Isiqhingi saseLuzon: indawo, isimo sezulu. Iziqhingi zasePhilippine

Ngaphambi kokuqala incazelo yesiqhingi saseLuzon, ake sikhulume kancane mayelana nezwe lasePhilippines. Itholakala eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Iqoqo leziqhingi eziningi. Kutholakala e-Pacific Ocean phakathi kweTaiwan nase-Indonesia. Inhloko-dolobha yasePhilippines yidolobha laseManila (indawo - iLocon Island). Inani labantu ngo-2015 lidlule abantu abayizigidi ezingu-102. Umbuso uhlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amathathu.

I-archipelago yasePhilippines: incazelo emfushane

I-archipelago yasePhilippine ihlanganisa iziqhingi ezingaphezu kuka-7 000. Okukhulu kunazo zonke yiLuzon, uPanay, Negros nabanye. I-archipelago itholakala e-Pacific Ocean. Ubude bayo bungaphezu kuka 2,000 km ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu, futhi kusukela entshonalanga kuya empumalanga - nje ngaphansi kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane. Kuhlelwe ngokomzimba ngamaqembu amathathu:

• Owokuqala, obizwa ngokuthi uLuzon, usempumalanga;
• Owesibili, ophakathi, uhlala eziqhingini zeVisayas;
• Owesithathu yiqembu eliseningizimu - Mindanao.

Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi akuzona zonke iziQhingi zasePhilippine ezihlala kuzo. Kuphelele, kungaphansi kwesigamu kuphela abantu abahlala kuwo.

I-archipelago igezwa nxazonke yizilwandle: entshonalanga yiSouth China, eningizimu neSulawesi, empumalanga ngePhilippine. Ugu lolunebude obungaba ngu-40 000 km. Indawo yonke yensimu yayiyizinkulungwane ezingaba ngu-300 km ² . Enyakatho, amaPhilippine Islands ahlala neziqhingi zaseTaiwan. Bahlukaniswe omunye nomunye nge-Stashi Bashi. Ukukhululeka okukhona yizintaba. Ngokwemvelaphi, zonke iziqhingi ziyizintaba-mlilo. Ngisho namanje, kunomkhakha wemisebenzi ephezulu yesimisi.

ULuzzon - isiqhingi sase-Philippine

I-Luzon Island yiyona enkulu kakhulu. Iyingxenye ye-archipelago yasePhilippine. Indawo yayo inamakhilomitha angaba ngu-110 000. Ukusuka eningizimu-ntshonalanga uFr. Mindoro. Phakathi kwabo bahlukaniswa yi-Verde Strait. Engxenyeni eseningizimu yeLuzon kunenhlonipho yaseBicol. Lesi sigaba sezwe sinomumo ohlangene, omncane. Ulwandle lwaso lubi kakhulu. Kunezindawo eziningi nama-cove lapha. Kusukela cishe. ULuzzon waqedwa yi-ismmus yaseTayyabas. Ngaphezu kweBiokola, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili ezincane - iBondock neKaramoan. Ngaseningizimu, isiqhingi saseLuzon (ePhilippines) sinqunywe nguFr. Samar, wahlukaniswa naye yiStrave yeSan Bernardino.

Isihloko esikhulu kunazo zonke esinikezwa yona hhayi kuphela ngobukhulu besigaba esithathiwe, kodwa futhi nenani labantu. Abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-46 bahlala eLuzon. Ezweni, lilinganiselwa ku-17 ngobukhulu.

Indawo yendawo

IsiLuzon Island sisePacific Ocean. Izinhlangothi zalo ezisentshonalanga nasempumalanga zihlanjululwa yiSouth China nasePhilippines Seas. Ukuze uthole i-Luzon ebalazweni, ungasebenzisa izixhumanisi ezilandelayo: 16 ° 04'30 "enyakatho ye latitude kanye no 121 ° 00'11" empumalanga ye-longitude.

Iziqhingi zaseRyukyu nezintaba zaseTaiwan zihlukaniswa nayo yiStrave yaseLusonia. Iqondiswa ngokuqondile ezweni lasePhilippines.

Ukukhulula

Njengezinye iziqhingi eziningi ezinkulu ze-archipelago yasePhilippine, iLocon inendawo yezintaba. Ensimini yayo kunezintaba eziningi eziqhumayo nezishisayo. Iphuzu eliphakeme kakhulu lesi siqhingi sifinyelela cishe ku-3 000 m. Lona intaba yePulog. Izinsizakalo ezisele eziseleyo ziba nezisindo eziphakathi.

Engxenyeni esenyakatho-entshonalanga yesiqhingi ungenye yezinhlelo ezinkulu zezintaba - i-Central Cordillera. Lithatha ingxenye yesithupha yeLuzon (engaphezu kuka-18 000 km ² ). Lesi sifunda sezintaba sinabantu abaningi. Kuphila lapha 2% yenani labantu basePhilippines. Lokhu kufana nabakhileyo abangaphezu kwesigidi.

I-Sierra Madre iyinhlangano yezintaba ezisempumalanga yesiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke e-Philippine archipelago. Kusukela emzimbeni weCordillera kuhlukaniswe isigodi somfula. I-Sambales - amafomu aphansi kakhulu entabeni, eseduze naseningizimu.

I-Luzon ine-plain. Ibizwa ngokuthi iLentral Luzonskaya. Iphakathi kweSambales Massif neSierra Madre. Ithebula lihlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-11,000. Kule ndawo lapho amazwe athela kakhulu ePhilippines atholakala khona. Maphakathi nethafa kukhona enye intaba - Arajat.

Imithombo yamanzi yangaphakathi

Ugu lolwesi siqhingi lukhulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunezindawo eziningi nama-cove lapha. Inombolo enkulu kakhulu igxile ezinhlangothini ezisentshonalanga naseningizimu. Okukhulu kunazo zonke yiLingen Bay neManilsky Bay.

Noma yikuphi indawo lapho kunezintaba ezisezintabeni kunemifula eminingi. I-Luzon ayiyona into. Kwezinye zazo masihlale eminye imininingwane.

Umfula iPampanga ugeleza esifundazweni igama elifanayo. Ubude bayo buyi-260 km. Ivela emkhakheni wezintaba waseSierra Madre, ugeleza waya endaweni yaseManil. Yakhelwe inombolo enkulu yamachibi kanye namanzi okunisela.

Umfula waseCagayan yiwona umthamo omkhulu wamanzi e-Philippine archipelago. Isiteshi sawo sigijima ngasenyakatho-mpumalanga ye siqhingi. Ubude buyi-500 km. Imvelaphi yayo ithatha ezintabeni zaseCaraballo. Igeleza ukungena e-Babuyansky strait. Kungenxa yalo mfula abantu abanethuba lokutshala izitshalo. Inhlabathi esigodini ivuna kakhulu, ngakho-ke kuhle ukukhula ilayisi, ubhanana, izinhlobo ze-citrus kanye nezinhlamvu zokusanhlamvu.

Omunye umgwaqo wamanzi umfula iPassig. Kuyinto encane ngobukhulu, umbhede ubude obungama-25 km kuphela. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwalokhu, lidlala indima ebalulekile kuhulumeni, njengoba idlula enkambeni enkulu yenhloko-dolobha. Ivela eLaguna de Bai. Igeleza eManla Bay.

Ngaphezu kwemifula, kukhona namachibi esiqhingini. Okukhulu kakhulu yi-Laguna de Bai. Futhi yiyona enkulu kunazo zonke hhayi nje kuphela esiqhingini, kodwa kuwo wonke amaSouth-East Asia. Indawo yayo ifinyelela ku-1,000 km ² . Omunye umthombo omkhulu, oseLocon, yiLake Taal. Yakhiwa engxenyeni ye-volcano engaphelile.

Izici zomoya

Insimu yesiqhingi saseLuzon ilawulwa yiziqhumane. Ngonyaka owodwa, inombolo yabo ingafinyelela ku-20. Isimo sezulu sinomsoco wokuthoba. Isikhathi senkathi lapha asifani nendawo. Izakhamuzi zendawo zihlukanisa ngezikhathi ezintathu:

• Kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuMeyi - ehlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, kubonakala izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu.
• Kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuNovemba, inani elikhulu lemvula liwela. Le nkathi ibizwa ngokuthi inkathi yemvula.
• Izinyanga zasebusika ziyiDisemba, uJanuwari, Febhuwari.

Ngaphezulu konyaka, imvula engaphezu kuka-2 000 mm iyawa. Engxenyeni yesiqhingi saseLuzon, kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba, ukuqhuma kwe-monsoon eningizimu-ntshonalanga, kusukela ngoNovemba kuya ku-Ephreli, iminyango yomoya omile. Ukushisa okuvamile kwansuku zonke kungu-26 ° C.

Vigan

Leli dolobha liyisiqhingi sezilwandle zasePhilippines. Abantu lapha bangabantu abangaba ngu-10 000. I-Wigan ibhalwe ohlwini lwe-UNESCO yamagugu omhlaba. Engxenyeni yomuzi, izakhiwo ziye zagcinwa kusukela ngesikhathi se-colonization yaseSpain. Kunezakhiwo eziningi eziyingqayizivele zokwakha. Okumangalisa kakhulu yiCathhedral yaseSt. Paul. Idolobha lomuzi lalethwa emhlabeni ngomgwaqo weMena Krizogo Street. Njengamanje, izakhiwo zekhulu le-16 le-17 zisalondolozwa kuso.

I-Pinatubo Volcano

I-volcano okwamanje ibhekisela kumanje. Isikhathi sokugcina ukuqhuma kuqoshiwe eminyakeni engu-25 edlule. Ukuqhathaniswa kwalo kubangelwa ukuthi iminyaka engama-600 kwakucatshangwa ukuthi sekuphelile. Kuze kube ngu-1991, ukuphakama kwalo bekuyi-1,800 m, kodwa okwamanje sekuye kwaphela futhi cishe ku-1 500 m. Intaba-mlilo itholakala enhlokodolobha yasePhilippines - iManila. Leli banga liyi-90 km. Ngenxa yokuqhuma kwawo ngo-1991 cishe abantu abayi-1 000 bafa. Isisekelo samandla emoyeni kanye nesisekelo sezindiza sase-US sabhujiswa. Lokhu kuzamazama komhlaba kwaqashelwa njengamandla kakhulu futhi okulimazayo kakhulu ekhulwini lama-20. Esikalweni se-Richter sifike amaphuzu angu-6.

Izimpophoma ze-Pinsal

Isiqhingi saseLuzon singase siziqhenye ngesinye seziqephu ezidume kakhulu - izimpophoma ze-Pinsal. Lezi zimifudlana zamanzi ezinzima zizungezwe izinkolelo eziningi kanye nezinganekwane. Esiqongweni sazo kukhona izinqolobane ezimbalwa, ezinomzimba womuntu. Ngokomlando wendawo, amachibi akhiwa ngesikhathi i-Angalo enkulu idlula kulezi zindawo.

Le ndawo enezimpophoma ikhiqizwe indawo eyingqayizivele enhle. Ubuhle be-cascades buvele buhle. Amanzi emfudlaneni awehla ekuphakameni kwamamitha angu-85. Eceleni kwabo kuwumthombo wamanzi ashisayo.