Isithombe Anatoly Zverev (umculi)

Ekupheleni kuka-May 2015 Museum somculi Russian Anatoliya Timofeevicha Zvereva lavulwa ngo eMoscow. Ngaphambi kwalokho, kwathatha nemibukiso eziningana ezinkulu enikelwe umsebenzi master, yakhishwa okokuqala embukisweni imisebenzi eminingi okuqondene abaqoqi yangasese.

Naphezu Kusaphazwa mbumbulu imidwebo Anatoly Zverev njalo khona indali yodumo yobuciko wesimanje, i-albhamu ka-yakhiwe, izincwadi, ukufunda umsebenzi wakhe futhi izinkumbulo ngaye. Futhi iyiphi isenzakalo esinjalo ubunjalo ukutholakala, ngisho nalabo asebenesikhathi eside abanesifiso lokusungula Zvereva futhi lokhu ubuntu okungavamile.

Creation biography

Waphila iminyaka engu-55, owachitha cishe njalo e Moscow - edolobheni, ingxenye umlando egcwele nganekwane umculi - drifter udlubulunda, ongenabugovu ome njengeqanda, ingilazi ukudala wobuciko, genius self-wafundisa, esangene ezidakayo nezinto zokuhlanza schizophrenic osandla sakhe uNkulunkulu kuholela. Lokhu inganekwane ubonakala ngakho akhazimulayo umhlobiso monotony zokuphila kwansuku zonke, ukuthi iqhaza ekudaleni eziningi abantu - ngubani ezinhle romantic, ngubani ngenjongo nzuzo eziwubala. Imbangela eyinhloko legends amahle yezinganekwane okunosawoti - ke Anatoly Zverev, ogama imidwebo - ubufakazi ithalente kumnandi atshalwe ubunjalo engalawuliwe.

Likuphi iqiniso?

Qonda ukuthi eqanjiwe, futhi lapho amaqiniso, kuba nzima, naphezu ukuvela inani elikhulayo Umlando wabantu ababephila, ukukhululwa izincwadi ezintsha nama-movie. Mhlawumbe-ke akudingekile ukuba uthole iqiniso okuyilonalona, bambe up imininingwane, zicabanga ukuthi baphila kanjani Zverev Anatoliy Timofeevich, - imidwebo kanye ingcaca amashidi, uzalo ezisele value abo main? Yiqiniso, kuba. Kodwa Zverev umsebenzi ngendlela ekhethekile bangamathe nolimi ubuntu bakhe, nabangani bakhe nalabo wamonyuka, khumbula inqubo yokudala imidwebo njengendlela ukusebenza wamambala, obuzakuza inenani kukodwa nje kuyisenzo yobuciko. Kungaba into edabukisayo ukuba umbono uhlanekezelwe ngayo noma azange abe ukumelwa.

Ngenhlanhla, amandla cosmic ngendalo yakhe engcono akachazeki kubo ngobuciko obukhulu, kuvumela ukuhlola isithombe kweqiniso Anatoliya Zvereva, ukuqonda isikali kweqiniso futhi eyinkimbinkimbi ithalente okukhulu, bulukhuni okuphila ezimele ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethile kwagcizelela ukhonkolo eyodwa amafilosofi yokubusa.

esibukweni self-portrait

Ngo imisebenzi ukuhlola ungubani okuthiwa Anatoly Zverev, isithombe bona ngesineke, ungathola elithi Narcissism zengqondo okuthiwa kuqinisekiswa inqwaba self-portraits, ayilobayo nezikhathi ohluke ngokuphelele ngokuphila. Mhlawumbe, kwaba esivela izinga Rembrandt futhi ikakhulukazi Van Gogh, aba nethonya elikhulu obonakalayo imidwebo Zverev. Waqala ukubheka ku yena kusukela ebuntwaneni, kusukela esikhathini lapho uthisha art esikoleni esiphakeme Nikolay vasilevich Sinitsyn bajwayelane izisekelo lobuchwepheshe umdwebo nokudweba, ukuqeqeshwa umsebenzi wawumfushane futhi unsystematic: PTU, ikhethelo umdwebi-alfreyschik, isikhathi esifushane e-Art and Industrial School . 1905 amakilasi e-studio art abadala - konke "Academy" yakhe.

Mhlawumbe yingakho kwahlale abantu abaningi owanibiza Zverev amateur labo like izithombe Anatoliya Zvereva, bheka bengenawo amakhono omsebenzi kuphela uhambo-ngokusebenzisa, imisebenzi ababuthakathaka - virtuosity Zverev imikhuba isobala. Bathi ekuphileni kwakhe akazange suka zomkhosi buso, ukuvula konke uzungeze umbono. Ukuzethemba kwakhe ekumeni - futhi yemidlalo, futhi kuphela waphakamisa emaphethelweni buso, kodwa kwanele okuqala ingxoxo ephathelene nokuphila kanye nemvelo.

"Ngizobuya abhebhezela ..."

Yilokho enikela othile portrait - wayewuqaphela isipho sakhe, njenganoma iyiphi ubuhlakani, futhi wayazi ukuthi umfuziselo wakhe kuyoba ngesikhathi, uzobe "immortalized". Umsebenzi wakhe kufana indaba emfushane ka uhlamvu uhlamvu, kodwa ngokuya ukunemba futhi kalula umdvwebo; okuqukethwe ekumeni okuhle kwe-volume yesiteleka ukujula.

Kukholakala ukuthi kukhona nezikhathi ezimbili umsebenzi umculi, futhi lezo zithombe Anatoly Zverev kuphela, zalotshwa ngaphambi kokuphela 1950, esho kweqiniso ubuhlakani ezingeni Zverev. Omunye Ongoti bakhe beqiniso, ngalendoda odumile GD Kostaki, waba nomuzwa wokuthi ngemva nemibukiso lokuqala phesheya Zverev waqhubeka mayelana nalabo ababefuna iyithole, waba uhlobo imaphi amathuba avelayo esakhé uhlelo lapho wadala ekumeni kwakhe. Umdwebi ngokwakhe wathi usebenzela yena kuze 1959, bese - ngakolunye kuswelekile. Ukucekelwa zingachazwa kalula futhi ukuluthwa utshwala, nesifo sengqondo ...

Kunzima ukukholelwa, ebuka, isibonelo, ekumeni K. M. Aseevoy - uthando zokugcina futhi kushukumisa umculi. Yiqiniso, zithelo engacabangeki - imbangela isisindo okudaliwe engasindi, okunoshukela umlomo female ku portrait "ukudayiswa" uthanda ingasaphathwa ahlonishwe art ukugxekwa. Kodwa ekumeni engcono lensikazi kwase kuhlwile, hhayi amakhowe ubuhle ebonakalayo futhi kuyiqiniso. Ngo kubo ukuthi zicabanga ukuthi liyini izinga main Zvereva-indoda: egcwele okuhle, naphezu ubunjalo olunempikiswano amagalelo eziningi ukudalelwa. Imidwebo umdwebi Anatoly Zverev, ohawukelayo, yena akanayo caricature enonya, ekumeni kwakhe, lapho kukhona "abantu eziyinqaba" - ekumeni of sezifundo kweqiniso.

Isonto and kaphayini

Thola eside yobuciko sokugxekwa, Zverev esifaneleka kunazo zonke, ngizama isikhathi eside. I Expressionist wokuqala Russian - ngakho wayibiza ngokuthi Kostaki. Zverev uqobo wabiza isikhathi sakhe esihloniphekile okungcono lapho "tashists", futhi bathi kwakuyiyo wasungula indlela enjalo, hhayi abanye uhlobo Pollock. Zvereva Anatoliya imidwebo ngabaculi angaphandle wamshaya yakhe khulula imidwebo amasu, lapho befika eMoscow Youth Festival 1957 ukufundisa abadwebi obukhulu Soviet yobuciko abstract.

Kodwa ukumbiza umdwebi weqiniso abstract ayengakwenza art kuphela yakushintsha ukubukwa bokubeka Khrushchev kanye nebangani bakhe. Kumele babe sihlolisise isithombe Anatoliya Zvereva "pins. Nikolina Gora "(1968) noma" iSonto "(1959), ukuze baqonde ukuthi - i-ezicashile kanye virtuosic master umuntu okholelwa entweni ekhona okwangempela. Ngaphezu ngokuthumela ngokomzwelo, Nomfutho zobuciko eqinile azalelwe namathafa yenkosi ngokunemba okumangalisayo nobuhle okwamanje yokudlulisela, ukukhanya nomoya, futhi umsindo umoya - konke okungukuthi umuntu azalwa nalo lokuhlaziya amakhosi best of Russian landscape - I. I. Levitanu, A. K. Savrasovu omsebenzi wakhe, ngendlela, lokhu 'wangazi futhi ibhoklolo "Kuyaziwa futhi bewazisa kakhulu.

Zverev isilwane umdwebi

Phakathi abayithandayo of lokusungula Zverev abaningi kulabo ngaphezu kwakho konke ubeka isimiso sakhe, futhi phakathi imidwebo - imijikelezo ingcaca kwezilwane izithombe. Ngakho, uchungechunge zoo izakhamuzi, eyasungulwa ngo-1952, waba zakudala animalism.
Ungase ukuhlangabezana "professional" Zverev isihlamba: imisebenzi yakhe ayiwona ukunakwa kuwufanele, ngoba kukhona engasindi, basebenzela kancane. Ngikhumbula Salieri Pushkin, ubani uhlambalaze ezulwini, unesiphiwo ubuhlakani "reveler lutho." Kodwa kuthiwani uma, ukuze abonise esikhathazayo sokuhlala siqaphile futhi swiftness we inyamazane ingwe, Zverev kudingeka umugqa owodwa kuphela futhi inani imivimbo? crane yakhe ngomusa afana incwadi enkulu namehlo shinda - kancane sithuthukiswe ipensela push, kodwa kufanele sibaphathe futhi ngizibuke kungaba elingapheli.

imidwebo Umxhwele Anatoly Zverev - umdwebi, owayekholelwa ukuthi inja Mthatheni kuMariya, okwashiya "ekumeni" eziningana poodle Fili, ibhansi Russian okuthiwa Ulan nezinye yakhe "abangane." Mhlawumbe uthola kubo zokuxhumana ngokomzwelo, okuyinto azange abe abantu ngokwanele emhlabeni?

lochaza

Noma kunjalo, zingafakwa endleleni elicinene self-wafundisa, uma kahle wayazi ukuqoqwa Tretyakov Gallery, uma hlabelela ka "Eugene Onegin", uma khumbula Ingqondo yakhe futhi inkulumo aphoristic? Konke lokhu akukwazi wacabanga ngaphandle yezokuxhumana kwembulunga yonke nesiko zomhlaba.

"Gogoliada", imifanekiso ukuze inganekwane by Andersen, kuya "Golden Imbongolo" Apuleius, futhi omunye izithombe ozithandayo - Don Quixote - okusebenza, hhayi nje okwenza ebonakalayo izinhlamvu wokubhala kubo ngendlela ekhethekile emhlabeni adalwe umbhali, ingxoxo kuthakazelisa ephakanyiswe ngumlobi indaba ephathwayo.

Ukuzuza amandla anjalo kanye nokuthatha izinto ngokuvamile ngaphandle acabangisisa futhi emva amaziyo ngokudlulisa amehlo ngemisebenzi ngesakhiwo akukwazi ngenye kuyinto ukukholelwa zemfihlakalo, ku Ezulwini, okuyizinto ihluzo kanye imidwebo Zvereva. Anatoly T. nzima kubona le isithunywa esivela ezulwini, esinesono kakhulu futhi kuye kwamiswa emazombezombe indlela yakhe yokuphila, kodwa ngoba isifundo esibalulekile ngakho bokubeka zabuna emhlabeni.

Russian kanye Russian Matisse Picasso

Yimani niqonde esisekelweni - mission izindaba ngenzeka kuphela. Ukuhlolwa Picasso, owanibizela Zverev engcono umdwebi isiRashiya, kubhalwa phezu kwayo kakhulu. Ukuze uqonde ukubaluleka kwalo, kuhle ukucabangela ukuthi liphakanyiswe ubuhlakani Lubanzi ezivela ezweni yobuciko lokuhlaziya, futhi kunzima ukuba nethemba komngane anele ne Umdwebo wakhe Russian.

Kodwa lo mbono ndoda yaseSpain olukhulu ayizange kubonakale ihaba cwe, uma ukubona ubunqunu obuyingcaca futhi ngokuzinikela imidwebo yakhe Zvereva. Anatoly T. sengqondo eyinkimbinkimbi zokuhlukumeza abesifazane eqondwa bangesikhathi izinkumbulo. Sinenkosi eziningi izici ekhululekile futhi izenzo okungavamile maqondana ubulili bubuhle. Noma ingabe nje isigubuzelo futhi? Njalo umugqa uphefumula Zverev nude ngesisa izinkanuko, ubuhle elicwengisiswe nokulangazela injabulo, okulingana zezinhlobo esiphezulu ezobuciko.

Zverev watibona

Kwakuyinkathi isithakazelo Umdwebo non-engokomfanekiso, umjikelezo abadumile Suprematist isebenza. Futhi iyiphi enye indlela kungenziwa ngokuthi umculi ubani ngakho kusobala alingeni ubuciko esemthethweni, uma hhayi abstract? Lokhu kwashiwo futhi yokuphila, futhi imidwebo Zvereva.

Anatolia kanye West kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso uphawu Okwesibili Russian avant-garde, banner yakhe. Wafikelwa isithakazelo ayenaso Abstraction okumsulwa zesikhashana kuphela, emhlabeni wakhe lalingekho ngaphandle ukhonkolo ngempela: abantu, izilwane, izinto, nemvelo - alikwazanga ngaphandle kwalo ngokugcwalisa ngokuvumelana noma ukuphila noma ubuciko.

Esedlule nesizayo

E-Moscow zikhona iminyuziyamu eminingi kangaka anikelwe umculi olulodwa. Manje kukhona izibalo ozinikele futhi edume ezifana Anatoly Zverev. Imidwebo, izithombe, amavidiyo - konke lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthola lo mkhuba omusha we abasha, ukufunda facets entsha ithalente nobuntu abathandayo - legend eMoscow. Legend of indoda eziyinkimbinkimbi, abangaphelele, esidabukisayo, ababuthakathaka futhi onamandla onke ngethalente layo.