone esigodini, libhekene bushelelezi ukuchichima amathoni aphuzi futhi intuthuko emangalisayo zokunambitha. izithako lobunikazi kukhona ngomuthi uju kanye violets phezulu. Abamele engcono izinhlobo - Hermitage ka 2000 kanye 2002, Condrieu.

Languedoc Roussillon iwayini

Ngaphambi ukuthola ukuzimela, Algeria lezi izinhlobo eyenzeka kuqala ngaso sonke nemibukiso international kanye tastings. Kuze kube manje, iqiniso liwukuthi kule ndawo akuyona imali eyanele ukuze kudaleke zonke izimo ezidingekile ukutshala amagilebhisi, ingasaphathwa nokwelashwa kwayo. Ngeshwa, isimo sivune nenhlabathi evundile - into kuphela elingakwazi ngiziqhayise indawo kanye eyaziwa Roussillon futhi Languedoc.

izinhlobo eziningi zendawo iwayini ezivela eFrance phakade Ngishoné lwanyamalala ngasekuqaleni 1980. Kodwa namanje zikhona eziningana zwe elincane ukuthi zihlobana isigaba AOC. Iwayini edume kunazo akhiqizwa bayizinkulungwane Côtes du Rousillon futhi Coteaux du Languedoc.

Esihotsheni, Languedoc Roussillon ekhiqizwa izinhlobo ogxile obomvu pink.

iwayini Champagne

Kule ndawo, ezweni akuvunyelwe ihlukaniswe emzaneni, lapho bekhula kuphela izinhlobo okukhethekile futhi icubungula kubo ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe imfihlo. Njengoba yaziwa, iwayini edume kunazo France - kuba champagne obomvu nomhlophe. Ukukhiqizwa lezi iziphuzo abantu bakula madolobhana ezikhethekile ukunikezela konke ukuphila kwakhe. Ngo ezintathu izinhlobonhlobo engcono champagne kuhlanganisiwe Blanc de Blancs. Umnikazi umhlaba amashumi eminyaka kuyinto Monkyui umndeni. Blanca ibhodlela 1995 balinganiselwa ku izinkulungwane zamaRandi, futhi konke sibonga ukunambitheka enkulu yalesi siphuzo.

Futhi kule amathathu phezulu kuhlanganisa champagne ngesisekelo izinhlobo yizicukuthwane "Pinot Meunier", okuyinto lukhula kuphela emazweni Jean Mutarde e Syurmelene.

Ungakhohlwa mayelana isiphuzo Pinkish Mutare lwamakhosi. Ensimini ka Côte-de-Bar senziwa omunye the best ukukhanya champagne zwe.

Iwayini we Savoie kanye Jura

Lezi zindawo zitholakala esempumalanga nje Burgundy, eduze koMfula Saône. Ngenxa a winemakers ezinhle endawo unyaka wonke sokujabulisa abalandeli bakhe nge Chardonnay fresh futhi Chateau Chalon. Eduze Jura ezintabeni kutshalwe izinhlobo kahle kokubili ezimhlophe futhi zibomvu, ngakho abanikazi bomhlaba ube indawo yokuvivinya kakhulu "lokusungula". Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngesikhathi Savoy wenza iwayini engcono elimnandi France.

Ethandwa kakhulu phakathi izinhlobo zendawo zibomvu Pulsar, Trousseau futhi Pino Nuar, kanye emhlophe - Savannah futhi Chardonnay. Isici esiphawulekayo Jura iwayini uyinqaba okusezingeni eliphezulu - 16% utshwala. Lokhu kufezwa sibonga okwakuvela ohlotsheni olukhethekile lwenkanyezi imvubelo ngokuthi mikoderma basola.

Izinhlobonhlobo eziningi owaziwa esifundeni iyona ezimhlophe Chateau Chalon.

iwayini Provence

Kubantu abaningi, lokhu izinhlobo ezihlobene nemizana amancane Amasimu ugcwele izimbali. Ngeshwa, iwayini ezomile yeFrance, lapho kukhiqizwa ngaphakathi Provence, hhayi njengoba ludingeka njengoba iziphuzo efanayo esuka Burgundy noma Bordeaux, kodwa babe abalandeli babo abaqotho. Omele obaluleke kunayo ezihlukahlukene Bandol. Lokhu iwayini ocebile obomvu libhekwa njengoba AOC. Elinesimo iphunga ocebile zamakha, izithelo kanye izinaliti. Ukuvuthwa e oki imiphongolo iminyaka engu-2, kodwa sekugcineni ephelele kuphela azuzwe eminyakeni eyishumi.

Ungaphinde ukhethe amawayini abomvu ka Côte de Provence. Zenziwa lamagilebhisi ezifana "Ser", "Carignan" "kunuaz" "Vermentino" "Mourvèdre" et al.

Iwayini edume kakhulu futhi kuyabiza waseFrance

Kuze kube manje, lo ezicebile ezivela emhlabeni wonke bazimisele ukukhokhela amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamadola izinhlobo okukhethekile futhi Chateau esinakho. The best iwayini French ibiza kakhulu, kodwa ukunambitheka babonakala ngezinye izikhathi kuphela ithuba elilodwa empilweni.

Endaweni yesithathu Chateau Mouton Rothschild. Ibhodlela 1945 balinganiselwa ku eziyinkulungwane 115 zamaRandi. Noma yimuphi taster self-ukuhlonipha futhi ngalendoda Uyobiza lokhu isibili iwayini isimangaliso.

Emgqeni wesibili ixazululwe Ezinqaba Lafite 1787 model ngonyaka. Namuhla iwayini French kulolu hide angathengwa ngasiphi esitolo, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi kwaba ibhodlela kuphela emhlabeni Chateau Lafite. izindleko zayo balinganiselwa ku eziyinkulungwane 160 zamaRandi.

Eqolo futhi okukhethekile iwayini French kuyinto champagne Monopoli kusukela isivuno 1907. Inani ibhodlela enamathiselwe yokuthi uma wethulwa Tsar uNicholas II, kodwa kamuva elahlekile sisendleleni ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Nokho engaqondile ngakhubeka phezu mpahla eyigugu ngo-1998, iqembu abatshuzi. Manje Monopole ibhodlela kubiza kungekho ngemali engaphansi kwamaRandi angu-275 eziyinkulungwane.