Itshe lezinyawo: izinhlobo, izici. Itshe lemvelo elibhekene ne-plinth

Isixazululo esithandwa kakhulu ekuqedeni isicabha samatshe namuhla. Kungaba yendalo noma yokufakelwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuze ukhethe, kudingekile kuqala ukuzijwayeza ngezinhlobo eziyinhloko zalo mhlobiso, kanye nokufunda izici zayo.

Izinhlobonhlobo eziyinhloko zetshe lemvelo

Amatshe ensikeni yemvelo anikezwa abathengi ngezinhlobo eziningana, phakathi kwazo:

• I-Granite;
• I-Shell rock;
• Sandstone;
• Amatshe asendle.

I-slate ne-quartzite iyisikhathi sokugcina. Okuthandwa kakhulu namuhla yi-granite. Inomklamo wangaphandle wangaphandle, futhi ubukhulu betshe buhluke kakhulu. Kungaba nokubonakala kwamatayela, ubukhulu obuqala kusuka ku-1 cm.

Okulandelayo okuthandwa kakhulu yi-sandstone. Ihluke kwi-granite enezimbalwa ezingaphansi, futhi umbala wayo wokudweba uboniswa ngesilinganiso sehlabathi. Ubukhulu be-sandstone bungaba buhluke kakhulu, lawa ngamatshe kanye namatshe. I-Shell rock iyitshe, elivame ukusetshenziselwa ukubhekana ne-plinth. Ithembeke kakhulu futhi inamandla ngaphezu kwe-sandstone, futhi ingathengwa ngendlela yamacwecwe amakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi abakhiqizi banikeza ukuthengisa amabhulokhi aqinile. Umthunzi walesi tshe usondelene nokuphuzi. Isakhiwo sinezimbongi, ngakho-ke akunconywa ukuba ushiye isisekelo esinjalo ngaphandle kokuqeda isikhathi eside.

I-Shell rock iyitshe okufanele lihlanganiswe ngendlala yokuzivikela ngemuva kokubeka. Kulokhu, i-varnish elula noma i-primer ivame ukusetshenziswa. Ukuze ufeze umsebenzi ochazwe, ungasebenzisa futhi itshe lasendle. Kuye kwagcwaliseka ngesimo samapuleti ahlukahlukene nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Okuvamile kakhulu yi-quartzite kanye ne-shale, enesakhiwo esinomsoco, ngenxa yokuthi lokho okubonakalayo kubonisa ukuthi kunesimo esincane esiphansi kwezimo zezulu nezesimo sezulu.

Leli tshe elingokwemvelo lihlukile kakhulu kumbala, ungathola ama-shades alula nokukhanya, futhi ebusweni be-veins kubonakala. Ngokuvamile lapho kusetshenziswe ama-slabs ama-slabs. Kodwa kwezinye izindawo bangakwazi ukukhubazeka, ngakho-ke ukuklama kwangaphandle kulesi simo kuzosulwa.

Izinhlamvu ze-agglomerate yemvelo

Ukubhekana nobunzima ngamatshe angokwemvelo kunenzuzo eyodwa ebalulekile, okuvezwa ngokuvumelana kwemvelo nokuhambisana kwemvelo. Izinto ezinjalo ngeke zilimaze impilo yabantu kanye nemvelo. Itshe lemvelo linokwethenjelwa futhi liqinile. Ebusweni ingakwazi ukumelana nanoma imuphi umthwalo. Lokhu kuqinisekiswa ngesakhiwo esinamandla.

Ngezinzuzo eziyinhloko zetshe, kufanele kukhulunywe ngokungabikho komlilo nomsebenzi wesikhathi eside. Okuwukuphela kwengozi yindleko ephakeme uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zokusetshenziswa kokuqeda. Uma usebenzisa itshe lemvelo ukuze uqedele i-plinth, ungawahlanza ngama-rags namanzi alula. Ukunciphisa amakhemikhali akukhuthazwa, ngoba kungalimaza indawo bese kuqala inqubo yokubhujiswa kwesakhiwo.

Incazelo ye-granite

Itshe le-granite yemvelo libuye lisetshenziswe kaningi ekugcineni kwe-plinth. Uma siqhathanisa nemabula, khona-ke amandla esimweni sokuqala azoba izikhathi ezingu-2 eziphakeme. Ukuba khona kwe-quartz kunikeza ubunzima. Ilitshe ligajwa futhi ligawulwe besebenzisa idayimane.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imikhiqizo ye-granite ayilahlekelwa ukusebenza kwayo nokubukeka kwayo, lokhu kuyiqiniso ngisho nalapho ilitshe lisetshenziselwa ukuhluka kwezinga lokushisa. Lesi siphetho singakwazi ukumelana neziqhwa ezinzima, kanye nokushisa kuze kufike ku-+50 ° C, okuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu uma kuziwa ekusebenziseni ukwaziswa kwimozulu yaseRussia.

Kungani kufanele ukhethe i-granite

Amatshe wegranite anezici ezinhle kakhulu zokusebenza. Ibukeka kahle futhi igcina amandla ayo okuqala isikhathi sokusebenzisa kwayo. Ingaphansi kwe-marble, ilawulwa izilonda ze-fungal. Esikhundleni somunye nomunye umuntu angahlukanisa ukuphepha komlilo. Lezi zinto ziqala ukuncibilika kuphela ku-+700 ° C.

Amandla ale ndaba axhomeke ezingeni lokungenisa umswakama. Ngokwale nkomba, i-granite ihamba phambili ngaphambi kokunye. I-Granite ihamba ngaphansi kwethonya lemvelo yangaphandle, i-acids ehlukahlukene kanye nezulu lezulu. Ukuqhaqhazela kanye nemigqa ye-thaw ayithinti ukusebenza kwayo nganoma iyiphi indlela. Inombolo yabo ingafinyelela izikhathi ezingamakhulu amaningana.

Izici zobuciko zamatshe wegranite

Uma unquma ukusebenzisa i-granite njengezinto zokuqedela isondlo, kufanele uzijwayeze izici zayo eziyinhloko zobuchwepheshe, phakathi kwazo, kufanele uhlale uqokomisa ubungako. Kuyi-3.17 g / cm ³ . Ngokuqondene namandla okucindezela, leli pharamitha liyi-550 kg / cm ² . Ubuningi bezinga elilingana no-2.7 g / cm ³ . Kodwa ukungenisa umswakama ngu-0.2%. Ungase ube nesithakazelo ekumelaneni nesithwathwa - lilingana no-25. Ukukhishwa kwesibalo kungu-1.4 g / cm ² .

Izinhlobo zetshe lokufakelwa: impahla encike kumasenti

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu letshe lokufakelwa yizinto ezisetshenziswa nge-samente. Ukuze kusetshenziswe ukukhiqizwa, amacilisi, imfucumfucu noma i-plastic mold, lapho isisombululo esenziwe ngeshlabathi, samente, amaplasticizers kanye nama-dyes athululelwa. Ngezinye izikhathi ezinye izithako zengezwa izithako, ezingasithuthukisa izindawo zomkhiqizo. Kuye ngokuthi yiyiphi ifomu nedayi esetshenzisiwe, ukubukeka kwetshe kanye nokubunjwa kwalo kungalingisa izinto zemvelo.

Itshe leshlabathi le-polymer

Uma ufuna ukuthenga itshe eliyisisekelo, kufanele uqaphele izinto eziqedile zokuqedela, lenziwe ngesihlabathi, amaplastiki kanye nama-polymers. Ekugcineni, kungenzeka ukuthola amathayili axhuma nomunye ngokukhiya. Phezu komsila, ukulungiswa kwemikhiqizo kwenziwa ngosizo lwezikulufa kanye nohlaka. Lezi zinto ziqinile futhi zilula, futhi ukufakwa kwayo kungahlanganiswa nokuxhuma.

Amatshe amatshe angama-flexible nama-clinker

Amatshe okusika angabonakala njengento eguquguqukayo yokufakelwa. I-composite-layer layer, engaba nokubonakala kwemigodi eqinile noma amathayili ngamanye. Ngosizo lwe-glue kwisisekelo sezindwangu, kusetshenziswe ingxenye encane yedwala. Ngaphakathi kukhona enye ingqimba - iglue, okudingekayo ukulungisa amathayili noma indwangu ebusweni.

Ukuze uvikele imikhiqizo enjalo kusukela ekumiswe okwesikhashana, le ndaba ihlanganiswe nephepha. Uma siqhathanisa itshe lokufakelwa okuguquguqukayo nezinye izinhlobo zezinto ezifanayo, okokuqala kunesisindo esincane kunabo bonke, kodwa basendaweni yonke futhi banamathele kakhulu ekushintsheni izinga lokushisa.

I-stone socle nayo yenziwe nge-tile ye-clinker. Ngendlela yokukhiqiza nokubukeka, kufana nelitshe ngamasenti. Nokho, ubumba lisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-clinker. Esiklasini sawo, amathayili achazwe anezici ezivelele kakhulu zokusebenza, kanye nezindleko eziphezulu.

Isiphetho

Uma usenqume ukuthi ungasindisi ekugcineni kwendlu bese ukhetha itshe lemvelo, kufanele wazi ukuthi lihlelwa ngokwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba. Kungasulwa, kumhlabathi, kuphucuziwe noma kunzima. Ukubukeka okungokwemvelo okungaphezulu okuqoshiwe, kepha ngokunye ukukhwabanisa kuzothathwa ngesithunzi. Uma ufuna ukwenza i-base shiny, kufanele ukhethe itshe lemvelo eliphosiwe.