Isitini sezitini: izinhlobo, izici, izici zobuchwepheshe

Isitini singenye yezinto ezifunwa kakhulu, ngoba izakhiwo ezingu-99% azikwazi ukwakhelwa ngaphandle kwalo. Ukuze uhlangabezane ngokugcwele nezidingo zomakethe wokwakha, izinhlobo eziningana zemikhiqizo yezitini zikhiqizwa, eziklanyelwe ukuxazulula izinkinga ezahlukene. Omunye wabo uyitini. Ihluke kanjani kumikhiqizo efanayo yamanye amahlobo, ngenhloso yanini futhi yiziphi izici zayo? Mayelana nalokhu okunye.

Izici zomkhiqizo

Isitini sibizwa ngokuthi itshe le-ceramic lombala obomvu, onokukhubazeka okuhlukahlukene kokubukeka. Lezi yizi:

• Ukungahambisani nokuthungwa nombala;
• Ublique oblique;
• Ukuhlukumeza;
• Ama-Chips.

Ngenxa yalokhu, ukwaziswa akusetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezindonga zangaphandle noma, uma kusasebenza, kuncike ekuqedeni okulandelayo, umhlobiso, ukukhipha. Kodwa ukubukeka okungathandeki akuyona iphutha elikhethekile - ngenxa yalokhu okungeke kwenzeke, izindleko zemikhiqizo ye-back-up hlobo iyabiza kakhulu, okuyinto evame kakhulu isici esinqunyiwe lapho ukhetha izinto zokwakha.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamatshe e-ceramic, ngalinye lalinalo izici zalo.

Hollow

I-voids ngaphakathi kwemikhiqizo ingaba ngu-40-46% wemikhiqizo yemikhiqizo. Ama-ceramics angenalutho awasetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezithwala imithwalo ngenxa yamandla abo amancane okuthela. Kodwa kubalulekile uma kwenzeka ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zangasese nezinye izakhiwo eziphansi. Ama-ceramics angenalutho asetshenziselwa ukwakha izingxenye, izindonga. Phakamisa umkhiqizo ngamunye kusuka ku-3 ukuya ku-4 kg.

Izinzuzo zetshe elingenalutho le-ceramic:

1. Izici eziphezulu zokushisa okushisa.
2. Ikhono lokunciphisa kakhulu umthwalo ku-substrate.
3. Inkomba encane yokumuncwa kwamanzi.

Kuphelele

I-voids ezihlokweni eziqinile ayihlali ngaphezulu kwezingu-13% wevolumu. Ngenxa yalokhu, izitini eziqinile zibhekene nokuziphatha okuphezulu okushisa, ngakho-ke isakhiwo sidinga ukungenelela okushisayo.

Nakuba i-ceramics eqinile inesisindo esingaphezu kwezingubo ezibonakalayo, idlula ngamandla, ngakho isetshenziselwa ekwakhiweni kwezakhi ezithwala imithwalo, izisekelo, isisekelo sezinye izinhlobo zezakhiwo ezifanayo.

Isitini esigcwele esinezici ezilandelayo:

1. Ukumelana nokuqina kwamaqhwa.
2. Amandla okuncintisana kakhulu.
3. Ikhono lokumelana nanoma imuphi umthwalo.

Ukucaciswa kobuchwepheshe

Imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa inomumo ohlukile nokuthungwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-zabutovochny izitini zitholakala ngemibala ehlukahlukene - lesi sibalo asinomthelela emandleni omkhiqizo futhi sincike kulokho umthunzi wobumba owawusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni.

Lezi zinto zinezici ezinhle kakhulu ezikuhlukanisa kahle nemikhiqizo efanayo yezinye izinhlobo. Lezi yizi:

1. Ukuhlanzeka kwezinto eziphilayo - imikhiqizo yenziwe ezintweni zemvelo ngaphandle kokungezwa kwezinsimbi eziyingozi noma ezinobuthi.
2. Ubukhulu obuhle kakhulu.
3. Ukulondoloza isikhathi eside sokubukeka, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izimo zezulu.
4. Ukuphikiswa okuvelele emiphumeleni yemvelo enobudlova.

Ububanzi besicelo

Yize ukubonakala kwemikhiqizo yezitini kulolu hlobo kungekuhle, akubaluleki neze, ngoba lokho kuhloswe ukwakha isisekelo esiqinile, esibekiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutholakala kwephethini yokukhulula kuvumela ukuqinisekisa ukunamathela kahle kwemikhiqizo kube yikhonkrithi, ngenxa yokuthi ubuciko bubukeka bunemfanelo ephakeme futhi enokwethenjelwa.

Isetshenziswa zabutovochny izitini kakhulu kakhulu ezisetshenziselwa zonke izinhlobo zomsebenzi wangaphandle, kuhlanganise ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa:

1. Ikholomu.
2. Izindleko.
3. Izisekelo.
4. Ukufaka izindonga.

Ukumaketha kwemikhiqizo

Ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha izitini ezilungile ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zezitolo ezihlukene, imikhiqizo ibhalwe. Isikhundla sazisa mayelana nenkomba yokucindezela ye-1 sq. Km. M, engamelana nezindonga ezakhiwe. Isibonelo, ukumaka kwe-M100 kubika: imitha ngayinye yesigcawu akufanele ibe ngaphezu kuka-100 kg wokulayisha.

Amakhi amaningana amatshe ensimbi ayakhiwa:

1. I-M100. Ngakho-ke, impahla engabizi kakhulu isetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zangasese nezindlu zangasese.
2. M125. Yakhelwe ukulungiswa kwama-cottages nezakhiwo eziphansi. Izindinganiso zokuthembeka nezamandla zidlula ulwazi olufanayo M100.
3. I-M150. Imikhiqizo efunwa kakhulu, enamandla amakhulu.

Ngamanye amazwi, ngaphezulu kokudinga okudingeka ukwakhiwe, kuphawuleka kakhulu uphawu lwamatshe okusekela nge-ceramic.

Ngokusho kwe-GOST No. 530-2007, ubukhulu besitini kanje:

1. Imikhiqizo emibili - 25 x 12 x 14 cm.
2. Ingxenye nesigamu yi-25 x 12 x 8.8 cm.
3. Single - 25 x 12 x 6.5 cm.

Esimweni sangasese sezitini kuncike kwizici eziningana - ubukhulu, uhlobo, uhlobo. Isibonelo (izindleko zikhonjiswe ngcezu ngayinye):

1. Imikhiqizo ye-semiitone ekhohliwe idla cishe ama-ruble angu-9.5.
2. Intengo yokukhiqiza okugcwele M125 - cishe ama-ruble angu-7.3.
3. Intengo yezitini elilodwa M100 - cishe ama-ruble angu-5.5.