Isiqinisekiso Independent njengendlela ukuqinisekisa ukugcwaliseka izibopho. Independent sasebhange

Ububanzi umthetho civil minyaka ibhekane zonke izinguquko ezinkulu, ikakhulu emkhakheni yasebhange. Kukhona amafomu amasha wesikweletu, imigomo yesivumelwano, ukuthi kungenzeka isiqinisekiso, kanye izinzuzo eziphathelene nalokhu. Muva nje, the Civil Code, umqondo omusha ngokuthi "isiqinisekiso ezimele".

Ifomu kanye nokuqukethwe

isiqinisekiso Independent njengendlela indlela ukuqinisekisa ukufezeka kwalesi izibopho is bopho ukukhokha inani inkontileka ngokuqinile kuchazwa, kungakhathaliseki ukusebenza yisiboniso ukukhokhela imisebenzi.

I-Russian Civil Code uthi lolu hlobo isiqinisekiso ikhishwa ngokubhala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona kudingeka amaphuzu abalulekile idokhumenti: izimo ngesikweletu, kanye nezinsizakalo design. umbiko okuyimpoqo ebhaliwe kufanele iqinisekiswe ababambe ichaza, kufakwe besithathu. Zonke ezicashile lolu daba ziyabonakala esihlokweni. 368 we Code Civil.

Inqubo lokunikezelwa

Umthetho ekhona uthi kungenzeka isiqinisekiso ezimele ekhishwe ngokukhethekile ebhange noma credit izikhungo, okuzoba yisiboniso. Izinkambiso umthetho ngokuthi uhlu abantu abanale nelungelo lokuvikeleka yokukhokha:

• Amabhange nezinhlangano yasebhange kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo, okuyinto unelayisensi ukwenza imisebenzi yezimali.
• Credit izikhungo, isibonelo, elikhiphe ukubolekisa yesikhashana.
• izinhlangano Commercial, ngubani ngokufanele amandla ukuba yinkinga iwaranti.

Inqubo echazwe Uyinhloboni wezimali ka deal eyodwa emaceleni. isiqinisekiso Independent njengendlela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuzibophezela kungenziwa ukusebenza kule inkontileka ngesicelo amaqembu iziqinisekiso. Lezi zenzo zisenza sibe nezidingo semthethweni ukusebenza ezibophweni abafanele levela amalungiselelo yesivumelwano.

Mayelana izici isiqinisekiso ezimele

Isici esiyinhloko ngalo ungakwazi ukubona lolu hlobo isiqinisekiso, ke izimele isibopho oyinhloko ebekwa isikhungo credit. Umehluko omkhulu sivezwe kula zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• yesiqinisekiso Independent akagcini ngezenzo zayo esekelwe ukusebenza yesikweletu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi nenkathi esikhokhelwayo, ayizange ibhekane noma yiziphi izinguquko.
• I semthethweni isibopho akusho ukukhishwa semthethweni we isiqinisekiso.
• Kukhona Yini embi ngalo. Yomhlomuli okuphindaphindiwe ukwelashwa akumele zinikele ilungelo lokuthola nokucabangela iwaranti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugcwaliseka okuphelele noma olungaphelele nezibopho akusona isiqinisekiso irisidi yayo.
• Independent sasebhange nganoma iyiphi indlela engahambisani kanye ngomculi. Noma yimuphi izimangalo noma ukuphikisa wakhuliswa okweletayo, akuphazamisi imigomo yenkontileka.

izifundo zomthetho

Le ndawo okubanzi umthetho wezezimali kuhlanganisa eziningi ezihlukahlukene izifundo. Ngakho, lesi siqinisekiso ezimele njengendlela ukuqinisekisa ukugcwaliseka izibopho kusebenza bantu abalandelayo:

1. Garant.
2. Yomhlomuli.
3. Uthishanhloko.

Ngamunye amaqembu isivumelwano uthela ukubaluleka okukhulu. Ngakho, yisiboniso osinikeza izimo ezidingekile Ukukhishwa iziqinisekiso ezimele. Iqembu lesibili olitholayo ukuze unikeze wesithathu, okuyinto esiphuthumayo ke. Lokho okushiwo yile inzuzo ukuvumela okweletayo ukuze uvikele isamba semalimboleko nelungiselelo loan - ngesikhathi esifanayo ngaba nokuzethemba ukusebenza ezibophweni nganoma iyiphi indlela.

Funda kabanzi ngezimiso

isiqinisekiso Independent ingenye izinhlobo ukuthengiselana, ngisho noma lifana nesinye emaceleni. Incwadi yesivumelwano ku abolekise singase siboniswe ekuhlinzekweni loan, hhayi kuphela e Ngokwamanani emali kodwa futhi ezingongolweni, amabhondi, amasheke, nezinye izinto nge inkomba izici individualizing.

I eziphelele kakhulu isiqinisekiso ezimele, ukuma okuyinto ichazwa Art. 368 we Code Civil, kubonakala embhalweni, okuyinto lelipelwe imigomo eyisisekelo, amaphuzu isimo. Uhlu olugcwele lwezinto esiyisibopho inkontileka simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

• Imininingwane amaqembu. Igama eliphelele kuyadingeka ukuze ukuhlonza amaqembu. Kukhona amakheli ezibalulekile inkampani ephezulu kanye igatsha, uma ekhona futhi iqhaza kule kuthengiselana.
• Inqubo sibalo ngeke kutholakale izinga izinkokhelo izikweletu, kanti uma kunesidingo ukubhekana phambi kwenkantolo njengobufakazi.
• Ukukhuluma kungenzeka ukudluliswa kumalungelo abantu umzuzi.
• Inani uboleka ukwesekwa yayo, kanye ubukhulu zenkathi.
• Ukuqala izimo ezingavamile okwaholela inani izikweletu zingancishiswa noma lenyuke. Kufanele ucacise isimo ethize, kanye nenkundla izimali: isinxephezelo noma izinhlawulo.
• Isikhathi inkontileka kanye nohlu amaqiniso lomthetho ukuze senze kube nokwenzeka uphelela.
• Usuku kanye nesignesha amaqembu.

On tibalo futhi izibalo

isiqinisekiso Independent, ehlinzekwe ku inkampani lwesithathu izimo kufanele akuphikisani izimo jikelele isivumelwano sesikweletu ukuba Isivumelwano sisayinwe phakathi kwe oyinhloko umzuzi.

Ukulawulwa osemthethweni walo udaba kubonakala ubuciko. 377 we Code Civil. Norma wathi ukuthi ukubala inani loan kungenzeka kuphela ngokuhambisana nenani, okuyinto kunqunywa isivumelwano phakathi ayemkweleta futhi okweletayo. Endabeni non-ukuhambisana izibalo sivumelwano, okweletayo kungenzeka uhlolwe i eyinzalo. Kulo mbhalo zokulawula kungase ithatha zizonikezwa.

Art. 314 we Code Civil usetha zokukhokha ezithile:

1. Ukuze ubuyekeze nezimfuneko enikeziwe izinsuku ezi-5.
2. isiqinisekiso inkontileka Independent ungahlinzekela ukuthi kungenzeka okwandisa isikhathi ngenyanga, kepha hhayi ngaphezulu.

Uma izibalo ngaphambi kwesikhathi, yisiboniso onomthwalo wemfanelo ngokugcwele zezimali ngokuhambisana Art. 395 we Code Civil we Russian Federation.

ngezigaba

Izinhlobo isiqinisekiso ezimele zimi kanje:

• Isiqinisekiso yethenda.
• Isiqinisekiso ngokubulawa.
• Ukuqinisekisa izibopho inkokhelo e ukubuya.

Ekuphetheni lolu hlobo imigomo yokuhweba nemibandela yesivumelwano kuyagcinwa kungaphuthi

• Ukungakwazi ukushintsha imigomo unilaterally.
• Ukuvinjelwa isibuyekezo.
• Yiba ayivumelekile ngaphandle kwesivumelwano wonke umuntu othintekayo.

Owayebolekisile unelungelo ukuphathisa isimo sabo, uma inkontileka ngakho inikeza. Okwamanje kubalulekile ukuba avumelane yisiboniso, ngemvumo ezivela kuye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sabelo isibopho esiyinhloko, njengoba umthetho, kubandakanya ukunikezwa wonke amalungelo.

Kulokhu, uma isivumelwano isimo non-komunye ka kuphangwa, kwesokudla umzuzi okugcina kubo Kunoma yikuphi, ngisho ngenkululeko yisiboniso.

ukwenqaba kulingane

Umzuzi unelungelo lokuba enqabe ukwenza imali (ningenzi) kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

1. Izimfuneko awahlangabezani nezibopho.
2. Amaphepha okufakiwe bengakwamukeli kahle izinkambiso, imithetho, umklamo, okuqukethwe efanele.
3. Umnqamulajuqu amaphepha kokuthumela ibambezelekile.

Kulokhu, sivumele isishaya-mthetho inikeza ukuthi kungenzeka elula isikhathi kuze kufike izinsuku ezingu-7 kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Ukungaqiniseki ngokuthi ubuqiniso imibhalo ezihlongozwayo.
• Hhayi ukuza imigomo.
• Ukusebenza kwe-isibopho uthishomkhulu.
• Ukuzibophelela okuphambili abalahlekelwe ithonya lazo.

Esimweni lapho ukungabaza kungukuthi kuqinisekisiwe, yisiboniso luthembisa ukwenza lokhu kuhambisana nayo yonke imigomo yenkontileka. Endabeni a izidingo isibambiso kusukela obolekisayo, owokuqala nakanjani esikhathini esizayo esiseduze ukwazisa uthishanhloko.

Ukupheliswa isiqinisekiso

The kungenzeka ukuhlinzeka iziqinisekiso siyize kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Kokuphela kwenkontileka.
• isamba semalimboleko ikhokhelwa okweletayo ngokugcwele.
• Owayebolekisile wenqaba zonke izimfuneko.
• Ayemkweleta ngokubhala yakhulula okweletayo emisebenzini yakhe.

Lo magazini kulawulwa Art. 378 we Code Civil. Esimeni ukuqedwa isiqinisekiso ezimele yisiboniso ubophekile ukuba wazise okweletayo ngakho. Kuncike ithuba ikuvumela ukuba sandise kwenkululeko credit nezinhlangano ebhange, futhi izakhamuzi, esikhundleni salokho, ukuvula amathuba amasha ukuthola imali ebolekiswayo.