"Grad" uhlelo - ezulwini ngokufutheka

kwethulwa amaningi rocket uhlelo "Grad" is ngisho kulabo izikhali futhi nezempi akanandaba ezaziwayo. Kuyinto yindlalifa ngqo enkazimulweni lempi edume "Katyusha", okwakukhona kulo abawandulela inkathi entsha yentuthuko wezikhali izinhlelo, emelela zonke eliyisisekelo ukusebenza izici nokungapheleli esakuzuza okwalandela izizukulwane MLRS: usayizi encane, angahlali okusezingeni eliphezulu, ukumangala nokwethusa ikhono volley olulodwa hit okuhloswe amaningi ezindaweni ezinkulu kakhulu .

Kusukela Salvo lokuqala kakhulu "Katyusha", okuvela kulo umhlaba ngokwawo rose ngemilenze yayo yangemuva, futhi amabutho undlovukayiphikiswa ziza isimo ukwethuka, futhi kuze kube namuhla yasekhaya iziqhumane kukhona okungcono emhlabeni. Uhlelo "Grad", wangenela inkonzo kule manje ezikude 1963, esikhundleni "Katyusha" zabo futhi baba uhlobo eziyisisekelo missile izikhali Army Soviet. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, lesi simiso esisheshayo akazi alinganayo phakathi izinhlobo ezifanayo missile angaphandle.

Ukubeka "Grad", ukuthuthukiswa samukelwa ngu somyalelo olukhethekile uhulumeni ngo-1960, kwadingeka ukuklanywa olusekelwe ubunjiniyela izixazululo ngokuyinhloko entsha, ziye zasetshenziselwa neze. Developing MRL wahlanganyela NII-47, eholwa abanamakhono isikhali umklami AN Gognichevym. "Grad" uhlelo kwakuhloselwe ushintsha akusebenzi missile uhlelo BM-14.

Njengoba izinhlamvu ezisetshenziswa ukufaka 122-mm projectiles ephezulu alufakwa uhlobo M-21-PF. Uhlelo "Grad" yayihloselwe yokuvimbela izindawo lokuhlushwa amabutho esitha kanye nezimoto armored, wezikhali nodaka amabhethri, Logistics amayunithi, ndlu izivikelo, futhi amaphuzu nodal usizo. Okungukuthi, kwenkululeko lezi ukufaka iye kakhulu nhlobonhlobo. Isidingo ukudala uhlobo esiphumelela kangaka izikhali ngesikhathi nje isuke ibangelwa ngxabano ezishubile ezaba phakathi izimiso zezombusazwe kanye kulandela "impi yomshoshaphansi."

Uhlelo "Grad" siqukethe isiqalisi ogibele kumila iloli Ural-375, ukulawula umlilo indlela kanye nezimoto ekhethekile ahambisa izinhlamvu futhi ishaja. ukulungiswa Okwalandela njengoba Ikhoyili esetshenziswa iloli okusezingeni eliphezulu engu- Ural-4320. Speed ukunyakazisa la kweminsalo isesikhathini 90 km / h, esinikela ukuhamba eliphezulu ngokwedlulele futhi maneuverability.

I uhlelo lesimanje "Grad" ifakwe isibangeli othomathikhi ekhethekile "Vivarium" eziyinkimbinkimbi. It imililo unguided 122-mm projectiles. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa on indawo ngezinhloso kanye nesimo uhlelo lwekhompyutha ukucutshungulwa, okuyinto kuyingxenye ebalulekile wonke ibhethri. Ngu Staffing ukufakwa kuveza volley imizuzwana amabili, kanye cooldown kuba imizuzu eziyisikhombisa kuphela. Ukulethwa izinhlamvu Kwenziwa yesikhulumi ukukhokhiswa design akhethekile. Abasebenzi izinhlamvu ibhethri ngalinye siqukethe volleys ezintathu. Lokhu kwanele ngempela ukubhubhisa cishe nganoma iyiphi injongo.

Warhead MRL "Grad" ogama njongo - nesiqondiso isiqalo sezikhali siqukethe amane ijabulise Umhlahlandlela ubude 3 m kanye umgqomo wathwala ububanzi elilingana 122,4 mm .. Ovundlile futhi mpo kuhloswe projectile wenza enamandla drive okhethekile kagesi.

Systems "Grad" bazibonakalisa phakathi nempi-Afghan e ingxabano Karabakh kanye nemikhankaso ezimbili Chechen. Lolu hlelo missile kuyinto ethandwayo omkhulu cishe kuwo wonke amazwe Arab kanye Afrika lapho izimpi zombango ngokuvamile zithatha babe uhlamvu evilaphayo kanye unomphela.