Ithambo Ethmoid: isakhiwo (isithombe)

Ugebhezi kuyinto skeleton ikhanda isici. Kuyinto angawodwa ubuso (visceral) kanye nobuchopho ahlukaniswe. Esikhathini yokugcina kukhona umgodi. Kuyinto ubuchopho.

Uhlolojikelele

Front skeleton ebusweni abantu lalimelela umgudu eyinhloko izingxenye kanye tube wokugaya ukudla. Ibuye ibe lasePalatine, lacrimal, acinene, izakhi zygomatic Coulter bone ethmoid (Anatomy lokhu ingxenye uzobe ngemuva kwalokhu okuxoxwe). Kumele ukuthi amanga yokugcina emnyangweni ingxenye. I-cerebral ingxenye parietal elingalodwa, frontal, tapered, le occipital, izakhi yesikhashana. Kukhona ingxenye ithambo ethmoid. Kulo mnyango base aqhelelene futhi ophahleni (isethi) ugebhezi. Brain futhi phambi ingxenye ugebhezi is fixedly ixhunyiwe, ngaphandle umhlathi ongezansi. It usibeka kalula esebenzisa ngokuhlanganyela amathambo ethempelini.

umnyango ingqondo

Njengengxenye isethi samanje amathambo flat. Lezi zihlanganisa isikali yesikhashana futhi occipital futhi engaphelele kanye parietal izingxenye. Flat ithambo amapuleti aqukethe ikhemikhali compact (ngaphakathi nangaphandle), okuyinto amanga phakathi sithambile amathambo aqatha (diploe). izakhi Uphahla Compound Kwenziwa esebenzisa ezivuzayo. Ngaphansi kwesithombe senqaba ugebhezi - phansi - itholakala Magnum foramen. It uxhuma ngalo ingaphakathi siya emseleni umgogodla. Futhi, izimbobo abakhona lapha imizwa nemithambo yegazi. Njengoba base ohlangothini amathambo aphume ashone izakhi mbhoshongo yesikhashana. Ziqukethe izingxenye izitho ibhalansi nokuzwa. Gqwa izinhlangothi kwangaphakathi futhi yangaphandle base Yekhanda. Eyokuqala ihlukaniswe ibe ngemuva, phakathi futhi phambi imbobo emaphakathi. Basuke etholakala izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zobuchopho. Esikhathini Ingcenye ephakathi itholakala phakathi ephippium emgodini. Kuyo amanga indlala pituitary. Ohlangothini elingaphandle base ezinhlangothini condyles occipital amanga izimbobo ezimbili. Ababandakanyeka kumiswa joint occipital.

phambi ehhovisi

I ongenhla umelwe ithambo abhanqiwe. Ngaphakathi kuba lo itheku maxillary. Through the izingxenye abafanele ezakhiwe ingaphakathi acinene, nezinyawo iso, ulwanga kanzima. Ohlangothini elise wing LasePalatine fossa. It baxhumana umlomo, ingaphakathi acinene, futhi cranial, iso isokhethi. Kuleli ebusweni efanayo futhi infratemporal samanje futhi fossa yesikhashana. Front Ngo acinene ingaphakathi maxillary evulekile, engaphelele kanye nesigaxa izakhi kanye ethmoid amaseli. I ukuhambisana ka umhlathi ongezansi ngezithukuthuku emalungeni temporo-mandibular. Okulandelayo cabanga kuyini ethmoid ithambo.

Anatomy, indawo

Lo msuka ukhonza ukuhlukanisa izimbotshana cranial futhi acinene. ithambo Ethmoid, izithombe ethulwa esihlokweni, ke ayibhangqiwe. Ingxenye has simise eduze cubic. Elementi futhi izici isakhiwo lezinyosi. Lokhu kungenxa igama. Kutholwe phakathi ingxenye nhlonhlo (bakhulise) wethambo engaphelele kanye ongenhla (ezansi). Elementi ubabonisa ngakujantshi phakathi. ithambo Ethmoid elikhona phambi indawo ye-cerebral base ikhadi kanye front ingxenye. It uhlanganyela ukwakheka ekhaleni futhi iso enethiwekhi. Esikhathini ingxenye ipuleti likhona. Kusukela side etholakala wakhe mazes. Basuke embozwe ngaphandle thwi ahlelwe ebusweni esemkhathini (sokunene nesobunxele).

ipuleti Ethmoid wethambo ethmoid

Lo msuka - elingenhla ingxenye ingxenye. Itholakala a ngehele ukusika ngo ithambo engaphelele. I ipuleti ehilelekile ekwakhekeni phansi kule anterior fossa cranial. Yonke kobuso isici kuhlala izimbobo. Ngokubukeka kufana ngesihlungo, lapho, eqinisweni, igama layo. Ngalezi ukuvuleka amanga ingaphakathi cranial nezinzwa olfactory (Cranial umbhangqwana wokuqala). Umugca lohlukanisa emkhatsini we ipuleti kukhona cockscomb. Ohlangothini ke uyahamba phambi neseleko abhanqiwe - iphiko. Lezi izingxenye kanye amathambo frontal, okuyisona phambili, delimit umgodi abayizimpumputhe. Ngendlela ukuqhubeka yokhalo kuphuma ebusweni perpendicular. It has an ijamo okungajwayelekile pentagonal. It is iqondiswe downwardly maqondana ngalo ingaphakathi acinene. Kulesi ipuleti zone, elele thwi, uhlanganyela kumiswa elingenhla ukwahlukanisa ndawo.

uxhaxha

Lokhu kumiswa pair. Siqukethe itheku ethmoid (izimbotshana womoya okuyinto ikwazi ukuxhumana yodwa futhi endaweni ekhaleni). Ilungelo washiya phezulu Maze sengathi okwesikhashana. I medial ebusweni kumiswa ngamakhasimende ngaphakathi komgodi acinene futhi okuhlukana ipuleti perpendicular esebenzisa mpo Slots emincane. Yena, uku sagittal (mpo) indiza. Ezinhlangothini lateral embozwe labyrinths futhi abushelelezi ipuleti mncane. Kuyingxenye ebusweni medial kwezisekelo iso.

ekhaleni igobolondo

Ohlangothini medial yeseli embozwe lwalugobile mncane bony amapuleti. Ziyakwazi maphakathi kanye engenhla ekhaleni igobolondo. Ukuphela engezansi ngamunye kuthé ngokukhululekile embobeni. It uyagijima phakathi perpendicular plate kanye uxhaxha. Le ngxenye engenhla igobolondo ngamunye unamathele ebusweni medial we izimbobo uxhaxha. Top unamathele, ngokulandelana, igobolondo engenhla, kancane ngezansi futhi kancane anteriorly sihamba isilinganiso. Kwezinye izimo, kanye isici sesithathu kutholwa. Ubizwa ngokuthi "igobolondo eliphakeme 'futhi uyena kuphela wavuma wazwakalisa. Phakathi amagobolondo maphakathi kanye engenhla amanga ndima acinene. Yena imelelwa igebe emincane. Inkambo isilinganiso itholakala ngezansi lwalugobile ohlangothini elihambisana turbinate. He is okunomkhawulo ngezansi ingxenye engenhla engezansi ekhaleni igobolondo. Emphethweni waso ezingemuva kuba hamulus samanje ibheke phansi. He is on ugebhezi sihambisane neseleko latticed esukela igobolondo ngezansi. Posterior ekwakhekeni mabhamuza ngokuhamba phakathi bubble omkhulu. Lena ngenye yama-izimbotshana ngobukhulu, okubandakanya ithambo ethmoid. Engemuva futhi phezulu phakathi bubble ezinkulu neseleko hook emise ngaphambili futhi ezansi igebe kungabonwa. It has simise uphondo. Ngalesi igebe wenziwa isigijimi itheku engaphelele kanye meatus phakathi. Lena anatomy evamile wethambo ethmoid.

izinhlobo amalunga omzimba

Ukwakheka kwakwakhe ethmoid kuhilela amalungu amaningi Yekhanda. Ikakhulukazi, banayo indawo ezikanye kumasegmenti ezilandelayo:

1. Ngesivuli. Nge lesi sici ethmoid uxhuma elingenhla ingxenye phambi onqenqemeni.
2. I ongenhla. Kwalapho Kwenziwa Ingaphandle kwabo lateral ne ikamu frontal inqubo kanye endaweni ephansi-lateral ngengxenye ezingemuva onqenqemeni kwangaphakathi phezu esemkhathini.
3. Ithambo engaphelele. Uxhumano kwenzeka abutting onqenqemeni phambi isici perpendicular yomgogodla acinene. Futhi ingxenye-amaseli ezindaweni ezilingene plate ovundlile sihambisane nengxenye-iseli eheleni ukusika out. Kulesi umphetho ingxenye maqembu.
4. ithambo Sphenoid. onqenqemeni engemuva plate ovundlile trellis eduze komgogodla. Kule ndawo akha elihlangana nezimo. Unqenqema ezingemuva ipuleti mpo sihambisane Crest. Kuleli qophelo, omhlophe webhola lidlula. Unqenqema ezingemuva e uquqaba lateral eseduze izinhlangothi yangaphandle-Predné ingxenye. kwakhiwa Ngakho is omhlophe webhola.
5. LasePalatine ithambo. Kwalapho Kwenziwa ezingeni aphansi uhlangothi unxantathu lateral mass.
6. amathambo acinene. Kuhambisana wenza phambi emaphethelweni ingxenye mpo.
7. ithambo lacrimal. Kulesi kwakwakhe abathintekayo ebusweni lateral uyaca efanayo.
8. Cartilaginous ingxenye septum acinene. Uxhumano senziwa elingaphansi phambi ohlangothini ipuleti mpo.
9. Ngezansi echibini ekhaleni. ithambo Ethmoid okushiwo nalo ngokushada n okuhlangana hooklike inqubo phakathi ngalo ingaphakathi ukuba igatsha turbinate bakhiphe elezinga eliphansi.

kumiswa

ithambo Ethmoid has uqwanga (zesibili) umsuka. Kutfutfukisa cores ezine uqwanga kule capsule acinene. Ngokusho esinye sezici umthombo elikhona ipuleti mpo, cockscomb nesisindo lateral. Ukuqina sekuyenzeka zibhebhetheka lokuqala kuya turbinate. Ngemva kwenqubo kuhilela ipuleti igridi. Ngemva kokuzalwa, ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kamuva, kuba khona Ukuqina sekuyenzeka we ebusweni esemkhathini, futhi ngemva kweminyaka engu-2 - cockscomb. Kuqondile ipuleti inqubo esebenza kuphela 6-8 ukuphila ngonyaka. Ukuvuleka the uxhaxha ekugcineni setha iminyaka engu-12-14.

ukulimala

Ngenxa yokuthi isakhiwo ukungena nakwamanye amazwe wethambo ethmoid, ingxenye uchayeke kakhulu ukulimala. Ngokuvamile abantu baphuka izinqulu ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngesikhathi kwehla ingozi yomgwaqo, ukuwa, ukulwa, igalelo phambili-phezulu kuya ekhaleni. Okuseceleni okubukhali ithambo Ungahambisa ngokukhululekile ngokusebenzisa ipuleti igridi kule ingaphakathi cranial empeleni. Lokhu kungaba avuse liquorrhea (CSF ingress) esifundeni ekhaleni. I kwaphumela umyalezo kogebhezi izimbotshana acinene kuphakamisa esindayo, kunzima ukuqeda isifo CNS. ithambo Ethmoid unobuhlobo obuseduze emsipheni olfactory. Uma isici ezilimele ingawohloka noma zinyamalale ngokuphelele luvelo iphunga.